Arctic marine fungi: biomass, functional genes, and putative ecological roles
Submitted manuscript version, licensed Natureresearch Preprint Policy . Published version available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41396-019-0368-1 Recent molecular evidence suggests a global distribution of marine fungi; however, the ecological relevance and corresponding biological contributions o...
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Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/10037/16449 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41396-019-0368-1 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41396-019-0368-1 |
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ftunivtroemsoe:oai:munin.uit.no:10037/16449 2023-05-15T14:26:46+02:00 Arctic marine fungi: biomass, functional genes, and putative ecological roles Hassett, Brandon Thomas Borrego, Eli Vonnahme, Tobias R. Rämä, Teppo Kolomiets, M.V. Gradinger, Rolf 2019-02-11 https://hdl.handle.net/10037/16449 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41396-019-0368-1 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41396-019-0368-1 eng eng Springer Nature Publishing AG The ISME Journal Hassett, B.T., Borrego, E.J., Vonnahme, T.R., Rämä, T., Kolomiets, M.V., Gradinger, R. (2019) Arctic marine fungi: biomass, functional genes, and putative ecological roles. The ISME Journal, 2019 , (13), 1484-1496. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41396-019-0368-1 FRIDAID 1676248 doi:10.1038/s41396-019-0368-1 1751-7362 1751-7370 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41396-019-0368-1 https://hdl.handle.net/10037/16449 openAccess VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Marine biology: 497 VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Marinbiologi: 497 Journal article Peer reviewed 2019 ftunivtroemsoe https://doi.org/10.1038/s41396-019-0368-1 2021-06-25T17:56:25Z Submitted manuscript version, licensed Natureresearch Preprint Policy . Published version available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41396-019-0368-1 Recent molecular evidence suggests a global distribution of marine fungi; however, the ecological relevance and corresponding biological contributions of fungi to marine ecosystems remains largely unknown. We assessed fungal biomass from the open Arctic Ocean by applying novel biomass conversion factors from cultured isolates to environmental sterol and CARD-FISH data. We found an average of 16.54 nmol m−3 of ergosterol in sea ice and seawater, which corresponds to 1.74 mg C m−3 (444.56 mg C m−2 in seawater). Using Chytridiomycota-specific probes, we observed free-living and particulate-attached cells that averaged 34.07 µg C m−3 in sea ice and seawater (11.66 mg C m−2 in seawater). Summed CARD-FISH and ergosterol values approximate 1.77 mg C m−3 in sea ice and seawater (456.23 mg C m−2 in seawater), which is similar to biomass estimates of other marine taxa generally considered integral to marine food webs and ecosystem processes. Using the GeoChip microarray, we detected evidence for fungal viruses within the Partitiviridae in sediment, as well as fungal genes involved in the degradation of biomass and the assimilation of nitrate. To bridge our observations of fungi on particulate and the detection of degradative genes, we germinated fungal conidia in zooplankton fecal pellets and germinated fungal conidia after 8 months incubation in sterile seawater. Ultimately, these data suggest that fungi could be as important in oceanic ecosystems as they are in freshwater environments. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctic Arctic Ocean Sea ice Zooplankton University of Tromsø: Munin Open Research Archive Arctic Arctic Ocean The ISME Journal 13 6 1484 1496 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Tromsø: Munin Open Research Archive |
op_collection_id |
ftunivtroemsoe |
language |
English |
topic |
VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Marine biology: 497 VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Marinbiologi: 497 |
spellingShingle |
VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Marine biology: 497 VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Marinbiologi: 497 Hassett, Brandon Thomas Borrego, Eli Vonnahme, Tobias R. Rämä, Teppo Kolomiets, M.V. Gradinger, Rolf Arctic marine fungi: biomass, functional genes, and putative ecological roles |
topic_facet |
VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Marine biology: 497 VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Marinbiologi: 497 |
description |
Submitted manuscript version, licensed Natureresearch Preprint Policy . Published version available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41396-019-0368-1 Recent molecular evidence suggests a global distribution of marine fungi; however, the ecological relevance and corresponding biological contributions of fungi to marine ecosystems remains largely unknown. We assessed fungal biomass from the open Arctic Ocean by applying novel biomass conversion factors from cultured isolates to environmental sterol and CARD-FISH data. We found an average of 16.54 nmol m−3 of ergosterol in sea ice and seawater, which corresponds to 1.74 mg C m−3 (444.56 mg C m−2 in seawater). Using Chytridiomycota-specific probes, we observed free-living and particulate-attached cells that averaged 34.07 µg C m−3 in sea ice and seawater (11.66 mg C m−2 in seawater). Summed CARD-FISH and ergosterol values approximate 1.77 mg C m−3 in sea ice and seawater (456.23 mg C m−2 in seawater), which is similar to biomass estimates of other marine taxa generally considered integral to marine food webs and ecosystem processes. Using the GeoChip microarray, we detected evidence for fungal viruses within the Partitiviridae in sediment, as well as fungal genes involved in the degradation of biomass and the assimilation of nitrate. To bridge our observations of fungi on particulate and the detection of degradative genes, we germinated fungal conidia in zooplankton fecal pellets and germinated fungal conidia after 8 months incubation in sterile seawater. Ultimately, these data suggest that fungi could be as important in oceanic ecosystems as they are in freshwater environments. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Hassett, Brandon Thomas Borrego, Eli Vonnahme, Tobias R. Rämä, Teppo Kolomiets, M.V. Gradinger, Rolf |
author_facet |
Hassett, Brandon Thomas Borrego, Eli Vonnahme, Tobias R. Rämä, Teppo Kolomiets, M.V. Gradinger, Rolf |
author_sort |
Hassett, Brandon Thomas |
title |
Arctic marine fungi: biomass, functional genes, and putative ecological roles |
title_short |
Arctic marine fungi: biomass, functional genes, and putative ecological roles |
title_full |
Arctic marine fungi: biomass, functional genes, and putative ecological roles |
title_fullStr |
Arctic marine fungi: biomass, functional genes, and putative ecological roles |
title_full_unstemmed |
Arctic marine fungi: biomass, functional genes, and putative ecological roles |
title_sort |
arctic marine fungi: biomass, functional genes, and putative ecological roles |
publisher |
Springer Nature Publishing AG |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/10037/16449 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41396-019-0368-1 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41396-019-0368-1 |
geographic |
Arctic Arctic Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Arctic Ocean Sea ice Zooplankton |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Arctic Ocean Sea ice Zooplankton |
op_relation |
The ISME Journal Hassett, B.T., Borrego, E.J., Vonnahme, T.R., Rämä, T., Kolomiets, M.V., Gradinger, R. (2019) Arctic marine fungi: biomass, functional genes, and putative ecological roles. The ISME Journal, 2019 , (13), 1484-1496. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41396-019-0368-1 FRIDAID 1676248 doi:10.1038/s41396-019-0368-1 1751-7362 1751-7370 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41396-019-0368-1 https://hdl.handle.net/10037/16449 |
op_rights |
openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41396-019-0368-1 |
container_title |
The ISME Journal |
container_volume |
13 |
container_issue |
6 |
container_start_page |
1484 |
op_container_end_page |
1496 |
_version_ |
1766300189584261120 |