Tidewater glaciers and bedrock characteristics control the phytoplankton growth environment in a fjord in the arctic
Source at https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00254. Meltwater discharge from tidewater glaciers impacts the adjacent marine environment. Due to the global warming, tidewater glaciers are retreating and will eventually terminate on land. Yet, the mechanisms through which meltwater runoff and subglaci...
Published in: | Frontiers in Marine Science |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Frontiers Media
2019
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/10037/16082 https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00254 |
id |
ftunivtroemsoe:oai:munin.uit.no:10037/16082 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftunivtroemsoe:oai:munin.uit.no:10037/16082 2023-05-15T14:24:45+02:00 Tidewater glaciers and bedrock characteristics control the phytoplankton growth environment in a fjord in the arctic Halbach, Laura Vihtakari, Mikko Duarte, Pedro Everett, Alistair Granskog, Mats Hop, Haakon Kauko, Hanna Maria Kristiansen, Svein Myhre, Per Inge Pavlov, Alexey K. Pramanik, Ankit Tatarek, Agnieszka Torsvik, Tomas Wiktor, Józef Maria Wold, Anette Wulff, Angela Steen, Harald Assmy, Philipp 2019-05-31 https://hdl.handle.net/10037/16082 https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00254 eng eng Frontiers Media Frontiers in Marine Science info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/RCN/MARINFORSK/243808/Norway/TIGRIF: TIdewater Glacier Retreat Impact on Fjord circulation and ecosystems// info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/RCN/POLARPROG/244646/Norway/Ice-algal and under-ice phytoplankton bloom dynamics in a changing Arctic icescape// Halbach, L., Vihtakari, M., Duarte, P., Everett, A., Granskog, M.A., Hop, H. . Assmy, P. (2019). Tidewater glaciers and bedrock characteristics control the phytoplankton growth environment in a fjord in the arctic. Frontiers in Marine Science, 6 :254. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00254 FRIDAID 1710434 doi:10.3389/fmars.2019.00254 2296-7745 https://hdl.handle.net/10037/16082 openAccess VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Geosciences: 450 VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Geofag: 450 sediment geology light ammonium glacial meltwater nutrients Svalbard Kongsfjorden Journal article Tidsskriftartikkel Peer reviewed 2019 ftunivtroemsoe https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00254 2021-06-25T17:56:45Z Source at https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00254. Meltwater discharge from tidewater glaciers impacts the adjacent marine environment. Due to the global warming, tidewater glaciers are retreating and will eventually terminate on land. Yet, the mechanisms through which meltwater runoff and subglacial discharge from tidewater glaciers influence marine primary production remain poorly understood, as data in close proximity to glacier fronts are scarce. Here, we show that subglacial meltwater discharge and bedrock characteristics of the catchments control the phytoplankton growth environment inside the fjord, based on data collected in close proximity to tidewater glacier fronts in Kongsfjorden, Svalbard from 26 to 31 July 2017. In the southern part of the inner fjord, glacial meltwater from subglacial discharge was rich in fine sediments derived from erosion of Devonian Old Red Sandstone and carbonate rock deposits, limiting light availability for phytoplankton (0.6 mg m −3 Chl a on average, range 0.2–1.9 mg m −3 ). In contrast, coarser sediments derived from gneiss and granite bedrock and lower subglacial discharge rates were associated with more favourable light conditions facilitating a local phytoplankton bloom in the northern part of the inner fjord with mean Chl a concentration of 2.8 mg m −3 (range 1.3–7.4 mg m −3 ). In the northern part, glacier meltwater was a direct source of silicic acid through weathering of the silica-rich gneiss and granite bedrock. Upwelling of the subglacial freshwater discharge plume at the Kronebreen glacier front in the southern part entrained large volumes of ambient, nutrient-rich bottom waters which led to elevated surface concentrations of ammonium, nitrate, and partly silicic acid. Total dissolved inorganic nitrogen transported to the surface with the upwelling of the subglacial discharge plume has a significant potential to enhance summer primary production in Kongsfjorden, with ammonium released from the seafloor being of particular importance. The transition from tidewater to land-terminating glaciers may, thus, reduce the input of nutrients to the surface layer with negative consequences for summer productivity. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctic glacier Global warming Kongsfjord* Kongsfjorden Phytoplankton Svalbard Tidewater University of Tromsø: Munin Open Research Archive Arctic Kronebreen ENVELOPE(13.333,13.333,78.833,78.833) Svalbard Frontiers in Marine Science 6 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Tromsø: Munin Open Research Archive |
op_collection_id |
ftunivtroemsoe |
language |
English |
topic |
VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Geosciences: 450 VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Geofag: 450 sediment geology light ammonium glacial meltwater nutrients Svalbard Kongsfjorden |
spellingShingle |
VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Geosciences: 450 VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Geofag: 450 sediment geology light ammonium glacial meltwater nutrients Svalbard Kongsfjorden Halbach, Laura Vihtakari, Mikko Duarte, Pedro Everett, Alistair Granskog, Mats Hop, Haakon Kauko, Hanna Maria Kristiansen, Svein Myhre, Per Inge Pavlov, Alexey K. Pramanik, Ankit Tatarek, Agnieszka Torsvik, Tomas Wiktor, Józef Maria Wold, Anette Wulff, Angela Steen, Harald Assmy, Philipp Tidewater glaciers and bedrock characteristics control the phytoplankton growth environment in a fjord in the arctic |
topic_facet |
VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Geosciences: 450 VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Geofag: 450 sediment geology light ammonium glacial meltwater nutrients Svalbard Kongsfjorden |
description |
Source at https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00254. Meltwater discharge from tidewater glaciers impacts the adjacent marine environment. Due to the global warming, tidewater glaciers are retreating and will eventually terminate on land. Yet, the mechanisms through which meltwater runoff and subglacial discharge from tidewater glaciers influence marine primary production remain poorly understood, as data in close proximity to glacier fronts are scarce. Here, we show that subglacial meltwater discharge and bedrock characteristics of the catchments control the phytoplankton growth environment inside the fjord, based on data collected in close proximity to tidewater glacier fronts in Kongsfjorden, Svalbard from 26 to 31 July 2017. In the southern part of the inner fjord, glacial meltwater from subglacial discharge was rich in fine sediments derived from erosion of Devonian Old Red Sandstone and carbonate rock deposits, limiting light availability for phytoplankton (0.6 mg m −3 Chl a on average, range 0.2–1.9 mg m −3 ). In contrast, coarser sediments derived from gneiss and granite bedrock and lower subglacial discharge rates were associated with more favourable light conditions facilitating a local phytoplankton bloom in the northern part of the inner fjord with mean Chl a concentration of 2.8 mg m −3 (range 1.3–7.4 mg m −3 ). In the northern part, glacier meltwater was a direct source of silicic acid through weathering of the silica-rich gneiss and granite bedrock. Upwelling of the subglacial freshwater discharge plume at the Kronebreen glacier front in the southern part entrained large volumes of ambient, nutrient-rich bottom waters which led to elevated surface concentrations of ammonium, nitrate, and partly silicic acid. Total dissolved inorganic nitrogen transported to the surface with the upwelling of the subglacial discharge plume has a significant potential to enhance summer primary production in Kongsfjorden, with ammonium released from the seafloor being of particular importance. The transition from tidewater to land-terminating glaciers may, thus, reduce the input of nutrients to the surface layer with negative consequences for summer productivity. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Halbach, Laura Vihtakari, Mikko Duarte, Pedro Everett, Alistair Granskog, Mats Hop, Haakon Kauko, Hanna Maria Kristiansen, Svein Myhre, Per Inge Pavlov, Alexey K. Pramanik, Ankit Tatarek, Agnieszka Torsvik, Tomas Wiktor, Józef Maria Wold, Anette Wulff, Angela Steen, Harald Assmy, Philipp |
author_facet |
Halbach, Laura Vihtakari, Mikko Duarte, Pedro Everett, Alistair Granskog, Mats Hop, Haakon Kauko, Hanna Maria Kristiansen, Svein Myhre, Per Inge Pavlov, Alexey K. Pramanik, Ankit Tatarek, Agnieszka Torsvik, Tomas Wiktor, Józef Maria Wold, Anette Wulff, Angela Steen, Harald Assmy, Philipp |
author_sort |
Halbach, Laura |
title |
Tidewater glaciers and bedrock characteristics control the phytoplankton growth environment in a fjord in the arctic |
title_short |
Tidewater glaciers and bedrock characteristics control the phytoplankton growth environment in a fjord in the arctic |
title_full |
Tidewater glaciers and bedrock characteristics control the phytoplankton growth environment in a fjord in the arctic |
title_fullStr |
Tidewater glaciers and bedrock characteristics control the phytoplankton growth environment in a fjord in the arctic |
title_full_unstemmed |
Tidewater glaciers and bedrock characteristics control the phytoplankton growth environment in a fjord in the arctic |
title_sort |
tidewater glaciers and bedrock characteristics control the phytoplankton growth environment in a fjord in the arctic |
publisher |
Frontiers Media |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/10037/16082 https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00254 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(13.333,13.333,78.833,78.833) |
geographic |
Arctic Kronebreen Svalbard |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Kronebreen Svalbard |
genre |
Arctic Arctic glacier Global warming Kongsfjord* Kongsfjorden Phytoplankton Svalbard Tidewater |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic glacier Global warming Kongsfjord* Kongsfjorden Phytoplankton Svalbard Tidewater |
op_relation |
Frontiers in Marine Science info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/RCN/MARINFORSK/243808/Norway/TIGRIF: TIdewater Glacier Retreat Impact on Fjord circulation and ecosystems// info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/RCN/POLARPROG/244646/Norway/Ice-algal and under-ice phytoplankton bloom dynamics in a changing Arctic icescape// Halbach, L., Vihtakari, M., Duarte, P., Everett, A., Granskog, M.A., Hop, H. . Assmy, P. (2019). Tidewater glaciers and bedrock characteristics control the phytoplankton growth environment in a fjord in the arctic. Frontiers in Marine Science, 6 :254. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00254 FRIDAID 1710434 doi:10.3389/fmars.2019.00254 2296-7745 https://hdl.handle.net/10037/16082 |
op_rights |
openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00254 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Marine Science |
container_volume |
6 |
_version_ |
1766297213429874688 |