Studies on the effects of LPS, ß‐glucan and metabolic inhibitors on the respiratory burst and gene expression in Atlantic salmon macrophages

• Published in: Journal of Fish Diseases
• Main Authors: Ulvestad, Johanne Skår, Kumari, Jaya, Seternes, Tore, Chi, Heng, Dalmo, Roy Ambli
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Wiley 2018
• Subjects: VDP::Landbruks- og Fiskerifag: 900::Fiskerifag: 920; VDP::Agriculture and fishery disciplines: 900::Fisheries science: 920; gene expression; macrophages; metabolism; respiratory burst; salmon; Dalmo; Atlantic salmon; Salmo salar
• Online Access: https://hdl.handle.net/10037/13497

This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Ulvestad, J.S., Kumari, K., Seternes, T., Chi, H. & Dalmo, R.A. (2018). Studies on the effects of LPS, ß‐glucan and metabolic inhibitors on the respiratory burst and gene expression in Atlantic salmon macrophages. Journal of Fish Diseases, 41(7), 1117-1127. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfd.12806, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1111/jfd.12806 . This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in macrophage‐like cells is induced as an antimicrobial defence against invading pathogens. In this study, we have explored how different stimuli and metabolic inhibitors affect the level of respiratory burst in Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar L.) head kidney macrophage‐like cells. Cells stimulated in vitro by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and ß‐glucan showed increased production of ROS compared to unstimulated cells. Both stimulation and costimulation by curdlan (ß‐glucan) induced a higher production of ROS compared to stimulation and costimulation by LPS. Metabolic inhibitors co‐incubated with the stimulants did not, in most cases, perturb the level of ROS generation in the salmon macrophage‐like cells. The NAD + content as well as the NAD + /NADH ratio increased in curdlan and LPS + curdlan‐stimulated cells compared to control cells, which indicated increased metabolic activity in the stimulated cells. Supporting these findings, gene analysis using real‐time quantitative PCR showed that arginase‐1 and IL‐1ß genes were highly expressed in the stimulated cells.