Late Weichselian ice-sheet dynamics and deglaciation history of the northern Svalbard margin

The paper III is not available in Munin. Paper III: Fransner, O., Noormets, R., Chauhan, T., O’Regan, M. & Jakobsson, M. (2018). Late Weichselian ice stream configuration and dynamics in Albertini Trough, northern Svalbard margin. Available in Arktos, 4(1). This thesis presents new results from...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Fransner, Oscar
Format: Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis
Language:English
Published: UiT Norges arktiske universitet 2018
Subjects:
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/10037/12797
id ftunivtroemsoe:oai:munin.uit.no:10037/12797
record_format openpolar
institution Open Polar
collection University of Tromsø: Munin Open Research Archive
op_collection_id ftunivtroemsoe
language English
topic VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Geofag: 450
VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Geosciences: 450
DOKTOR-004
spellingShingle VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Geofag: 450
VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Geosciences: 450
DOKTOR-004
Fransner, Oscar
Late Weichselian ice-sheet dynamics and deglaciation history of the northern Svalbard margin
topic_facet VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Geofag: 450
VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Geosciences: 450
DOKTOR-004
description The paper III is not available in Munin. Paper III: Fransner, O., Noormets, R., Chauhan, T., O’Regan, M. & Jakobsson, M. (2018). Late Weichselian ice stream configuration and dynamics in Albertini Trough, northern Svalbard margin. Available in Arktos, 4(1). This thesis presents new results from marine geological and geophysical studies based on sediment gravity cores, airgun, subbottom acoustic and high-resolution swath bathymetric data from fjords, the continental shelf and slope north of Nordaustlandet, Svalbard. From these records, the glacial landform assemblages as well as the glacial and postglacial sedimentary environments were interpreted. Where possible, 14C dating was performed to reconstruct the timing of deglaciation. Research presented in this thesis contributes to a better understanding of the extent, timing and rates of decay of the Svalbard-Barents Sea Ice Sheet (SBIS) during the Late Weichselian, as well as to the understanding of the glacial and interglacial processes that have shaped the northern Svalbard margin. Kvitøya and Albertini Troughs hosted streaming ice during the Quaternary. While Kvitøya Trough has a well-developed Trough Mouth Fan (TMF) at its mouth, Albertini Trough mouth is withdrawn and lacks a TMF. The extra accommodation space for sediments created by downfaulted bedrock below Albertini Trough mouth is likely the main reason for the lack of a TMF off Albertini Trough, which shows the influence of local structural geology on TMF build-up. Depth contours of the International Bathymetric Chart of the Arctic Ocean (IBCAO) indicate the presence of cross-shelf troughs off Duvefjorden and Albertinibukta, suggesting the source areas for the repeated ice flows feeding Albertini Trough during the Quaternary. Subglacial landforms in Rijpfjorden and Duvefjorden suggest northerly flowing ice streams in both fjords during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). The higher elongation ratio of the subglacial landforms in Duvefjorden and the deeper fjord basin there, suggest a larger and/or more focused ice flow in Duvefjorden compared to in Rijpfjorden. Listric fault scarps in the Quaternary sediments of Albertini Trough mouth formed during early deglaciation due to a locally unstable sediment stratigraphy there. Overridden terminal moraines with De Geer and push moraines on top, as well as a grounding zone wedge superimposed by glacial lineations indicate multiple readvances of the grounded ice sheet during a generally slow deglaciation of the central Albertini Trough. The deglacial dynamics in Albertini Trough are partly attributed to the shallowing and narrowing of the trough itself, which facilitated ice sheet grounding there. A southwards orientation change from S-N to SSW-NNE of the glacial lineations in Albertini Trough indicates that the ice flow from Duvefjorden became increasingly dominant during deglaciation. Radiocarbon dates from the continental shelf west of Albertini Trough suggest that the retreat of the SBIS front significantly increased with time during deglaciation. The absence of retreat-related landforms in Rijpfjorden’s deeper areas (>-210 m) as well as in Duvefjorden, suggests the presence of floating glacier fronts influenced by calving during deglaciation. Radiocarbon dates from inner Rijpfjorden and central Duvefjorden indicate that these areas were deglaciated before c. 10.6 ka and 11.0 ka, respectively. The thickness of the deglacial-postglacial sediments in Rijpfjorden and Duvefjorden reaches up to 26 m, which gives linear accumulation rates of c. 66 cm/kyr. The high sedimentation rates and steep slopes in the fjords were important for triggering mass flows, common in both fjords during the Holocene.
format Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis
author Fransner, Oscar
author_facet Fransner, Oscar
author_sort Fransner, Oscar
title Late Weichselian ice-sheet dynamics and deglaciation history of the northern Svalbard margin
title_short Late Weichselian ice-sheet dynamics and deglaciation history of the northern Svalbard margin
title_full Late Weichselian ice-sheet dynamics and deglaciation history of the northern Svalbard margin
title_fullStr Late Weichselian ice-sheet dynamics and deglaciation history of the northern Svalbard margin
title_full_unstemmed Late Weichselian ice-sheet dynamics and deglaciation history of the northern Svalbard margin
title_sort late weichselian ice-sheet dynamics and deglaciation history of the northern svalbard margin
publisher UiT Norges arktiske universitet
publishDate 2018
url https://hdl.handle.net/10037/12797
long_lat ENVELOPE(25.006,25.006,80.279,80.279)
ENVELOPE(23.607,23.607,80.285,80.285)
ENVELOPE(22.400,22.400,79.800,79.800)
ENVELOPE(22.188,22.188,80.165,80.165)
geographic Albertinibukta
Arctic
Arctic Ocean
Barents Sea
Duvefjorden
Nordaustlandet
Rijpfjorden
Svalbard
geographic_facet Albertinibukta
Arctic
Arctic Ocean
Barents Sea
Duvefjorden
Nordaustlandet
Rijpfjorden
Svalbard
genre Arctic
Arctic Ocean
Barents Sea
Duvefjorden
glacier
Ice Sheet
Kvitøya
Nordaustlandet
Rijpfjord*
Sea ice
Svalbard
Svalbard margin
Svalbard-Barents Sea Ice sheet
genre_facet Arctic
Arctic Ocean
Barents Sea
Duvefjorden
glacier
Ice Sheet
Kvitøya
Nordaustlandet
Rijpfjord*
Sea ice
Svalbard
Svalbard margin
Svalbard-Barents Sea Ice sheet
op_relation 978-82-8236-296-2 (trykt) og 978-82-8236-297-9 (pdf)
https://hdl.handle.net/10037/12797
op_rights openAccess
Copyright 2018 The Author(s)
_version_ 1766350197677359104
spelling ftunivtroemsoe:oai:munin.uit.no:10037/12797 2023-05-15T15:19:59+02:00 Late Weichselian ice-sheet dynamics and deglaciation history of the northern Svalbard margin Fransner, Oscar 2018-05-04 https://hdl.handle.net/10037/12797 eng eng UiT Norges arktiske universitet UiT The Arctic University of Norway 978-82-8236-296-2 (trykt) og 978-82-8236-297-9 (pdf) https://hdl.handle.net/10037/12797 openAccess Copyright 2018 The Author(s) VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Geofag: 450 VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Geosciences: 450 DOKTOR-004 Doctoral thesis Doktorgradsavhandling 2018 ftunivtroemsoe 2021-06-25T17:55:56Z The paper III is not available in Munin. Paper III: Fransner, O., Noormets, R., Chauhan, T., O’Regan, M. & Jakobsson, M. (2018). Late Weichselian ice stream configuration and dynamics in Albertini Trough, northern Svalbard margin. Available in Arktos, 4(1). This thesis presents new results from marine geological and geophysical studies based on sediment gravity cores, airgun, subbottom acoustic and high-resolution swath bathymetric data from fjords, the continental shelf and slope north of Nordaustlandet, Svalbard. From these records, the glacial landform assemblages as well as the glacial and postglacial sedimentary environments were interpreted. Where possible, 14C dating was performed to reconstruct the timing of deglaciation. Research presented in this thesis contributes to a better understanding of the extent, timing and rates of decay of the Svalbard-Barents Sea Ice Sheet (SBIS) during the Late Weichselian, as well as to the understanding of the glacial and interglacial processes that have shaped the northern Svalbard margin. Kvitøya and Albertini Troughs hosted streaming ice during the Quaternary. While Kvitøya Trough has a well-developed Trough Mouth Fan (TMF) at its mouth, Albertini Trough mouth is withdrawn and lacks a TMF. The extra accommodation space for sediments created by downfaulted bedrock below Albertini Trough mouth is likely the main reason for the lack of a TMF off Albertini Trough, which shows the influence of local structural geology on TMF build-up. Depth contours of the International Bathymetric Chart of the Arctic Ocean (IBCAO) indicate the presence of cross-shelf troughs off Duvefjorden and Albertinibukta, suggesting the source areas for the repeated ice flows feeding Albertini Trough during the Quaternary. Subglacial landforms in Rijpfjorden and Duvefjorden suggest northerly flowing ice streams in both fjords during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). The higher elongation ratio of the subglacial landforms in Duvefjorden and the deeper fjord basin there, suggest a larger and/or more focused ice flow in Duvefjorden compared to in Rijpfjorden. Listric fault scarps in the Quaternary sediments of Albertini Trough mouth formed during early deglaciation due to a locally unstable sediment stratigraphy there. Overridden terminal moraines with De Geer and push moraines on top, as well as a grounding zone wedge superimposed by glacial lineations indicate multiple readvances of the grounded ice sheet during a generally slow deglaciation of the central Albertini Trough. The deglacial dynamics in Albertini Trough are partly attributed to the shallowing and narrowing of the trough itself, which facilitated ice sheet grounding there. A southwards orientation change from S-N to SSW-NNE of the glacial lineations in Albertini Trough indicates that the ice flow from Duvefjorden became increasingly dominant during deglaciation. Radiocarbon dates from the continental shelf west of Albertini Trough suggest that the retreat of the SBIS front significantly increased with time during deglaciation. The absence of retreat-related landforms in Rijpfjorden’s deeper areas (>-210 m) as well as in Duvefjorden, suggests the presence of floating glacier fronts influenced by calving during deglaciation. Radiocarbon dates from inner Rijpfjorden and central Duvefjorden indicate that these areas were deglaciated before c. 10.6 ka and 11.0 ka, respectively. The thickness of the deglacial-postglacial sediments in Rijpfjorden and Duvefjorden reaches up to 26 m, which gives linear accumulation rates of c. 66 cm/kyr. The high sedimentation rates and steep slopes in the fjords were important for triggering mass flows, common in both fjords during the Holocene. Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis Arctic Arctic Ocean Barents Sea Duvefjorden glacier Ice Sheet Kvitøya Nordaustlandet Rijpfjord* Sea ice Svalbard Svalbard margin Svalbard-Barents Sea Ice sheet University of Tromsø: Munin Open Research Archive Albertinibukta ENVELOPE(25.006,25.006,80.279,80.279) Arctic Arctic Ocean Barents Sea Duvefjorden ENVELOPE(23.607,23.607,80.285,80.285) Nordaustlandet ENVELOPE(22.400,22.400,79.800,79.800) Rijpfjorden ENVELOPE(22.188,22.188,80.165,80.165) Svalbard