Changes in marine prokaryote composition with season and depth over an Arctic polar year
Source at https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2017.00095 As the global climate changes, the higher latitudes are seen to be warming significantly faster. It is likely that the Arctic biome will experience considerable shifts in ice melt season length, leading to changes in photoirradiance and in the fresh...
Published in: | Frontiers in Marine Science |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Frontiers Media
2017
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Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/10037/11841 https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2017.00095 |
id |
ftunivtroemsoe:oai:munin.uit.no:10037/11841 |
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record_format |
openpolar |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Tromsø: Munin Open Research Archive |
op_collection_id |
ftunivtroemsoe |
language |
English |
topic |
VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Marinbiologi: 497 VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Marine biology: 497 |
spellingShingle |
VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Marinbiologi: 497 VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Marine biology: 497 Wilson, Bryan Müller, Oliver Nordmann, Eva-Lena Seuthe, Lena Bratbak, Gunnar Øvreås, Lise Changes in marine prokaryote composition with season and depth over an Arctic polar year |
topic_facet |
VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Marinbiologi: 497 VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Marine biology: 497 |
description |
Source at https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2017.00095 As the global climate changes, the higher latitudes are seen to be warming significantly faster. It is likely that the Arctic biome will experience considerable shifts in ice melt season length, leading to changes in photoirradiance and in the freshwater inputs to the marine environment. The exchange of nutrients between Arctic surface and deep waters and their cycling throughout the water column is driven by seasonal change. The impacts, however, of the current global climate transition period on the biodiversity of the Arctic Ocean and its activity are not yet known. To determine seasonal variation in the microbial communities in the deep water column, samples were collected from a profile (1-1000 m depth) in the waters around the Svalbard archipelago throughout an annual cycle encompassing both the polar night and day. High-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons was used to monitor prokaryote diversity. In epipelagic surface waters (<200 m depth), seasonal diversity varied significantly, with light and the corresponding annual phytoplankton bloom pattern being the primary drivers of change during the late spring and summer months. In the permanently dark mesopelagic ocean depths (>200 m), seasonality subsequently had much less effect on community composition. In summer, phytoplankton-associated Gammaproteobacteria and Flavobacteriia dominated surface waters, whilst in low light conditions (surface waters in winter months and deeper waters all year round), the Thaumarchaeota and Chloroflexi-type SAR202 predominated. Alpha-diversity generally increased in epipelagic waters as seasonal light availability decreased; OTU richness also consistently increased down through the water column, with the deepest darkest waters containing the greatest diversity. Beta-diversity analyses confirmed that seasonality and depth also primarily drove community composition. The relative abundance of the eleven predominant taxa showed significant changes in surface waters in summer months and varied with season depending on the phytoplankton bloom stage; corresponding populations in deeper waters however, remained relatively unchanged. Given the significance of the annual phytoplankton bloom pattern on prokaryote diversity in Arctic waters, any changes to bloom dynamics resulting from accelerated global warming will likely have major impacts on surface marine microbial communities, those impacts inevitably trickling down into deeper waters. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Wilson, Bryan Müller, Oliver Nordmann, Eva-Lena Seuthe, Lena Bratbak, Gunnar Øvreås, Lise |
author_facet |
Wilson, Bryan Müller, Oliver Nordmann, Eva-Lena Seuthe, Lena Bratbak, Gunnar Øvreås, Lise |
author_sort |
Wilson, Bryan |
title |
Changes in marine prokaryote composition with season and depth over an Arctic polar year |
title_short |
Changes in marine prokaryote composition with season and depth over an Arctic polar year |
title_full |
Changes in marine prokaryote composition with season and depth over an Arctic polar year |
title_fullStr |
Changes in marine prokaryote composition with season and depth over an Arctic polar year |
title_full_unstemmed |
Changes in marine prokaryote composition with season and depth over an Arctic polar year |
title_sort |
changes in marine prokaryote composition with season and depth over an arctic polar year |
publisher |
Frontiers Media |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/10037/11841 https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2017.00095 |
geographic |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Svalbard Svalbard Archipelago |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Svalbard Svalbard Archipelago |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Arctic Ocean Global warming Phytoplankton polar night Svalbard |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Arctic Ocean Global warming Phytoplankton polar night Svalbard |
op_relation |
Frontiers in Marine Science info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/RCN/POLARPROG/226415/Norway/Bridging marine productivity regimes: How Atlantic advection affects productivity, carbon cycling and export in a melting Arctic Ocean// info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/RCN/POLARPROG/225956/Norway/ Processes and Players in Arctic Marine Pelagic Food Webs - Biogeochemistry, Environment and Climate Change// info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/RCN/POLARPROG/227062/Norway/Microorganisms in the arctic: major drivers of biogeochemical cycles and climate change// Wilson B, Müller O, Nordmann E, Seuthe L, Bratbak G, Øvreås L. Changes in marine prokaryote composition with season and depth over an Arctic polar year. Frontiers in Marine Science. 2017;4(95) FRIDAID 1485541 doi:10.3389/fmars.2017.00095 2296-7745 https://hdl.handle.net/10037/11841 |
op_rights |
openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2017.00095 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Marine Science |
container_volume |
4 |
_version_ |
1766295136434651136 |
spelling |
ftunivtroemsoe:oai:munin.uit.no:10037/11841 2023-05-15T14:22:34+02:00 Changes in marine prokaryote composition with season and depth over an Arctic polar year Wilson, Bryan Müller, Oliver Nordmann, Eva-Lena Seuthe, Lena Bratbak, Gunnar Øvreås, Lise 2017-04-13 https://hdl.handle.net/10037/11841 https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2017.00095 eng eng Frontiers Media Frontiers in Marine Science info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/RCN/POLARPROG/226415/Norway/Bridging marine productivity regimes: How Atlantic advection affects productivity, carbon cycling and export in a melting Arctic Ocean// info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/RCN/POLARPROG/225956/Norway/ Processes and Players in Arctic Marine Pelagic Food Webs - Biogeochemistry, Environment and Climate Change// info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/RCN/POLARPROG/227062/Norway/Microorganisms in the arctic: major drivers of biogeochemical cycles and climate change// Wilson B, Müller O, Nordmann E, Seuthe L, Bratbak G, Øvreås L. Changes in marine prokaryote composition with season and depth over an Arctic polar year. Frontiers in Marine Science. 2017;4(95) FRIDAID 1485541 doi:10.3389/fmars.2017.00095 2296-7745 https://hdl.handle.net/10037/11841 openAccess VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Marinbiologi: 497 VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Marine biology: 497 Journal article Tidsskriftartikkel Peer reviewed 2017 ftunivtroemsoe https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2017.00095 2021-06-25T17:55:30Z Source at https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2017.00095 As the global climate changes, the higher latitudes are seen to be warming significantly faster. It is likely that the Arctic biome will experience considerable shifts in ice melt season length, leading to changes in photoirradiance and in the freshwater inputs to the marine environment. The exchange of nutrients between Arctic surface and deep waters and their cycling throughout the water column is driven by seasonal change. The impacts, however, of the current global climate transition period on the biodiversity of the Arctic Ocean and its activity are not yet known. To determine seasonal variation in the microbial communities in the deep water column, samples were collected from a profile (1-1000 m depth) in the waters around the Svalbard archipelago throughout an annual cycle encompassing both the polar night and day. High-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons was used to monitor prokaryote diversity. In epipelagic surface waters (<200 m depth), seasonal diversity varied significantly, with light and the corresponding annual phytoplankton bloom pattern being the primary drivers of change during the late spring and summer months. In the permanently dark mesopelagic ocean depths (>200 m), seasonality subsequently had much less effect on community composition. In summer, phytoplankton-associated Gammaproteobacteria and Flavobacteriia dominated surface waters, whilst in low light conditions (surface waters in winter months and deeper waters all year round), the Thaumarchaeota and Chloroflexi-type SAR202 predominated. Alpha-diversity generally increased in epipelagic waters as seasonal light availability decreased; OTU richness also consistently increased down through the water column, with the deepest darkest waters containing the greatest diversity. Beta-diversity analyses confirmed that seasonality and depth also primarily drove community composition. The relative abundance of the eleven predominant taxa showed significant changes in surface waters in summer months and varied with season depending on the phytoplankton bloom stage; corresponding populations in deeper waters however, remained relatively unchanged. Given the significance of the annual phytoplankton bloom pattern on prokaryote diversity in Arctic waters, any changes to bloom dynamics resulting from accelerated global warming will likely have major impacts on surface marine microbial communities, those impacts inevitably trickling down into deeper waters. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctic Arctic Ocean Global warming Phytoplankton polar night Svalbard University of Tromsø: Munin Open Research Archive Arctic Arctic Ocean Svalbard Svalbard Archipelago Frontiers in Marine Science 4 |