Confounding and Statistical Significance of Indirect Effects: Childhood Adversity, Education, Smoking, and Anxious and Depressive Symptomatology
Source at https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01317 The life course perspective, the risky families model, and stress-and-coping models provide the rationale for assessing the role of smoking as a mediator in the association between childhood adversity and anxious and depressive symptomatology (ADS)...
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Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/10037/11412 https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01317 |
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ftunivtroemsoe:oai:munin.uit.no:10037/11412 2023-05-15T18:34:26+02:00 Confounding and Statistical Significance of Indirect Effects: Childhood Adversity, Education, Smoking, and Anxious and Depressive Symptomatology Sheikh, Mashhood Ahmed 2017-08-02 https://hdl.handle.net/10037/11412 https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01317 eng eng Frontiers Media Frontiers in Psychology Sheikh MA. Confounding and Statistical Significance of Indirect Effects: Childhood Adversity, Education, Smoking, and Anxious and Depressive Symptomatology. Frontiers in Psychology. 2017;8 FRIDAID 1483902 doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01317 1664-1078 https://hdl.handle.net/10037/11412 openAccess VDP::Medical disciplines: 700::Health sciences: 800::Community medicine Social medicine: 801 VDP::Medisinske Fag: 700::Helsefag: 800::Samfunnsmedisin sosialmedisin: 801 VDP::Social science: 200::Psychology: 260 VDP::Samfunnsvitenskap: 200::Psykologi: 260 Journal article Tidsskriftartikkel Peer reviewed 2017 ftunivtroemsoe https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01317 2021-06-25T17:55:20Z Source at https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01317 The life course perspective, the risky families model, and stress-and-coping models provide the rationale for assessing the role of smoking as a mediator in the association between childhood adversity and anxious and depressive symptomatology (ADS) in adulthood. However, no previous study has assessed the independent mediating role of smoking in the association between childhood adversity and ADS in adulthood. Moreover, the importance of mediator-response confounding variables has rarely been demonstrated empirically in social and psychiatric epidemiology. The aim of this paper was to (i) assess the mediating role of smoking in adulthood in the association between childhood adversity and ADS in adulthood, and (ii) assess the change in estimates due to different mediator-response confounding factors (education, alcohol intake, and social support). The present analysis used data collected from 1994 to 2008 within the framework of the Tromsø Study (N = 4,530), a representative prospective cohort study of men and women. Seven childhood adversities (low mother's education, low father's education, low financial conditions, exposure to passive smoke, psychological abuse, physical abuse, and substance abuse distress) were used to create a childhood adversity score. Smoking status was measured at a mean age of 54.7 years (Tromsø IV), and ADS in adulthood was measured at a mean age of 61.7 years (Tromsø V). Mediation analysis was used to assess the indirect effect and the proportion of mediated effect (%) of childhood adversity on ADS in adulthood via smoking in adulthood. The test-retest reliability of smoking was good (Kappa: 0.67, 95% CI: 0.63; 0.71) in this sample. Childhood adversity was associated with a 10% increased risk of smoking in adulthood (Relative risk: 1.10, 95% CI: 1.03; 1.18), and both childhood adversity and smoking in adulthood were associated with greater levels of ADS in adulthood (p < 0.001). Smoking in adulthood did not significantly mediate the association between childhood adversity and ADS in adulthood. However, when education was excluded as a mediator-response confounding variable, the indirect effect of childhood adversity on ADS in adulthood was statistically significant (p < 0.05). This study shows that a careful inclusion of potential confounding variables is important when assessing mediation. Article in Journal/Newspaper Tromsø University of Tromsø: Munin Open Research Archive Tromsø Frontiers in Psychology 8 |
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University of Tromsø: Munin Open Research Archive |
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English |
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VDP::Medical disciplines: 700::Health sciences: 800::Community medicine Social medicine: 801 VDP::Medisinske Fag: 700::Helsefag: 800::Samfunnsmedisin sosialmedisin: 801 VDP::Social science: 200::Psychology: 260 VDP::Samfunnsvitenskap: 200::Psykologi: 260 |
spellingShingle |
VDP::Medical disciplines: 700::Health sciences: 800::Community medicine Social medicine: 801 VDP::Medisinske Fag: 700::Helsefag: 800::Samfunnsmedisin sosialmedisin: 801 VDP::Social science: 200::Psychology: 260 VDP::Samfunnsvitenskap: 200::Psykologi: 260 Sheikh, Mashhood Ahmed Confounding and Statistical Significance of Indirect Effects: Childhood Adversity, Education, Smoking, and Anxious and Depressive Symptomatology |
topic_facet |
VDP::Medical disciplines: 700::Health sciences: 800::Community medicine Social medicine: 801 VDP::Medisinske Fag: 700::Helsefag: 800::Samfunnsmedisin sosialmedisin: 801 VDP::Social science: 200::Psychology: 260 VDP::Samfunnsvitenskap: 200::Psykologi: 260 |
description |
Source at https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01317 The life course perspective, the risky families model, and stress-and-coping models provide the rationale for assessing the role of smoking as a mediator in the association between childhood adversity and anxious and depressive symptomatology (ADS) in adulthood. However, no previous study has assessed the independent mediating role of smoking in the association between childhood adversity and ADS in adulthood. Moreover, the importance of mediator-response confounding variables has rarely been demonstrated empirically in social and psychiatric epidemiology. The aim of this paper was to (i) assess the mediating role of smoking in adulthood in the association between childhood adversity and ADS in adulthood, and (ii) assess the change in estimates due to different mediator-response confounding factors (education, alcohol intake, and social support). The present analysis used data collected from 1994 to 2008 within the framework of the Tromsø Study (N = 4,530), a representative prospective cohort study of men and women. Seven childhood adversities (low mother's education, low father's education, low financial conditions, exposure to passive smoke, psychological abuse, physical abuse, and substance abuse distress) were used to create a childhood adversity score. Smoking status was measured at a mean age of 54.7 years (Tromsø IV), and ADS in adulthood was measured at a mean age of 61.7 years (Tromsø V). Mediation analysis was used to assess the indirect effect and the proportion of mediated effect (%) of childhood adversity on ADS in adulthood via smoking in adulthood. The test-retest reliability of smoking was good (Kappa: 0.67, 95% CI: 0.63; 0.71) in this sample. Childhood adversity was associated with a 10% increased risk of smoking in adulthood (Relative risk: 1.10, 95% CI: 1.03; 1.18), and both childhood adversity and smoking in adulthood were associated with greater levels of ADS in adulthood (p < 0.001). Smoking in adulthood did not significantly mediate the association between childhood adversity and ADS in adulthood. However, when education was excluded as a mediator-response confounding variable, the indirect effect of childhood adversity on ADS in adulthood was statistically significant (p < 0.05). This study shows that a careful inclusion of potential confounding variables is important when assessing mediation. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Sheikh, Mashhood Ahmed |
author_facet |
Sheikh, Mashhood Ahmed |
author_sort |
Sheikh, Mashhood Ahmed |
title |
Confounding and Statistical Significance of Indirect Effects: Childhood Adversity, Education, Smoking, and Anxious and Depressive Symptomatology |
title_short |
Confounding and Statistical Significance of Indirect Effects: Childhood Adversity, Education, Smoking, and Anxious and Depressive Symptomatology |
title_full |
Confounding and Statistical Significance of Indirect Effects: Childhood Adversity, Education, Smoking, and Anxious and Depressive Symptomatology |
title_fullStr |
Confounding and Statistical Significance of Indirect Effects: Childhood Adversity, Education, Smoking, and Anxious and Depressive Symptomatology |
title_full_unstemmed |
Confounding and Statistical Significance of Indirect Effects: Childhood Adversity, Education, Smoking, and Anxious and Depressive Symptomatology |
title_sort |
confounding and statistical significance of indirect effects: childhood adversity, education, smoking, and anxious and depressive symptomatology |
publisher |
Frontiers Media |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/10037/11412 https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01317 |
geographic |
Tromsø |
geographic_facet |
Tromsø |
genre |
Tromsø |
genre_facet |
Tromsø |
op_relation |
Frontiers in Psychology Sheikh MA. Confounding and Statistical Significance of Indirect Effects: Childhood Adversity, Education, Smoking, and Anxious and Depressive Symptomatology. Frontiers in Psychology. 2017;8 FRIDAID 1483902 doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01317 1664-1078 https://hdl.handle.net/10037/11412 |
op_rights |
openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01317 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Psychology |
container_volume |
8 |
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1766219183003009024 |