Riverine-driven interhemispheric transport of carbon
Contreversy surrounds the role of the ocean in interhemispheric transport of carbon. On one hand, observations in the atmosphere and in the ocean both seem to imply that the preindustrial ocean transported up to 1 Pg Cyr-¹ from the Northern to the Southern Hemisphere. On the other hand, three dimens...
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American Geophysical Union
2001
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ftunivtoulouseoa:oai:oatao.univ-toulouse.fr:3458 2023-05-15T17:40:03+02:00 Riverine-driven interhemispheric transport of carbon Aumont, Olivier Orr, James C. Monfray, Patrick Ludwig, Wolfgang Amiotte Suchet, Philippe Probst, Jean-Luc Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - INRA (FRANCE) Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - IRD (FRANCE) Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris 6 - UPMC (FRANCE) Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux énergies alternatives - CEA (FRANCE) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE) Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UPS (FRANCE) Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines -UVSQ (FRANCE) 2001-06 application/pdf http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/3458/ http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/3458/1/Aumont_3458.pdf http://www.agu.org/pubs/crossref/2001/1999GB001238.shtml en eng American Geophysical Union http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/3458/1/Aumont_3458.pdf Aumont, Olivier and Orr, James C. and Monfray, Patrick and Ludwig, Wolfgang and Amiotte Suchet, Philippe and Probst, Jean-Luc. Riverine-driven interhemispheric transport of carbon. (2001) Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 1 (2). 393-405. info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess Océan Atmosphère Milieux et Changements globaux Ecologie Environnement Global Northern Hemisphere Mauna Loa Southern Hemisphere Transport Carbon Atmosphere Models Erosion Rivers Carbon cycle Boundary conditions Biosphere Stream transport Three-dimensional models Air-sea interface Carbon dioxide Organic carbon Dissolved materials Oceania Polynesia Hawaii Article PeerReviewed info:eu-repo/semantics/article 2001 ftunivtoulouseoa 2019-08-29T11:16:37Z Contreversy surrounds the role of the ocean in interhemispheric transport of carbon. On one hand, observations in the atmosphere and in the ocean both seem to imply that the preindustrial ocean transported up to 1 Pg Cyr-¹ from the Northern to the Southern Hemisphere. On the other hand, three dimensional (3-D) ocean models suggest that global interhemispheric transport of carbon is near zero. However, in this debate, there has been a general neglect of the river carbon loop. The river carbon loop includes (1) uptake of atmospheric carbon due to inorganic and organic erosion on land, (2) transport of carbon by river (3) subsequent transport of riverine carbon by the ocean, and (4) loss of riverine carbon back to the atmosphere by air-sea gas exchange. Although carbon fluxes from rivers are small compared to natural fluxes, they have the potential to contribute substantially to the net air-sea fluxes of CO2. For insignt into this dilemma, we coupled carbon fluxes from a global model of continental erosion to a 3-D global carbon-cycle model of the ocean. With rivers, total southward interhemispheric transport by the ocean increases from 0.1 to 0.35±0.08 Pg Cyr¯¹, in agreement with oceanographic observations. Resulting air-sea fluxes of riverine carbon and uptake of CO2 by land erosion were installed as boundary conditions in a 3-D atmospheric model. The assymetry in these fluxes drives a preindustrial atmospheric gradient of CO2 at the surface of -0.6±0.1 µatm for the North Pole minus the South Pole and longitudinal variations that exceed 0.5 µatm. Conversely, the gradient for Mauna Loa minus South Pole is only -0.2±0.1 µatm, much less than the -0.8 µatm gradient extrapolated linearly from historical atmospheric CO2 measurements from the same two sites. The difference may be explained by the role of the terrestrial biosphere. Regardless, the river loop produces large gradients both meridionally and zonally. Acounting for the river carbon loop changes current estimates of the regional distribution of sources and sinks of CO2, particularly concerning partitioning between natural and anthropogenic processes. Article in Journal/Newspaper North Pole South pole OATAO (Open Archive Toulouse Archive Ouverte - Université de Toulouse) North Pole South Pole |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
OATAO (Open Archive Toulouse Archive Ouverte - Université de Toulouse) |
op_collection_id |
ftunivtoulouseoa |
language |
English |
topic |
Océan Atmosphère Milieux et Changements globaux Ecologie Environnement Global Northern Hemisphere Mauna Loa Southern Hemisphere Transport Carbon Atmosphere Models Erosion Rivers Carbon cycle Boundary conditions Biosphere Stream transport Three-dimensional models Air-sea interface Carbon dioxide Organic carbon Dissolved materials Oceania Polynesia Hawaii |
spellingShingle |
Océan Atmosphère Milieux et Changements globaux Ecologie Environnement Global Northern Hemisphere Mauna Loa Southern Hemisphere Transport Carbon Atmosphere Models Erosion Rivers Carbon cycle Boundary conditions Biosphere Stream transport Three-dimensional models Air-sea interface Carbon dioxide Organic carbon Dissolved materials Oceania Polynesia Hawaii Aumont, Olivier Orr, James C. Monfray, Patrick Ludwig, Wolfgang Amiotte Suchet, Philippe Probst, Jean-Luc Riverine-driven interhemispheric transport of carbon |
topic_facet |
Océan Atmosphère Milieux et Changements globaux Ecologie Environnement Global Northern Hemisphere Mauna Loa Southern Hemisphere Transport Carbon Atmosphere Models Erosion Rivers Carbon cycle Boundary conditions Biosphere Stream transport Three-dimensional models Air-sea interface Carbon dioxide Organic carbon Dissolved materials Oceania Polynesia Hawaii |
description |
Contreversy surrounds the role of the ocean in interhemispheric transport of carbon. On one hand, observations in the atmosphere and in the ocean both seem to imply that the preindustrial ocean transported up to 1 Pg Cyr-¹ from the Northern to the Southern Hemisphere. On the other hand, three dimensional (3-D) ocean models suggest that global interhemispheric transport of carbon is near zero. However, in this debate, there has been a general neglect of the river carbon loop. The river carbon loop includes (1) uptake of atmospheric carbon due to inorganic and organic erosion on land, (2) transport of carbon by river (3) subsequent transport of riverine carbon by the ocean, and (4) loss of riverine carbon back to the atmosphere by air-sea gas exchange. Although carbon fluxes from rivers are small compared to natural fluxes, they have the potential to contribute substantially to the net air-sea fluxes of CO2. For insignt into this dilemma, we coupled carbon fluxes from a global model of continental erosion to a 3-D global carbon-cycle model of the ocean. With rivers, total southward interhemispheric transport by the ocean increases from 0.1 to 0.35±0.08 Pg Cyr¯¹, in agreement with oceanographic observations. Resulting air-sea fluxes of riverine carbon and uptake of CO2 by land erosion were installed as boundary conditions in a 3-D atmospheric model. The assymetry in these fluxes drives a preindustrial atmospheric gradient of CO2 at the surface of -0.6±0.1 µatm for the North Pole minus the South Pole and longitudinal variations that exceed 0.5 µatm. Conversely, the gradient for Mauna Loa minus South Pole is only -0.2±0.1 µatm, much less than the -0.8 µatm gradient extrapolated linearly from historical atmospheric CO2 measurements from the same two sites. The difference may be explained by the role of the terrestrial biosphere. Regardless, the river loop produces large gradients both meridionally and zonally. Acounting for the river carbon loop changes current estimates of the regional distribution of sources and sinks of CO2, particularly concerning partitioning between natural and anthropogenic processes. |
author2 |
Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - INRA (FRANCE) Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - IRD (FRANCE) Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris 6 - UPMC (FRANCE) Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux énergies alternatives - CEA (FRANCE) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE) Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UPS (FRANCE) Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines -UVSQ (FRANCE) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Aumont, Olivier Orr, James C. Monfray, Patrick Ludwig, Wolfgang Amiotte Suchet, Philippe Probst, Jean-Luc |
author_facet |
Aumont, Olivier Orr, James C. Monfray, Patrick Ludwig, Wolfgang Amiotte Suchet, Philippe Probst, Jean-Luc |
author_sort |
Aumont, Olivier |
title |
Riverine-driven interhemispheric transport of carbon |
title_short |
Riverine-driven interhemispheric transport of carbon |
title_full |
Riverine-driven interhemispheric transport of carbon |
title_fullStr |
Riverine-driven interhemispheric transport of carbon |
title_full_unstemmed |
Riverine-driven interhemispheric transport of carbon |
title_sort |
riverine-driven interhemispheric transport of carbon |
publisher |
American Geophysical Union |
publishDate |
2001 |
url |
http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/3458/ http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/3458/1/Aumont_3458.pdf http://www.agu.org/pubs/crossref/2001/1999GB001238.shtml |
geographic |
North Pole South Pole |
geographic_facet |
North Pole South Pole |
genre |
North Pole South pole |
genre_facet |
North Pole South pole |
op_relation |
http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/3458/1/Aumont_3458.pdf Aumont, Olivier and Orr, James C. and Monfray, Patrick and Ludwig, Wolfgang and Amiotte Suchet, Philippe and Probst, Jean-Luc. Riverine-driven interhemispheric transport of carbon. (2001) Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 1 (2). 393-405. |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess |
_version_ |
1766140838227738624 |