Observations of atmospheric chemical deposition to high Arctic snow
Rapidly rising temperatures and loss of snow and ice cover have demonstrated the unique vulnerability of the high Arctic to climate change. There are major uncertainties in modelling the chemical depositional and scavenging processes of Arctic snow. To that end, fresh snow samples collected on avera...
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Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/1807/87374 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-5775-2017 |
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ftunivtoronto:oai:localhost:1807/87374 2023-05-15T14:27:08+02:00 Observations of atmospheric chemical deposition to high Arctic snow Macdonald, Katrina M. Sharma, Sangeeta Toom, Desiree Chivulescu, Alina Hanna, Sarah Bertram, Allan K. Platt, Andrew Elsasser, Mike Huang, Lin Tarasick, David Chellman, Nathan McConnell, Joseph R. Bozem, Heiko Kunkel, Daniel Lei, Ying Duan Evans, Greg J. Abbatt, Jonathan P. D. 2017-05-10 http://hdl.handle.net/1807/87374 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-5775-2017 en_ca eng European Geosciences Union Macdonald K.M., S. Sharma, D. Toom, A. Chivulescu, S. Hanna, A. Bertram, A. Platt, M. Elsasser, L. Huang, N. Chellman, J. R. McConnell, H. Bozem, D. Kunkel, Y. D. Lei, G. J. Evans, J. P. D. Abbatt “Observations of Atmospheric Chemical Deposition to High Arctic Snow” Atm. Chem. and Phys. 17, 5775-5788, doi:10.5194/acp-2016-944, 2017. 1680-7324 http://hdl.handle.net/1807/87374 doi:10.5194/acp-17-5775-2017 Attribution 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ CC-BY Article 2017 ftunivtoronto https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-5775-2017 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2016-944 2020-06-17T12:16:41Z Rapidly rising temperatures and loss of snow and ice cover have demonstrated the unique vulnerability of the high Arctic to climate change. There are major uncertainties in modelling the chemical depositional and scavenging processes of Arctic snow. To that end, fresh snow samples collected on average every 4 days at Alert, Nunavut, from September 2014 to June 2015 were analyzed for black carbon, major ions, and metals, and their concentrations and fluxes were reported. Comparison with simultaneous measurements of atmospheric aerosol mass loadings yields effective deposition velocities that encompass all processes by which the atmospheric species are transferred to the snow. It is inferred from these values that dry deposition is the dominant removal mechanism for several compounds over the winter while wet deposition increased in importance in the fall and spring, possibly due to enhanced scavenging by mixed-phase clouds. Black carbon aerosol was the least effi- ciently deposited species to the snow. Funding of this study was provided as part of the Network on Climate and Aerosols Research (NETCARE), Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC), the government of Ontario through the Ontario Graduate Scholarship (OGS), and Environment and Climate Change Canada. This project would not have been possible without the collaboration of many skilled individuals: Richard Leaitch at Environment Canada and Catherine Philips-Smith and Cheol-Heon Jeong at the University of Toronto. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctic black carbon Climate change Nunavut University of Toronto: Research Repository T-Space Arctic Canada Nunavut Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 17 9 5775 5788 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Toronto: Research Repository T-Space |
op_collection_id |
ftunivtoronto |
language |
English |
description |
Rapidly rising temperatures and loss of snow and ice cover have demonstrated the unique vulnerability of the high Arctic to climate change. There are major uncertainties in modelling the chemical depositional and scavenging processes of Arctic snow. To that end, fresh snow samples collected on average every 4 days at Alert, Nunavut, from September 2014 to June 2015 were analyzed for black carbon, major ions, and metals, and their concentrations and fluxes were reported. Comparison with simultaneous measurements of atmospheric aerosol mass loadings yields effective deposition velocities that encompass all processes by which the atmospheric species are transferred to the snow. It is inferred from these values that dry deposition is the dominant removal mechanism for several compounds over the winter while wet deposition increased in importance in the fall and spring, possibly due to enhanced scavenging by mixed-phase clouds. Black carbon aerosol was the least effi- ciently deposited species to the snow. Funding of this study was provided as part of the Network on Climate and Aerosols Research (NETCARE), Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC), the government of Ontario through the Ontario Graduate Scholarship (OGS), and Environment and Climate Change Canada. This project would not have been possible without the collaboration of many skilled individuals: Richard Leaitch at Environment Canada and Catherine Philips-Smith and Cheol-Heon Jeong at the University of Toronto. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Macdonald, Katrina M. Sharma, Sangeeta Toom, Desiree Chivulescu, Alina Hanna, Sarah Bertram, Allan K. Platt, Andrew Elsasser, Mike Huang, Lin Tarasick, David Chellman, Nathan McConnell, Joseph R. Bozem, Heiko Kunkel, Daniel Lei, Ying Duan Evans, Greg J. Abbatt, Jonathan P. D. |
spellingShingle |
Macdonald, Katrina M. Sharma, Sangeeta Toom, Desiree Chivulescu, Alina Hanna, Sarah Bertram, Allan K. Platt, Andrew Elsasser, Mike Huang, Lin Tarasick, David Chellman, Nathan McConnell, Joseph R. Bozem, Heiko Kunkel, Daniel Lei, Ying Duan Evans, Greg J. Abbatt, Jonathan P. D. Observations of atmospheric chemical deposition to high Arctic snow |
author_facet |
Macdonald, Katrina M. Sharma, Sangeeta Toom, Desiree Chivulescu, Alina Hanna, Sarah Bertram, Allan K. Platt, Andrew Elsasser, Mike Huang, Lin Tarasick, David Chellman, Nathan McConnell, Joseph R. Bozem, Heiko Kunkel, Daniel Lei, Ying Duan Evans, Greg J. Abbatt, Jonathan P. D. |
author_sort |
Macdonald, Katrina M. |
title |
Observations of atmospheric chemical deposition to high Arctic snow |
title_short |
Observations of atmospheric chemical deposition to high Arctic snow |
title_full |
Observations of atmospheric chemical deposition to high Arctic snow |
title_fullStr |
Observations of atmospheric chemical deposition to high Arctic snow |
title_full_unstemmed |
Observations of atmospheric chemical deposition to high Arctic snow |
title_sort |
observations of atmospheric chemical deposition to high arctic snow |
publisher |
European Geosciences Union |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/1807/87374 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-5775-2017 |
geographic |
Arctic Canada Nunavut |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Canada Nunavut |
genre |
Arctic Arctic black carbon Climate change Nunavut |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic black carbon Climate change Nunavut |
op_relation |
Macdonald K.M., S. Sharma, D. Toom, A. Chivulescu, S. Hanna, A. Bertram, A. Platt, M. Elsasser, L. Huang, N. Chellman, J. R. McConnell, H. Bozem, D. Kunkel, Y. D. Lei, G. J. Evans, J. P. D. Abbatt “Observations of Atmospheric Chemical Deposition to High Arctic Snow” Atm. Chem. and Phys. 17, 5775-5788, doi:10.5194/acp-2016-944, 2017. 1680-7324 http://hdl.handle.net/1807/87374 doi:10.5194/acp-17-5775-2017 |
op_rights |
Attribution 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-5775-2017 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2016-944 |
container_title |
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
container_volume |
17 |
container_issue |
9 |
container_start_page |
5775 |
op_container_end_page |
5788 |
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1766300742283427840 |