Late-Glacial and Holocene evolution as a driver of diversity and complexity of the northeastern North American alpine landscapes: A synthesis

• Main Authors: Martin, Jean-Philippe, GERMAIN, Daniel
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: unknown
• Published: NRC Research Press (a division of Canadian Science Publishing) 2016
• Subjects: Ice Sheet
• Online Access: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/72041; http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.1139/cjes-2016-0004

Mid-altitude, mid-latitude mountains are complex environments due to their Pleistocene glacial heritage, the importance of geomorphic processes on the steep slopes, and the climatic conditions which are often close to periglacial. These factors, along with the fragmentation of the alpine habitats, enhance the topographic and floristic diversity of these environments in northeastern North America. Through case studies, this synthesis underlines the interactions between the geosphere (glacial, paraglacial, and periglacial processes), the atmosphere (climatic fluctuations) and the biosphere (vegetation establishment and evolution to the present-day) that explain the low elevation of the northeastern North American alpine environment and that testify to its complexity. Vegetation established earlier in the southern ranges, following the same general trend as the Laurentian Ice Sheet recession. However, local factors such as ice retreat, response to global scale climate changes and paraglacial processes acted in synergy to increase the resilience and to influence the occurrence of alpine landscapes. The establishment of the latter environment can therefore be considered to be azonal. Finally, our findings highlight the lack of a conceptual framework, systemic studies and multi-proxy reconstructions of alpine environments located at the limit of bioclimatic zones controlled by the equilibrium between biostatic and rhexistatic regimes. The accepted manuscript in pdf format is listed with the files at the bottom of this page. The presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the manuscript may differ slightly between what is listed on this page and what is listed in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript; that in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript is what was submitted by the author.