Sources and Fate of Organochlorine Pesticides in North America and the Arctic
Atmospheric transport and air-water exchange of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) were investigated in temperate North America and the Arctic. OCPs studied were hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs, a-, b- and g-isomers), components of technical chlordane (trans- and cis-chlordane, trans-nonachlor), dieldrin...
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ftunivtoronto:oai:localhost:1807/24351 2023-05-15T14:49:21+02:00 Sources and Fate of Organochlorine Pesticides in North America and the Arctic Jantunen, Liisa M. Bidleman, Terry F. Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry NO_RESTRICTION http://hdl.handle.net/1807/24351 en_ca eng http://hdl.handle.net/1807/24351 organochlorine pesticides air-water gas exchange toxaphene hexachlorocyclohexanes 0486 Thesis ftunivtoronto 2020-06-17T11:14:32Z Atmospheric transport and air-water exchange of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) were investigated in temperate North America and the Arctic. OCPs studied were hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs, a-, b- and g-isomers), components of technical chlordane (trans- and cis-chlordane, trans-nonachlor), dieldrin, heptachlor exo-epoxide and toxaphene. Air and water samples were taken on cruises in the Great Lakes and Arctic to determine concentrations and gas exchange flux direction and magnitude. The Henry’s law constant, which describes the equilibrium distribution of a chemical between air and water, was determined for several OCPs as a function of temperature and used to assess the net direction of air-water exchange. Air samples were collected in Alabama to investigate southern U.S. sources of OCPs. Chemical markers (isomers, and enantiomers of chiral OCPs) were employed to infer sources and trace gas exchange. Elevated air concentrations of toxaphene and chlordanes were found in Alabama relative to the Great Lakes, indicating a southern U.S. source. Profiles of toxaphene compounds in air were similar to those in soil by being depleted in easily degraded species, suggesting that soil emissions control air concentrations. Gas exchange fluxes in the Great Lakes indicated near-equilibrium between air and water with excursions to net volatilization or deposition. Net volatilization of a-HCH from the Arctic Ocean was traced by evasion of non-racemic a-HCH into the atmosphere. PhD Thesis Arctic Arctic Ocean University of Toronto: Research Repository T-Space Arctic Arctic Ocean Alabama |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Toronto: Research Repository T-Space |
op_collection_id |
ftunivtoronto |
language |
English |
topic |
organochlorine pesticides air-water gas exchange toxaphene hexachlorocyclohexanes 0486 |
spellingShingle |
organochlorine pesticides air-water gas exchange toxaphene hexachlorocyclohexanes 0486 Jantunen, Liisa M. Sources and Fate of Organochlorine Pesticides in North America and the Arctic |
topic_facet |
organochlorine pesticides air-water gas exchange toxaphene hexachlorocyclohexanes 0486 |
description |
Atmospheric transport and air-water exchange of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) were investigated in temperate North America and the Arctic. OCPs studied were hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs, a-, b- and g-isomers), components of technical chlordane (trans- and cis-chlordane, trans-nonachlor), dieldrin, heptachlor exo-epoxide and toxaphene. Air and water samples were taken on cruises in the Great Lakes and Arctic to determine concentrations and gas exchange flux direction and magnitude. The Henry’s law constant, which describes the equilibrium distribution of a chemical between air and water, was determined for several OCPs as a function of temperature and used to assess the net direction of air-water exchange. Air samples were collected in Alabama to investigate southern U.S. sources of OCPs. Chemical markers (isomers, and enantiomers of chiral OCPs) were employed to infer sources and trace gas exchange. Elevated air concentrations of toxaphene and chlordanes were found in Alabama relative to the Great Lakes, indicating a southern U.S. source. Profiles of toxaphene compounds in air were similar to those in soil by being depleted in easily degraded species, suggesting that soil emissions control air concentrations. Gas exchange fluxes in the Great Lakes indicated near-equilibrium between air and water with excursions to net volatilization or deposition. Net volatilization of a-HCH from the Arctic Ocean was traced by evasion of non-racemic a-HCH into the atmosphere. PhD |
author2 |
Bidleman, Terry F. Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry |
format |
Thesis |
author |
Jantunen, Liisa M. |
author_facet |
Jantunen, Liisa M. |
author_sort |
Jantunen, Liisa M. |
title |
Sources and Fate of Organochlorine Pesticides in North America and the Arctic |
title_short |
Sources and Fate of Organochlorine Pesticides in North America and the Arctic |
title_full |
Sources and Fate of Organochlorine Pesticides in North America and the Arctic |
title_fullStr |
Sources and Fate of Organochlorine Pesticides in North America and the Arctic |
title_full_unstemmed |
Sources and Fate of Organochlorine Pesticides in North America and the Arctic |
title_sort |
sources and fate of organochlorine pesticides in north america and the arctic |
publishDate |
|
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/1807/24351 |
geographic |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Alabama |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Alabama |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Ocean |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean |
op_relation |
http://hdl.handle.net/1807/24351 |
_version_ |
1766320417974255616 |