Noninvasive molecular tracking of colonizing wolf (Canis lupus) packs in the western Italian Alps
We used noninvasive methods to obtain genetic and demographic data on the wolf packs (Canis lupus), which are now recolonizing the Alps, a century after their eradication. DNA samples, extracted from presumed wolf scats collected in the western Italian Alps (Piemonte), were genotyped to determine sp...
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Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/2318/1770124 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-294X.2002.01489.x |
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ftunivtorino:oai:iris.unito.it:2318/1770124 2023-11-05T03:41:06+01:00 Noninvasive molecular tracking of colonizing wolf (Canis lupus) packs in the western Italian Alps Lucchini V. Fabbri E. Marucco F. Ricci S. Boitani L. Randi E. Lucchini V. Fabbri E. Marucco F. Ricci S. Boitani L. Randi E. 2002 http://hdl.handle.net/2318/1770124 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-294X.2002.01489.x eng eng info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/11975702 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/wos/WOS:000175250400001 volume:11 issue:5 firstpage:857 lastpage:868 numberofpages:12 journal:MOLECULAR ECOLOGY http://hdl.handle.net/2318/1770124 doi:10.1046/j.1365-294X.2002.01489.x info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/scopus/2-s2.0-0035999365 info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess Canis lupu Individual molecular tracking Microsatellite Molecular sexing mtDNA control-region Noninvasive genetic Animal Behavior Conservation of Natural Resource DNA Mitochondrial Fece Genetics Population Italy Locus Control Region Microsatellite Repeat Phylogeny Pilot Project Polymerase Chain Reaction Sequence Analysis Sex Chromosome Wolves info:eu-repo/semantics/article 2002 ftunivtorino https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-294X.2002.01489.x 2023-10-10T22:27:46Z We used noninvasive methods to obtain genetic and demographic data on the wolf packs (Canis lupus), which are now recolonizing the Alps, a century after their eradication. DNA samples, extracted from presumed wolf scats collected in the western Italian Alps (Piemonte), were genotyped to determine species and sex by sequencing parts of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control-region and ZFX/ZFY genes. Individual genotypes were identified by multilocus microsatellite analyses using a multiple tubes polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The performance of the laboratory protocols was affected by the age of samples. The quality of excremental DNA extracts was higher in samples freshly collected on snow in winter than in samples that were older or collected during summer. Preliminary mtDNA screening of all samples allowed species identification and was a good predictor of further PCR performances. Wolf, and not prey, DNA targets were preferentially amplified. Allelic dropout occurred more frequently than false alleles, but the probability of false homozygote determinations was always < 0.001. A panel of six to nine microsatellites would allow identification of individual wolf genotypes, also whether related, with a probability of identity of < 0.015. Genealogical relationships among individuals could be determined reliably if the number of candidate parents was 6-8, and most of them had been sampled and correctly genotyped. Genetic data indicate that colonizing Alpine wolves originate exclusively from the Italian source population and retain a high proportion of its genetic diversity. Spatial and temporal locations of individual genotypes, and kinship analyses, suggest that two distinct packs of closely related wolves, plus some unrelated individuals, ranged in the study areas. This is in agreement with field observations. Article in Journal/Newspaper Canis lupus Università degli studi di Torino: AperTo (Archivio Istituzionale ad Accesso Aperto) Molecular Ecology 11 5 857 868 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Università degli studi di Torino: AperTo (Archivio Istituzionale ad Accesso Aperto) |
op_collection_id |
ftunivtorino |
language |
English |
topic |
Canis lupu Individual molecular tracking Microsatellite Molecular sexing mtDNA control-region Noninvasive genetic Animal Behavior Conservation of Natural Resource DNA Mitochondrial Fece Genetics Population Italy Locus Control Region Microsatellite Repeat Phylogeny Pilot Project Polymerase Chain Reaction Sequence Analysis Sex Chromosome Wolves |
spellingShingle |
Canis lupu Individual molecular tracking Microsatellite Molecular sexing mtDNA control-region Noninvasive genetic Animal Behavior Conservation of Natural Resource DNA Mitochondrial Fece Genetics Population Italy Locus Control Region Microsatellite Repeat Phylogeny Pilot Project Polymerase Chain Reaction Sequence Analysis Sex Chromosome Wolves Lucchini V. Fabbri E. Marucco F. Ricci S. Boitani L. Randi E. Noninvasive molecular tracking of colonizing wolf (Canis lupus) packs in the western Italian Alps |
topic_facet |
Canis lupu Individual molecular tracking Microsatellite Molecular sexing mtDNA control-region Noninvasive genetic Animal Behavior Conservation of Natural Resource DNA Mitochondrial Fece Genetics Population Italy Locus Control Region Microsatellite Repeat Phylogeny Pilot Project Polymerase Chain Reaction Sequence Analysis Sex Chromosome Wolves |
description |
We used noninvasive methods to obtain genetic and demographic data on the wolf packs (Canis lupus), which are now recolonizing the Alps, a century after their eradication. DNA samples, extracted from presumed wolf scats collected in the western Italian Alps (Piemonte), were genotyped to determine species and sex by sequencing parts of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control-region and ZFX/ZFY genes. Individual genotypes were identified by multilocus microsatellite analyses using a multiple tubes polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The performance of the laboratory protocols was affected by the age of samples. The quality of excremental DNA extracts was higher in samples freshly collected on snow in winter than in samples that were older or collected during summer. Preliminary mtDNA screening of all samples allowed species identification and was a good predictor of further PCR performances. Wolf, and not prey, DNA targets were preferentially amplified. Allelic dropout occurred more frequently than false alleles, but the probability of false homozygote determinations was always < 0.001. A panel of six to nine microsatellites would allow identification of individual wolf genotypes, also whether related, with a probability of identity of < 0.015. Genealogical relationships among individuals could be determined reliably if the number of candidate parents was 6-8, and most of them had been sampled and correctly genotyped. Genetic data indicate that colonizing Alpine wolves originate exclusively from the Italian source population and retain a high proportion of its genetic diversity. Spatial and temporal locations of individual genotypes, and kinship analyses, suggest that two distinct packs of closely related wolves, plus some unrelated individuals, ranged in the study areas. This is in agreement with field observations. |
author2 |
Lucchini V. Fabbri E. Marucco F. Ricci S. Boitani L. Randi E. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Lucchini V. Fabbri E. Marucco F. Ricci S. Boitani L. Randi E. |
author_facet |
Lucchini V. Fabbri E. Marucco F. Ricci S. Boitani L. Randi E. |
author_sort |
Lucchini V. |
title |
Noninvasive molecular tracking of colonizing wolf (Canis lupus) packs in the western Italian Alps |
title_short |
Noninvasive molecular tracking of colonizing wolf (Canis lupus) packs in the western Italian Alps |
title_full |
Noninvasive molecular tracking of colonizing wolf (Canis lupus) packs in the western Italian Alps |
title_fullStr |
Noninvasive molecular tracking of colonizing wolf (Canis lupus) packs in the western Italian Alps |
title_full_unstemmed |
Noninvasive molecular tracking of colonizing wolf (Canis lupus) packs in the western Italian Alps |
title_sort |
noninvasive molecular tracking of colonizing wolf (canis lupus) packs in the western italian alps |
publishDate |
2002 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/2318/1770124 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-294X.2002.01489.x |
genre |
Canis lupus |
genre_facet |
Canis lupus |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/11975702 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/wos/WOS:000175250400001 volume:11 issue:5 firstpage:857 lastpage:868 numberofpages:12 journal:MOLECULAR ECOLOGY http://hdl.handle.net/2318/1770124 doi:10.1046/j.1365-294X.2002.01489.x info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/scopus/2-s2.0-0035999365 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-294X.2002.01489.x |
container_title |
Molecular Ecology |
container_volume |
11 |
container_issue |
5 |
container_start_page |
857 |
op_container_end_page |
868 |
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1781697387529502720 |