The Effects of Increased pCO 2 and Temperature on the North Atlantic Spring Bloom: I. The Phytoplankton Community and Biogeochemical Response
ABSTRACT: The North Atlantic spring bloom is one of the largest annual biological events in the ocean, and is characterized by dominance transitions from siliceous (diatoms) to calcareous (coccolithophores) algal groups. To study the effects of future global change on these phytoplankton and the bio...
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TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange
2009
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ftunivtennknox:oai:trace.tennessee.edu:utk_micrpubs-1003 2023-05-15T17:28:34+02:00 The Effects of Increased pCO 2 and Temperature on the North Atlantic Spring Bloom: I. The Phytoplankton Community and Biogeochemical Response Feng, Y. Hare, C.E. Leblanc, K. Rose, J.M. Zhang, Y DiTullio, G.R. Lee, P. Wilhelm, Steven Rowe, J.M. Sun, J. Nemcek, N. Gueguen, C. Passow, U. Benner, I. Brown, C. Hutchins, D.A. 2009-01-01T08:00:00Z application/pdf https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_micrpubs/3 https://trace.tennessee.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1003&context=utk_micrpubs unknown TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_micrpubs/3 https://trace.tennessee.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1003&context=utk_micrpubs Microbiology Publications and Other Works ocean acidification global change carbon dioxide temperature coccolithiphores diatoms calcification north atlantic bloom Peer-Reviewed Journal Publications Environmental Microbiology and Microbial Ecology Fresh Water Studies Oceanography text 2009 ftunivtennknox 2022-03-02T20:23:35Z ABSTRACT: The North Atlantic spring bloom is one of the largest annual biological events in the ocean, and is characterized by dominance transitions from siliceous (diatoms) to calcareous (coccolithophores) algal groups. To study the effects of future global change on these phytoplankton and the biogeochemical cycles they mediate, a shipboard continuous culture experiment (Ecostat) was conducted in June 2005 during this transition period. Four treatments were examined: (1) 12°C and 390 ppm CO2 (ambient control), (2) 12°C and 690 ppm CO2 (high pCO2), (3) 16°C and 390 ppm CO2 (high temperature), and (4) 16°C and 690 ppm CO2 (‘greenhouse’). Nutrient availability in all treatments was designed to reproduce the low silicate conditions typical of this late stage of the bloom. Both elevated pCO2 and temperature resulted in changes in phytoplankton community structure. Increased temperature promoted whole community photosynthesis and particulate organic carbon (POC) production rates per unit chlorophyll a. Despite much higher coccolithophore abundance in the greenhouse treatment, particulate inorganic carbon production (calcification) was significantly decreased by the combination of increased pCO2 and temperature. Our experiments suggest that future trends during the bloom could include greatly reduced export of calcium carbonate relative to POC, thus providing a potential negative feedback to atmospheric CO2 concentration. Other trends with potential climate feedback effects include decreased community biogenic silica to POC ratios at higher temperature. These shipboard experiments suggest the need to examine whether future pCO2 and temperature increases on longer decadal timescales will similarly alter the biological and biogeochemical dynamics of the North Atlantic spring bloom. Text North Atlantic Ocean acidification University of Tennessee, Knoxville: Trace |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Tennessee, Knoxville: Trace |
op_collection_id |
ftunivtennknox |
language |
unknown |
topic |
ocean acidification global change carbon dioxide temperature coccolithiphores diatoms calcification north atlantic bloom Peer-Reviewed Journal Publications Environmental Microbiology and Microbial Ecology Fresh Water Studies Oceanography |
spellingShingle |
ocean acidification global change carbon dioxide temperature coccolithiphores diatoms calcification north atlantic bloom Peer-Reviewed Journal Publications Environmental Microbiology and Microbial Ecology Fresh Water Studies Oceanography Feng, Y. Hare, C.E. Leblanc, K. Rose, J.M. Zhang, Y DiTullio, G.R. Lee, P. Wilhelm, Steven Rowe, J.M. Sun, J. Nemcek, N. Gueguen, C. Passow, U. Benner, I. Brown, C. Hutchins, D.A. The Effects of Increased pCO 2 and Temperature on the North Atlantic Spring Bloom: I. The Phytoplankton Community and Biogeochemical Response |
topic_facet |
ocean acidification global change carbon dioxide temperature coccolithiphores diatoms calcification north atlantic bloom Peer-Reviewed Journal Publications Environmental Microbiology and Microbial Ecology Fresh Water Studies Oceanography |
description |
ABSTRACT: The North Atlantic spring bloom is one of the largest annual biological events in the ocean, and is characterized by dominance transitions from siliceous (diatoms) to calcareous (coccolithophores) algal groups. To study the effects of future global change on these phytoplankton and the biogeochemical cycles they mediate, a shipboard continuous culture experiment (Ecostat) was conducted in June 2005 during this transition period. Four treatments were examined: (1) 12°C and 390 ppm CO2 (ambient control), (2) 12°C and 690 ppm CO2 (high pCO2), (3) 16°C and 390 ppm CO2 (high temperature), and (4) 16°C and 690 ppm CO2 (‘greenhouse’). Nutrient availability in all treatments was designed to reproduce the low silicate conditions typical of this late stage of the bloom. Both elevated pCO2 and temperature resulted in changes in phytoplankton community structure. Increased temperature promoted whole community photosynthesis and particulate organic carbon (POC) production rates per unit chlorophyll a. Despite much higher coccolithophore abundance in the greenhouse treatment, particulate inorganic carbon production (calcification) was significantly decreased by the combination of increased pCO2 and temperature. Our experiments suggest that future trends during the bloom could include greatly reduced export of calcium carbonate relative to POC, thus providing a potential negative feedback to atmospheric CO2 concentration. Other trends with potential climate feedback effects include decreased community biogenic silica to POC ratios at higher temperature. These shipboard experiments suggest the need to examine whether future pCO2 and temperature increases on longer decadal timescales will similarly alter the biological and biogeochemical dynamics of the North Atlantic spring bloom. |
format |
Text |
author |
Feng, Y. Hare, C.E. Leblanc, K. Rose, J.M. Zhang, Y DiTullio, G.R. Lee, P. Wilhelm, Steven Rowe, J.M. Sun, J. Nemcek, N. Gueguen, C. Passow, U. Benner, I. Brown, C. Hutchins, D.A. |
author_facet |
Feng, Y. Hare, C.E. Leblanc, K. Rose, J.M. Zhang, Y DiTullio, G.R. Lee, P. Wilhelm, Steven Rowe, J.M. Sun, J. Nemcek, N. Gueguen, C. Passow, U. Benner, I. Brown, C. Hutchins, D.A. |
author_sort |
Feng, Y. |
title |
The Effects of Increased pCO 2 and Temperature on the North Atlantic Spring Bloom: I. The Phytoplankton Community and Biogeochemical Response |
title_short |
The Effects of Increased pCO 2 and Temperature on the North Atlantic Spring Bloom: I. The Phytoplankton Community and Biogeochemical Response |
title_full |
The Effects of Increased pCO 2 and Temperature on the North Atlantic Spring Bloom: I. The Phytoplankton Community and Biogeochemical Response |
title_fullStr |
The Effects of Increased pCO 2 and Temperature on the North Atlantic Spring Bloom: I. The Phytoplankton Community and Biogeochemical Response |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Effects of Increased pCO 2 and Temperature on the North Atlantic Spring Bloom: I. The Phytoplankton Community and Biogeochemical Response |
title_sort |
effects of increased pco 2 and temperature on the north atlantic spring bloom: i. the phytoplankton community and biogeochemical response |
publisher |
TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange |
publishDate |
2009 |
url |
https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_micrpubs/3 https://trace.tennessee.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1003&context=utk_micrpubs |
genre |
North Atlantic Ocean acidification |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic Ocean acidification |
op_source |
Microbiology Publications and Other Works |
op_relation |
https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_micrpubs/3 https://trace.tennessee.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1003&context=utk_micrpubs |
_version_ |
1766121325123862528 |