No coincident nitrate enhancement events in polar ice cores following the largest known solar storms
Knowledge on the occurrence rate of extreme solar storms is strongly limited by the relatively recent advent of satellite monitoring of the Sun. To extend our perspective of solar storms prior to the satellite era and because atmospheric ionization induced by solar energetic particles (SEPs) can lea...
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Online Access: | https://eprints.utas.edu.au/41021/ https://eprints.utas.edu.au/41021/1/122198%20final.pdf https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JD027325 |
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ftunivtasmania:oai:eprints.utas.edu.au:41021 2023-05-15T13:42:40+02:00 No coincident nitrate enhancement events in polar ice cores following the largest known solar storms Mekhaldi, F McConnell, JR Adolphi, F Arienzo, MM Chellman, NJ Maselli, OJ Moy, AD Plummer, CT Sigl, M Muscheler, R 2017 application/pdf https://eprints.utas.edu.au/41021/ https://eprints.utas.edu.au/41021/1/122198%20final.pdf https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JD027325 en eng Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Inc. https://eprints.utas.edu.au/41021/1/122198%20final.pdf Mekhaldi, F, McConnell, JR, Adolphi, F, Arienzo, MM, Chellman, NJ, Maselli, OJ, Moy, AD, Plummer, CT orcid:0000-0002-9765-5753 , Sigl, M and Muscheler, R 2017 , 'No coincident nitrate enhancement events in polar ice cores following the largest known solar storms' , Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, vol. 122, no. 21 , 11,900-11,913 , doi:10.1002/2017JD027325 <http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2017JD027325>. ice cores nitrate solar storms Article PeerReviewed 2017 ftunivtasmania https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JD027325 2022-01-24T23:18:50Z Knowledge on the occurrence rate of extreme solar storms is strongly limited by the relatively recent advent of satellite monitoring of the Sun. To extend our perspective of solar storms prior to the satellite era and because atmospheric ionization induced by solar energetic particles (SEPs) can lead to the production of odd nitrogen, nitrate spikes in ice cores have been tentatively used to document both the occurrence and intensity of past SEP events. However, the reliability of the use of nitrate in ice records as a proxy for SEP events is strongly debated. This is partly due to equivocal detection of nitrate spikes in single ice cores and possible alternative sources, such as biomass burning plumes. Here we present new continuous high-resolution measurements of nitrate and of the biomass burning species ammonium and black carbon, from several Antarctic and Greenland ice cores. We investigate periods covering the two largest known SEP events of 775 and 994 Common Era as well as the Carrington event and the hard SEP event of February 1956. We report no coincident nitrate spikes associated with any of these benchmark events. We also demonstrate the low reproducibility of the nitrate signal in multiple ice cores and confirm the significant relationship between biomass burning plumes and nitrate spikes in individual ice cores. In the light of these new data, there is no line of evidence that supports the hypothesis that ice cores preserve or document detectable amounts of nitrate produced by SEPs, even for the most extreme events known to date. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Greenland Greenland ice cores University of Tasmania: UTas ePrints Antarctic Greenland Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 122 21 11,900 11,913 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Tasmania: UTas ePrints |
op_collection_id |
ftunivtasmania |
language |
English |
topic |
ice cores nitrate solar storms |
spellingShingle |
ice cores nitrate solar storms Mekhaldi, F McConnell, JR Adolphi, F Arienzo, MM Chellman, NJ Maselli, OJ Moy, AD Plummer, CT Sigl, M Muscheler, R No coincident nitrate enhancement events in polar ice cores following the largest known solar storms |
topic_facet |
ice cores nitrate solar storms |
description |
Knowledge on the occurrence rate of extreme solar storms is strongly limited by the relatively recent advent of satellite monitoring of the Sun. To extend our perspective of solar storms prior to the satellite era and because atmospheric ionization induced by solar energetic particles (SEPs) can lead to the production of odd nitrogen, nitrate spikes in ice cores have been tentatively used to document both the occurrence and intensity of past SEP events. However, the reliability of the use of nitrate in ice records as a proxy for SEP events is strongly debated. This is partly due to equivocal detection of nitrate spikes in single ice cores and possible alternative sources, such as biomass burning plumes. Here we present new continuous high-resolution measurements of nitrate and of the biomass burning species ammonium and black carbon, from several Antarctic and Greenland ice cores. We investigate periods covering the two largest known SEP events of 775 and 994 Common Era as well as the Carrington event and the hard SEP event of February 1956. We report no coincident nitrate spikes associated with any of these benchmark events. We also demonstrate the low reproducibility of the nitrate signal in multiple ice cores and confirm the significant relationship between biomass burning plumes and nitrate spikes in individual ice cores. In the light of these new data, there is no line of evidence that supports the hypothesis that ice cores preserve or document detectable amounts of nitrate produced by SEPs, even for the most extreme events known to date. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Mekhaldi, F McConnell, JR Adolphi, F Arienzo, MM Chellman, NJ Maselli, OJ Moy, AD Plummer, CT Sigl, M Muscheler, R |
author_facet |
Mekhaldi, F McConnell, JR Adolphi, F Arienzo, MM Chellman, NJ Maselli, OJ Moy, AD Plummer, CT Sigl, M Muscheler, R |
author_sort |
Mekhaldi, F |
title |
No coincident nitrate enhancement events in polar ice cores following the largest known solar storms |
title_short |
No coincident nitrate enhancement events in polar ice cores following the largest known solar storms |
title_full |
No coincident nitrate enhancement events in polar ice cores following the largest known solar storms |
title_fullStr |
No coincident nitrate enhancement events in polar ice cores following the largest known solar storms |
title_full_unstemmed |
No coincident nitrate enhancement events in polar ice cores following the largest known solar storms |
title_sort |
no coincident nitrate enhancement events in polar ice cores following the largest known solar storms |
publisher |
Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Inc. |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
https://eprints.utas.edu.au/41021/ https://eprints.utas.edu.au/41021/1/122198%20final.pdf https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JD027325 |
geographic |
Antarctic Greenland |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Greenland |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Greenland Greenland ice cores |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Greenland Greenland ice cores |
op_relation |
https://eprints.utas.edu.au/41021/1/122198%20final.pdf Mekhaldi, F, McConnell, JR, Adolphi, F, Arienzo, MM, Chellman, NJ, Maselli, OJ, Moy, AD, Plummer, CT orcid:0000-0002-9765-5753 , Sigl, M and Muscheler, R 2017 , 'No coincident nitrate enhancement events in polar ice cores following the largest known solar storms' , Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, vol. 122, no. 21 , 11,900-11,913 , doi:10.1002/2017JD027325 <http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2017JD027325>. |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JD027325 |
container_title |
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres |
container_volume |
122 |
container_issue |
21 |
container_start_page |
11,900 |
op_container_end_page |
11,913 |
_version_ |
1766170963891716096 |