Roles of wind stress and thermodynamic forcing in recent trends in Antarctic sea ice and Southern Ocean SST: an ocean-sea ice model study
In contrast to a strong decrease in Arctic sea ice extent, overall Antarctic sea ice extent has modestly increased since 1979. Several hypotheses have been proposed for the net Antarctic sea ice expansion, including atmosphere/ocean circulation and temperature changes, sea ice-atmospheric-ocean feed...
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ftunivtasmania:oai:eprints.utas.edu.au:26564 2023-05-15T13:31:53+02:00 Roles of wind stress and thermodynamic forcing in recent trends in Antarctic sea ice and Southern Ocean SST: an ocean-sea ice model study Kusahara, K Williams, GD Massom, RA Reid, P Hasumi, H 2017 https://eprints.utas.edu.au/26564/ unknown Elsevier Science Bv Kusahara, K orcid:0000-0003-4067-7959 , Williams, GD orcid:0000-0003-1769-8356 , Massom, RA, Reid, P and Hasumi, H 2017 , 'Roles of wind stress and thermodynamic forcing in recent trends in Antarctic sea ice and Southern Ocean SST: an ocean-sea ice model study' , Global and Planetary Change, vol. 158 , pp. 103-118 , doi:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2017.09.012 <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2017.09.012>. Antarctic sea ice trend SST wind stress Article PeerReviewed 2017 ftunivtasmania https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2017.09.012 2021-09-13T22:17:34Z In contrast to a strong decrease in Arctic sea ice extent, overall Antarctic sea ice extent has modestly increased since 1979. Several hypotheses have been proposed for the net Antarctic sea ice expansion, including atmosphere/ocean circulation and temperature changes, sea ice-atmospheric-ocean feedback, increased precipitation, and enhanced basal meltwater from ice shelves. Concomitant with this positive trend in Antarctic sea ice, sea surface temperatures (SSTs) over the Southern Ocean south of approximately 45°S have cooled over this period. However, the mechanisms responsible for the Antarctic sea ice expansion and the SST cooling trend remain poorly defined. Here, we conduct comprehensive sensitivity experiments using a coupled ocean-sea ice model with a steady-state ice shelf component in order to investigate the main drivers of recent trends in Antarctic sea ice and SST over the Southern Ocean. The results suggest that Antarctic sea ice expansion is mostly explained by trends in the thermodynamic surface forcing, notably cooling and drying and a reduction in longwave radiation. Similarly, thermodynamic forcing is found to be the main driver of the zonal SST cooling trend. While apparently less influential on sea ice extent and SST, wind stress plays a key role in sea ice motion, thickening coastal sea ice, and thinning and decreasing the concentration of ice in mid-pack regions of the Amundsen-eastern Ross seas and 65–95°E in winter-spring. Furthermore, the model suggests that ocean-ice shelf interaction does not significantly influence the observed trends in Antarctic sea ice coverage and Southern Ocean SST in recent decades. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Arctic Ice Shelf Ice Shelves Sea ice Southern Ocean University of Tasmania: UTas ePrints Arctic Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic Global and Planetary Change 158 103 118 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Tasmania: UTas ePrints |
op_collection_id |
ftunivtasmania |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Antarctic sea ice trend SST wind stress |
spellingShingle |
Antarctic sea ice trend SST wind stress Kusahara, K Williams, GD Massom, RA Reid, P Hasumi, H Roles of wind stress and thermodynamic forcing in recent trends in Antarctic sea ice and Southern Ocean SST: an ocean-sea ice model study |
topic_facet |
Antarctic sea ice trend SST wind stress |
description |
In contrast to a strong decrease in Arctic sea ice extent, overall Antarctic sea ice extent has modestly increased since 1979. Several hypotheses have been proposed for the net Antarctic sea ice expansion, including atmosphere/ocean circulation and temperature changes, sea ice-atmospheric-ocean feedback, increased precipitation, and enhanced basal meltwater from ice shelves. Concomitant with this positive trend in Antarctic sea ice, sea surface temperatures (SSTs) over the Southern Ocean south of approximately 45°S have cooled over this period. However, the mechanisms responsible for the Antarctic sea ice expansion and the SST cooling trend remain poorly defined. Here, we conduct comprehensive sensitivity experiments using a coupled ocean-sea ice model with a steady-state ice shelf component in order to investigate the main drivers of recent trends in Antarctic sea ice and SST over the Southern Ocean. The results suggest that Antarctic sea ice expansion is mostly explained by trends in the thermodynamic surface forcing, notably cooling and drying and a reduction in longwave radiation. Similarly, thermodynamic forcing is found to be the main driver of the zonal SST cooling trend. While apparently less influential on sea ice extent and SST, wind stress plays a key role in sea ice motion, thickening coastal sea ice, and thinning and decreasing the concentration of ice in mid-pack regions of the Amundsen-eastern Ross seas and 65–95°E in winter-spring. Furthermore, the model suggests that ocean-ice shelf interaction does not significantly influence the observed trends in Antarctic sea ice coverage and Southern Ocean SST in recent decades. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Kusahara, K Williams, GD Massom, RA Reid, P Hasumi, H |
author_facet |
Kusahara, K Williams, GD Massom, RA Reid, P Hasumi, H |
author_sort |
Kusahara, K |
title |
Roles of wind stress and thermodynamic forcing in recent trends in Antarctic sea ice and Southern Ocean SST: an ocean-sea ice model study |
title_short |
Roles of wind stress and thermodynamic forcing in recent trends in Antarctic sea ice and Southern Ocean SST: an ocean-sea ice model study |
title_full |
Roles of wind stress and thermodynamic forcing in recent trends in Antarctic sea ice and Southern Ocean SST: an ocean-sea ice model study |
title_fullStr |
Roles of wind stress and thermodynamic forcing in recent trends in Antarctic sea ice and Southern Ocean SST: an ocean-sea ice model study |
title_full_unstemmed |
Roles of wind stress and thermodynamic forcing in recent trends in Antarctic sea ice and Southern Ocean SST: an ocean-sea ice model study |
title_sort |
roles of wind stress and thermodynamic forcing in recent trends in antarctic sea ice and southern ocean sst: an ocean-sea ice model study |
publisher |
Elsevier Science Bv |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
https://eprints.utas.edu.au/26564/ |
geographic |
Arctic Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Arctic Ice Shelf Ice Shelves Sea ice Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Arctic Ice Shelf Ice Shelves Sea ice Southern Ocean |
op_relation |
Kusahara, K orcid:0000-0003-4067-7959 , Williams, GD orcid:0000-0003-1769-8356 , Massom, RA, Reid, P and Hasumi, H 2017 , 'Roles of wind stress and thermodynamic forcing in recent trends in Antarctic sea ice and Southern Ocean SST: an ocean-sea ice model study' , Global and Planetary Change, vol. 158 , pp. 103-118 , doi:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2017.09.012 <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2017.09.012>. |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2017.09.012 |
container_title |
Global and Planetary Change |
container_volume |
158 |
container_start_page |
103 |
op_container_end_page |
118 |
_version_ |
1766021800531066880 |