Effect of water on tholeiitic basalt phase equilibria: an experimental study under oxidizing conditions
To investigate the effect of water on phase relations and compositions in a basaltic system, we performed crystallization experiments at pressures of 100, 200 and 500 MPa in a temperature range of 940 to 1,220C using four different water contents. Depending on the water activity, the oxygen fugacity...
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ftunivtasecite:oai:ecite.utas.edu.au:77414 2023-05-15T17:09:59+02:00 Effect of water on tholeiitic basalt phase equilibria: an experimental study under oxidizing conditions Feig, ST Koepke, J Snow, JE 2006 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-006-0123-2 http://ecite.utas.edu.au/77414 en eng Springer-Verlag http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00410-006-0123-2 Feig, ST and Koepke, J and Snow, JE, Effect of water on tholeiitic basalt phase equilibria: an experimental study under oxidizing conditions, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 152, (5) pp. 611-638. ISSN 0010-7999 (2006) [Refereed Article] http://ecite.utas.edu.au/77414 Earth Sciences Geology Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology Refereed Article PeerReviewed 2006 ftunivtasecite https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-006-0123-2 2019-12-23T23:16:15Z To investigate the effect of water on phase relations and compositions in a basaltic system, we performed crystallization experiments at pressures of 100, 200 and 500 MPa in a temperature range of 940 to 1,220C using four different water contents. Depending on the water activity, the oxygen fugacity varied between 1 and 4 log units above the quartz-magnetite-fayalite buffer. Addition of water to the dry system shifts the solidus > 250C to lower temperatures and increases the amount of melt drastically. For instance, at 1,100C and 200 MPa, the melt fraction increases from 12.5 wt% at a water content of 1.6 wt% to 96.3% at a water content of 5 wt% in the melt. The compositions of the experimental phases also show a strong effect of water. Plagioclase is shifted to higher anorthite contents by the addition of water. Olivine and clinopyroxene show generally higher MgO/FeO ratios with added water, which could also be related to the increasing oxygen fugacity with water. Moreover, water affects the partitioning of certain elements between minerals and melts, e.g., the Ca partitioning between olivine and melt. Plagioclase shows a characteristic change in the order of crystallization with water that may help to explain the formation of wehrlites intruding the lower oceanic crust (e.g., in Oman, Macquarie Island). At 100 MPa, plagioclase crystallizes before clinopyroxene at all water contents. At pressures > 100 MPa, plagioclase crystallizes before clinopyroxene at low water contents (e.g. < 3 wt%), but after clinopyroxene at H2O in the melt > 3 wt%. This change in crystallization order indicates that a paragenesis typical for wehrlites (olivineclinopyroxenewithout plagioclase) is stabilized at low pressures typical of the oceanic crust only at high water contents. This opens the possibility that typical wehrlites in the oceanic crust can be formed by the fractionation and accumulation of olivine and clinopyroxene at 1,060C and > 100 MPa in a primitive tholeiitic basaltic system containing more than 3 wt% water. The comparison of the experimental results with evolution trends calculated by the thermodynamic models MELTS and Comagmat shows that neither model predicts the experimental phase relations with sufficient accuracy. Article in Journal/Newspaper Macquarie Island eCite UTAS (University of Tasmania) Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 152 5 611 638 |
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English |
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Earth Sciences Geology Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology |
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Earth Sciences Geology Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology Feig, ST Koepke, J Snow, JE Effect of water on tholeiitic basalt phase equilibria: an experimental study under oxidizing conditions |
topic_facet |
Earth Sciences Geology Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology |
description |
To investigate the effect of water on phase relations and compositions in a basaltic system, we performed crystallization experiments at pressures of 100, 200 and 500 MPa in a temperature range of 940 to 1,220C using four different water contents. Depending on the water activity, the oxygen fugacity varied between 1 and 4 log units above the quartz-magnetite-fayalite buffer. Addition of water to the dry system shifts the solidus > 250C to lower temperatures and increases the amount of melt drastically. For instance, at 1,100C and 200 MPa, the melt fraction increases from 12.5 wt% at a water content of 1.6 wt% to 96.3% at a water content of 5 wt% in the melt. The compositions of the experimental phases also show a strong effect of water. Plagioclase is shifted to higher anorthite contents by the addition of water. Olivine and clinopyroxene show generally higher MgO/FeO ratios with added water, which could also be related to the increasing oxygen fugacity with water. Moreover, water affects the partitioning of certain elements between minerals and melts, e.g., the Ca partitioning between olivine and melt. Plagioclase shows a characteristic change in the order of crystallization with water that may help to explain the formation of wehrlites intruding the lower oceanic crust (e.g., in Oman, Macquarie Island). At 100 MPa, plagioclase crystallizes before clinopyroxene at all water contents. At pressures > 100 MPa, plagioclase crystallizes before clinopyroxene at low water contents (e.g. < 3 wt%), but after clinopyroxene at H2O in the melt > 3 wt%. This change in crystallization order indicates that a paragenesis typical for wehrlites (olivineclinopyroxenewithout plagioclase) is stabilized at low pressures typical of the oceanic crust only at high water contents. This opens the possibility that typical wehrlites in the oceanic crust can be formed by the fractionation and accumulation of olivine and clinopyroxene at 1,060C and > 100 MPa in a primitive tholeiitic basaltic system containing more than 3 wt% water. The comparison of the experimental results with evolution trends calculated by the thermodynamic models MELTS and Comagmat shows that neither model predicts the experimental phase relations with sufficient accuracy. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Feig, ST Koepke, J Snow, JE |
author_facet |
Feig, ST Koepke, J Snow, JE |
author_sort |
Feig, ST |
title |
Effect of water on tholeiitic basalt phase equilibria: an experimental study under oxidizing conditions |
title_short |
Effect of water on tholeiitic basalt phase equilibria: an experimental study under oxidizing conditions |
title_full |
Effect of water on tholeiitic basalt phase equilibria: an experimental study under oxidizing conditions |
title_fullStr |
Effect of water on tholeiitic basalt phase equilibria: an experimental study under oxidizing conditions |
title_full_unstemmed |
Effect of water on tholeiitic basalt phase equilibria: an experimental study under oxidizing conditions |
title_sort |
effect of water on tholeiitic basalt phase equilibria: an experimental study under oxidizing conditions |
publisher |
Springer-Verlag |
publishDate |
2006 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-006-0123-2 http://ecite.utas.edu.au/77414 |
genre |
Macquarie Island |
genre_facet |
Macquarie Island |
op_relation |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00410-006-0123-2 Feig, ST and Koepke, J and Snow, JE, Effect of water on tholeiitic basalt phase equilibria: an experimental study under oxidizing conditions, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 152, (5) pp. 611-638. ISSN 0010-7999 (2006) [Refereed Article] http://ecite.utas.edu.au/77414 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-006-0123-2 |
container_title |
Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology |
container_volume |
152 |
container_issue |
5 |
container_start_page |
611 |
op_container_end_page |
638 |
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1766066371963125760 |