Antagonism of some cyclohexamine-based drug combinations used for chemical restraint of southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonina)
SUMMARY This study examined the use of 4 antagonists of chemical restraint in mature female southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonina) that were restrained with ketamine and diazepam, ketamine and xylazine, or tiletamine and zolazepam. The antagonists were: 4-aminopyridine, yohimbine, doxapram and s...
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ftunivtasecite:oai:ecite.utas.edu.au:6281 2023-05-15T16:05:39+02:00 Antagonism of some cyclohexamine-based drug combinations used for chemical restraint of southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonina) Woods, R McLean, SR Nicol, SC Burton, H 1995 application/pdf http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/ https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-0813.1995.tb03505.x http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7661816 http://ecite.utas.edu.au/6281 en eng Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd. http://ecite.utas.edu.au/6281/1/06281 Woods.pdf http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-0813.1995.tb03505.x Woods, R and McLean, SR and Nicol, SC and Burton, H, Antagonism of some cyclohexamine-based drug combinations used for chemical restraint of southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonina), Australian Veterinary Journal, 72, (5) pp. 165-171. ISSN 0005-0423 (1995) [Refereed Article] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7661816 http://ecite.utas.edu.au/6281 Medical and Health Sciences Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences Basic Pharmacology Refereed Article PeerReviewed 1995 ftunivtasecite https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-0813.1995.tb03505.x 2019-12-13T20:53:24Z SUMMARY This study examined the use of 4 antagonists of chemical restraint in mature female southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonina) that were restrained with ketamine and diazepam, ketamine and xylazine, or tiletamine and zolazepam. The antagonists were: 4-aminopyridine, yohimbine, doxapram and sarmazenil. The effects of the antagonists on the animal's time to first movement forward and recovery, heart rate, respiratory rate and venous blood gas and pH values, and level of chemical restraint were recorded. Sarmazenil (1.0 mg/kg) and doxapram (5.0 mg/kg) partially antagonised 50:1 ketamine: diazepam (ketamine = 3.0 mg/kg, diazepam = 0.06 mg/kg) and tiletamine and zolazepam (tiletamine = 0.5 mg/kg, zolazepam = 0.5 mg/kg). However, the rapid recovery after low doses of anaesthetics means that antagonism is usually unnecessary, and it may increase the likelihood of shaking. Routine antagonism of ketamine and xylazine (ketamine = 3.0 mg/kg, xylazine = 0.5 mg/kg) is more useful given its usually delayed recovery time and potential for thermoregulatory problems. For this purpose yohimbine (0.06 mg/kg) offered advantages over doxapram in giving a smoother recovery with less aggression. 4-aminopyridine (0.2 mg/kg) prolonged chemical restraint by 100:1 ketamine: diazepam (ketamine = 3.0 mg/kg, diazepam = 0.03 mg/kg) and ketamine and xylazine, and should be contraindicated. Doxapram (5.0 mg/kg) was the most useful general antagonist for all groups of drugs but shaking was seen and a lower dose is recommended. Article in Journal/Newspaper Elephant Seals Mirounga leonina Southern Elephant Seals eCite UTAS (University of Tasmania) Australian Veterinary Journal 72 5 165 171 |
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eCite UTAS (University of Tasmania) |
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language |
English |
topic |
Medical and Health Sciences Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences Basic Pharmacology |
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Medical and Health Sciences Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences Basic Pharmacology Woods, R McLean, SR Nicol, SC Burton, H Antagonism of some cyclohexamine-based drug combinations used for chemical restraint of southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonina) |
topic_facet |
Medical and Health Sciences Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences Basic Pharmacology |
description |
SUMMARY This study examined the use of 4 antagonists of chemical restraint in mature female southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonina) that were restrained with ketamine and diazepam, ketamine and xylazine, or tiletamine and zolazepam. The antagonists were: 4-aminopyridine, yohimbine, doxapram and sarmazenil. The effects of the antagonists on the animal's time to first movement forward and recovery, heart rate, respiratory rate and venous blood gas and pH values, and level of chemical restraint were recorded. Sarmazenil (1.0 mg/kg) and doxapram (5.0 mg/kg) partially antagonised 50:1 ketamine: diazepam (ketamine = 3.0 mg/kg, diazepam = 0.06 mg/kg) and tiletamine and zolazepam (tiletamine = 0.5 mg/kg, zolazepam = 0.5 mg/kg). However, the rapid recovery after low doses of anaesthetics means that antagonism is usually unnecessary, and it may increase the likelihood of shaking. Routine antagonism of ketamine and xylazine (ketamine = 3.0 mg/kg, xylazine = 0.5 mg/kg) is more useful given its usually delayed recovery time and potential for thermoregulatory problems. For this purpose yohimbine (0.06 mg/kg) offered advantages over doxapram in giving a smoother recovery with less aggression. 4-aminopyridine (0.2 mg/kg) prolonged chemical restraint by 100:1 ketamine: diazepam (ketamine = 3.0 mg/kg, diazepam = 0.03 mg/kg) and ketamine and xylazine, and should be contraindicated. Doxapram (5.0 mg/kg) was the most useful general antagonist for all groups of drugs but shaking was seen and a lower dose is recommended. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Woods, R McLean, SR Nicol, SC Burton, H |
author_facet |
Woods, R McLean, SR Nicol, SC Burton, H |
author_sort |
Woods, R |
title |
Antagonism of some cyclohexamine-based drug combinations used for chemical restraint of southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonina) |
title_short |
Antagonism of some cyclohexamine-based drug combinations used for chemical restraint of southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonina) |
title_full |
Antagonism of some cyclohexamine-based drug combinations used for chemical restraint of southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonina) |
title_fullStr |
Antagonism of some cyclohexamine-based drug combinations used for chemical restraint of southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonina) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Antagonism of some cyclohexamine-based drug combinations used for chemical restraint of southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonina) |
title_sort |
antagonism of some cyclohexamine-based drug combinations used for chemical restraint of southern elephant seals (mirounga leonina) |
publisher |
Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd. |
publishDate |
1995 |
url |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/ https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-0813.1995.tb03505.x http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7661816 http://ecite.utas.edu.au/6281 |
genre |
Elephant Seals Mirounga leonina Southern Elephant Seals |
genre_facet |
Elephant Seals Mirounga leonina Southern Elephant Seals |
op_relation |
http://ecite.utas.edu.au/6281/1/06281 Woods.pdf http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-0813.1995.tb03505.x Woods, R and McLean, SR and Nicol, SC and Burton, H, Antagonism of some cyclohexamine-based drug combinations used for chemical restraint of southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonina), Australian Veterinary Journal, 72, (5) pp. 165-171. ISSN 0005-0423 (1995) [Refereed Article] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7661816 http://ecite.utas.edu.au/6281 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-0813.1995.tb03505.x |
container_title |
Australian Veterinary Journal |
container_volume |
72 |
container_issue |
5 |
container_start_page |
165 |
op_container_end_page |
171 |
_version_ |
1766401555860291584 |