In situ lubricant degradation in Antarctic marine sediments 1. Short-term changes
A large-scale, in situ experiment was set up near the Bailey Peninsula area (Casey Station, East Antarctica) to monitor the natural attenuation of synthetic lubricants in marine sediments over five years. Here, we report the short-term changes after 5 and 56 weeks. The lubricants tested were an unus...
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ftunivtasecite:oai:ecite.utas.edu.au:40329 2023-05-15T14:03:55+02:00 In situ lubricant degradation in Antarctic marine sediments 1. Short-term changes Thompson, BAW Davies, NW Goldsworthy, PM Riddle, MJ Snape, I Stark, JS 2006 application/pdf http://www.setac.org/ https://doi.org/10.1897/05-015R.1 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16519295 http://ecite.utas.edu.au/40329 en eng Society for Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry http://ecite.utas.edu.au/40329/1/in situ antarctic lub paper.pdf http://dx.doi.org/10.1897/05-015R.1 Thompson, BAW and Davies, NW and Goldsworthy, PM and Riddle, MJ and Snape, I and Stark, JS, In situ lubricant degradation in Antarctic marine sediments 1. Short-term changes, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 25, (2) pp. 356-366. ISSN 0730-7268 (2006) [Refereed Article] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16519295 http://ecite.utas.edu.au/40329 Chemical Sciences Other Chemical Sciences Environmental Chemistry (incl. Atmospheric Chemistry) Refereed Article PeerReviewed 2006 ftunivtasecite https://doi.org/10.1897/05-015R.1 2019-12-13T21:17:29Z A large-scale, in situ experiment was set up near the Bailey Peninsula area (Casey Station, East Antarctica) to monitor the natural attenuation of synthetic lubricants in marine sediments over five years. Here, we report the short-term changes after 5 and 56 weeks. The lubricants tested were an unused and used Mobil lubricant (0W/40; Exxon Mobil, Irving, TX, USA) and a biodegradable alternative (0W/20; Fuchs Lubricants, Harvey, IL, USA). Clean sediment was collected, contaminated with the lubricants, and deployed by divers onto the seabed in a randomized block design. The sampled sediments were analyzed by gas chromatography-flame-ionization detector and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with selective ion monitoring. The base fluid of all lubricant treatments did not decrease significantly after 56 weeks in situ. Alkanoate esters of 1,1,1-tris(hydroxymethyl)propane in the biodegradable and unused lubricants were degraded extensively in situ; however, these esters constituted only a minor proportion of the lubricant volume. The additives, alkylated naphthalenes and substituted diphenylamines, were fairly resistant to degradation, which is of environmental concern because of their toxicity. The biodegradable lubricant did not break down to recognized biodegradable thresholds and, as such, should not be classified as biodegradable under Antarctic marine conditions. A separate experiment was conducted to determine the influence of sediment preparation and deployment on compound ratios within the lubricants, and we found that preparation and deployment of the contaminated sediments had only a minor effect on compound recovery. Further monitoring of this in situ experiment will provide much needed information about the long-term natural attenuation of lubricants. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica East Antarctica eCite UTAS (University of Tasmania) Antarctic Bailey Peninsula ENVELOPE(110.533,110.533,-66.286,-66.286) Casey Station ENVELOPE(110.528,110.528,-66.282,-66.282) East Antarctica Fuchs ENVELOPE(-68.666,-68.666,-67.233,-67.233) Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 25 2 356 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
eCite UTAS (University of Tasmania) |
op_collection_id |
ftunivtasecite |
language |
English |
topic |
Chemical Sciences Other Chemical Sciences Environmental Chemistry (incl. Atmospheric Chemistry) |
spellingShingle |
Chemical Sciences Other Chemical Sciences Environmental Chemistry (incl. Atmospheric Chemistry) Thompson, BAW Davies, NW Goldsworthy, PM Riddle, MJ Snape, I Stark, JS In situ lubricant degradation in Antarctic marine sediments 1. Short-term changes |
topic_facet |
Chemical Sciences Other Chemical Sciences Environmental Chemistry (incl. Atmospheric Chemistry) |
description |
A large-scale, in situ experiment was set up near the Bailey Peninsula area (Casey Station, East Antarctica) to monitor the natural attenuation of synthetic lubricants in marine sediments over five years. Here, we report the short-term changes after 5 and 56 weeks. The lubricants tested were an unused and used Mobil lubricant (0W/40; Exxon Mobil, Irving, TX, USA) and a biodegradable alternative (0W/20; Fuchs Lubricants, Harvey, IL, USA). Clean sediment was collected, contaminated with the lubricants, and deployed by divers onto the seabed in a randomized block design. The sampled sediments were analyzed by gas chromatography-flame-ionization detector and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with selective ion monitoring. The base fluid of all lubricant treatments did not decrease significantly after 56 weeks in situ. Alkanoate esters of 1,1,1-tris(hydroxymethyl)propane in the biodegradable and unused lubricants were degraded extensively in situ; however, these esters constituted only a minor proportion of the lubricant volume. The additives, alkylated naphthalenes and substituted diphenylamines, were fairly resistant to degradation, which is of environmental concern because of their toxicity. The biodegradable lubricant did not break down to recognized biodegradable thresholds and, as such, should not be classified as biodegradable under Antarctic marine conditions. A separate experiment was conducted to determine the influence of sediment preparation and deployment on compound ratios within the lubricants, and we found that preparation and deployment of the contaminated sediments had only a minor effect on compound recovery. Further monitoring of this in situ experiment will provide much needed information about the long-term natural attenuation of lubricants. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Thompson, BAW Davies, NW Goldsworthy, PM Riddle, MJ Snape, I Stark, JS |
author_facet |
Thompson, BAW Davies, NW Goldsworthy, PM Riddle, MJ Snape, I Stark, JS |
author_sort |
Thompson, BAW |
title |
In situ lubricant degradation in Antarctic marine sediments 1. Short-term changes |
title_short |
In situ lubricant degradation in Antarctic marine sediments 1. Short-term changes |
title_full |
In situ lubricant degradation in Antarctic marine sediments 1. Short-term changes |
title_fullStr |
In situ lubricant degradation in Antarctic marine sediments 1. Short-term changes |
title_full_unstemmed |
In situ lubricant degradation in Antarctic marine sediments 1. Short-term changes |
title_sort |
in situ lubricant degradation in antarctic marine sediments 1. short-term changes |
publisher |
Society for Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry |
publishDate |
2006 |
url |
http://www.setac.org/ https://doi.org/10.1897/05-015R.1 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16519295 http://ecite.utas.edu.au/40329 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(110.533,110.533,-66.286,-66.286) ENVELOPE(110.528,110.528,-66.282,-66.282) ENVELOPE(-68.666,-68.666,-67.233,-67.233) |
geographic |
Antarctic Bailey Peninsula Casey Station East Antarctica Fuchs |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Bailey Peninsula Casey Station East Antarctica Fuchs |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica East Antarctica |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica East Antarctica |
op_relation |
http://ecite.utas.edu.au/40329/1/in situ antarctic lub paper.pdf http://dx.doi.org/10.1897/05-015R.1 Thompson, BAW and Davies, NW and Goldsworthy, PM and Riddle, MJ and Snape, I and Stark, JS, In situ lubricant degradation in Antarctic marine sediments 1. Short-term changes, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 25, (2) pp. 356-366. ISSN 0730-7268 (2006) [Refereed Article] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16519295 http://ecite.utas.edu.au/40329 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1897/05-015R.1 |
container_title |
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry |
container_volume |
25 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
356 |
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1766274800731291648 |