Antarctic sea ice #1: physical role and function
Sea ice comprising frozen seawater in the form of both moving pack ice and stationary coastal landfast ice ( fast ice ) is of major climatic, ecological and societal importance in that it: forms a bright surface that strongly reflects incoming solar radiation (the albedo effect) to moderate the equa...
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ftunivtasecite:oai:ecite.utas.edu.au:154020 2023-05-15T13:42:40+02:00 Antarctic sea ice #1: physical role and function Clem, K Massom, R Stammerjohn, S Reid, P 2022 application/pdf https://environments.aq/publications/antarctic-sea-ice-1-physical-role-and-function/ https://doi.org/10.48361/tqhw-c793 http://ecite.utas.edu.au/154020 en eng SCAR http://ecite.utas.edu.au/154020/1/154020 - Antarctic sea ice 1 - physical role and function.pdf http://dx.doi.org/10.48361/tqhw-c793 Clem, K and Massom, R and Stammerjohn, S and Reid, P, Antarctic sea ice #1: physical role and function, Antarctic Environments Portal, 02 August pp. 1-9. (2022) [Professional, Refereed Article] http://ecite.utas.edu.au/154020 Environmental Sciences Other environmental sciences Other environmental sciences not elsewhere classified Professional, Refereed Article PeerReviewed 2022 ftunivtasecite https://doi.org/10.48361/tqhw-c793 2022-10-24T22:16:50Z Sea ice comprising frozen seawater in the form of both moving pack ice and stationary coastal landfast ice ( fast ice ) is of major climatic, ecological and societal importance in that it: forms a bright surface that strongly reflects incoming solar radiation (the albedo effect) to moderate the equator-to-pole temperature gradient, which in turn influences large-scale atmospheric and oceanic circulation; strongly influences ocean-atmosphere interactions by forming an insulative substrate and physical barrier that reduces and/or modifies air-sea exchanges of heat and water vapour and the transfer of momentum (wind energy) to mix the upper ocean; is a major contributor to global ocean (thermohaline) circulation through the production of dense (cold and salty) water during its formation, leading in places to the generation of Antarctic Bottom Water; modulates the ocean freshwater budget, and regulates the properties and structure of the atmosphere and ocean (including upper-ocean stratification and deep-ocean ventilation); interacts with floating ice-sheet margins (including ice shelves) and influences ice-shelf basal melt and stability and iceberg calving; is a major habitat and crucial component of the marine ecosystem (see Antarctic Sea Ice #2 ); and forms a biogeochemically-active substrate that plays a key role in the atmosphere-ocean exchange, storage and cycling of climate-relevant gases, including carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), dimethyl sulphide (DMS) and methane (CH 4 ) (see Antarctic Sea Ice #2 ). Each year around Antarctica, sea ice transforms a vast area of the surface of the Southern Ocean, covering up to 19-20 million km 2 at its maximum extent in September (~4% of Earths surface) before diminishing to 2-4 million km 2 in February. This remarkable annual cycle has an immense influence on the Southern Ocean environment and beyond. The sea ice also accumulates snowfall, which substantially influences its physical and optical properties, its growth and decay, and its interactions with other parts of the ... Text Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Ice Sheet Ice Shelf Ice Shelves Iceberg* Sea ice Southern Ocean eCite UTAS (University of Tasmania) Antarctic Southern Ocean |
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Environmental Sciences Other environmental sciences Other environmental sciences not elsewhere classified |
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Environmental Sciences Other environmental sciences Other environmental sciences not elsewhere classified Clem, K Massom, R Stammerjohn, S Reid, P Antarctic sea ice #1: physical role and function |
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Environmental Sciences Other environmental sciences Other environmental sciences not elsewhere classified |
description |
Sea ice comprising frozen seawater in the form of both moving pack ice and stationary coastal landfast ice ( fast ice ) is of major climatic, ecological and societal importance in that it: forms a bright surface that strongly reflects incoming solar radiation (the albedo effect) to moderate the equator-to-pole temperature gradient, which in turn influences large-scale atmospheric and oceanic circulation; strongly influences ocean-atmosphere interactions by forming an insulative substrate and physical barrier that reduces and/or modifies air-sea exchanges of heat and water vapour and the transfer of momentum (wind energy) to mix the upper ocean; is a major contributor to global ocean (thermohaline) circulation through the production of dense (cold and salty) water during its formation, leading in places to the generation of Antarctic Bottom Water; modulates the ocean freshwater budget, and regulates the properties and structure of the atmosphere and ocean (including upper-ocean stratification and deep-ocean ventilation); interacts with floating ice-sheet margins (including ice shelves) and influences ice-shelf basal melt and stability and iceberg calving; is a major habitat and crucial component of the marine ecosystem (see Antarctic Sea Ice #2 ); and forms a biogeochemically-active substrate that plays a key role in the atmosphere-ocean exchange, storage and cycling of climate-relevant gases, including carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), dimethyl sulphide (DMS) and methane (CH 4 ) (see Antarctic Sea Ice #2 ). Each year around Antarctica, sea ice transforms a vast area of the surface of the Southern Ocean, covering up to 19-20 million km 2 at its maximum extent in September (~4% of Earths surface) before diminishing to 2-4 million km 2 in February. This remarkable annual cycle has an immense influence on the Southern Ocean environment and beyond. The sea ice also accumulates snowfall, which substantially influences its physical and optical properties, its growth and decay, and its interactions with other parts of the ... |
format |
Text |
author |
Clem, K Massom, R Stammerjohn, S Reid, P |
author_facet |
Clem, K Massom, R Stammerjohn, S Reid, P |
author_sort |
Clem, K |
title |
Antarctic sea ice #1: physical role and function |
title_short |
Antarctic sea ice #1: physical role and function |
title_full |
Antarctic sea ice #1: physical role and function |
title_fullStr |
Antarctic sea ice #1: physical role and function |
title_full_unstemmed |
Antarctic sea ice #1: physical role and function |
title_sort |
antarctic sea ice #1: physical role and function |
publisher |
SCAR |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://environments.aq/publications/antarctic-sea-ice-1-physical-role-and-function/ https://doi.org/10.48361/tqhw-c793 http://ecite.utas.edu.au/154020 |
geographic |
Antarctic Southern Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Southern Ocean |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Ice Sheet Ice Shelf Ice Shelves Iceberg* Sea ice Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Ice Sheet Ice Shelf Ice Shelves Iceberg* Sea ice Southern Ocean |
op_relation |
http://ecite.utas.edu.au/154020/1/154020 - Antarctic sea ice 1 - physical role and function.pdf http://dx.doi.org/10.48361/tqhw-c793 Clem, K and Massom, R and Stammerjohn, S and Reid, P, Antarctic sea ice #1: physical role and function, Antarctic Environments Portal, 02 August pp. 1-9. (2022) [Professional, Refereed Article] http://ecite.utas.edu.au/154020 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.48361/tqhw-c793 |
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1766171445613821952 |