Changing biogeochemistry of the Southern Ocean and its ecosystem implications
The Southern Ocean plays a critical role in regulating global climate as a major sink for atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), and in global ocean biogeochemistry by supplying nutrients to the global thermocline, thereby influencing global primary production and carbon export. Biogeochemical processe...
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ftunivtasecite:oai:ecite.utas.edu.au:150207 2023-05-15T13:42:40+02:00 Changing biogeochemistry of the Southern Ocean and its ecosystem implications Henley, SF Cavan, EL Fawcett, SE Kerr, R Monteiro, T Sherrell, RM Bowie, AR Boyd, PW Barnes, DKA Schloss, IR Marshall, T Flynn, R Smith, S 2020 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.00581 http://ecite.utas.edu.au/150207 en eng Frontiers Research Foundation http://ecite.utas.edu.au/150207/1/150207 - Changing biogeochemistry of the Southern Ocean and its ecosystem implications.pdf http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.00581 Henley, SF and Cavan, EL and Fawcett, SE and Kerr, R and Monteiro, T and Sherrell, RM and Bowie, AR and Boyd, PW and Barnes, DKA and Schloss, IR and Marshall, T and Flynn, R and Smith, S, Changing biogeochemistry of the Southern Ocean and its ecosystem implications, Frontiers in Marine Science, 7 Article 581. ISSN 2296-7745 (2020) [Refereed Article] http://ecite.utas.edu.au/150207 Earth Sciences Oceanography Chemical oceanography Refereed Article PeerReviewed 2020 ftunivtasecite https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.00581 2022-08-29T22:18:40Z The Southern Ocean plays a critical role in regulating global climate as a major sink for atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), and in global ocean biogeochemistry by supplying nutrients to the global thermocline, thereby influencing global primary production and carbon export. Biogeochemical processes within the Southern Ocean regulate regional primary production and biological carbon uptake, primarily through iron supply, and support ecosystem functioning over a range of spatial and temporal scales. Here, we assimilate existing knowledge and present new data to examine the biogeochemical cycles of iron, carbon and major nutrients, their key drivers and their responses to, and roles in, contemporary climate and environmental change. Projected increases in iron supply, coupled with increases in light availability to phytoplankton through increased near-surface stratification and longer ice-free periods, are very likely to increase primary production and carbon export around Antarctica. Biological carbon uptake is likely to increase for the Southern Ocean as a whole, whilst there is greater uncertainty around projections of primary production in the Sub-Antarctic and basin-wide changes in phytoplankton species composition, as well as their biogeochemical consequences. Phytoplankton, zooplankton, higher trophic level organisms and microbial communities are strongly influenced by Southern Ocean biogeochemistry, in particular through nutrient supply and ocean acidification. In turn, these organisms exert important controls on biogeochemistry through carbon storage and export, nutrient recycling and redistribution, and benthic-pelagic coupling. The key processes described in this paper are summarised in the Graphical Abstract. Climate-mediated changes in Southern Ocean biogeochemistry over the coming decades are very likely to impact primary production, sea-air CO 2 exchange and ecosystem functioning within and beyond this vast and critically important ocean region. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Ocean acidification Southern Ocean eCite UTAS (University of Tasmania) Antarctic Southern Ocean Frontiers in Marine Science 7 |
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topic |
Earth Sciences Oceanography Chemical oceanography |
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Earth Sciences Oceanography Chemical oceanography Henley, SF Cavan, EL Fawcett, SE Kerr, R Monteiro, T Sherrell, RM Bowie, AR Boyd, PW Barnes, DKA Schloss, IR Marshall, T Flynn, R Smith, S Changing biogeochemistry of the Southern Ocean and its ecosystem implications |
topic_facet |
Earth Sciences Oceanography Chemical oceanography |
description |
The Southern Ocean plays a critical role in regulating global climate as a major sink for atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), and in global ocean biogeochemistry by supplying nutrients to the global thermocline, thereby influencing global primary production and carbon export. Biogeochemical processes within the Southern Ocean regulate regional primary production and biological carbon uptake, primarily through iron supply, and support ecosystem functioning over a range of spatial and temporal scales. Here, we assimilate existing knowledge and present new data to examine the biogeochemical cycles of iron, carbon and major nutrients, their key drivers and their responses to, and roles in, contemporary climate and environmental change. Projected increases in iron supply, coupled with increases in light availability to phytoplankton through increased near-surface stratification and longer ice-free periods, are very likely to increase primary production and carbon export around Antarctica. Biological carbon uptake is likely to increase for the Southern Ocean as a whole, whilst there is greater uncertainty around projections of primary production in the Sub-Antarctic and basin-wide changes in phytoplankton species composition, as well as their biogeochemical consequences. Phytoplankton, zooplankton, higher trophic level organisms and microbial communities are strongly influenced by Southern Ocean biogeochemistry, in particular through nutrient supply and ocean acidification. In turn, these organisms exert important controls on biogeochemistry through carbon storage and export, nutrient recycling and redistribution, and benthic-pelagic coupling. The key processes described in this paper are summarised in the Graphical Abstract. Climate-mediated changes in Southern Ocean biogeochemistry over the coming decades are very likely to impact primary production, sea-air CO 2 exchange and ecosystem functioning within and beyond this vast and critically important ocean region. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Henley, SF Cavan, EL Fawcett, SE Kerr, R Monteiro, T Sherrell, RM Bowie, AR Boyd, PW Barnes, DKA Schloss, IR Marshall, T Flynn, R Smith, S |
author_facet |
Henley, SF Cavan, EL Fawcett, SE Kerr, R Monteiro, T Sherrell, RM Bowie, AR Boyd, PW Barnes, DKA Schloss, IR Marshall, T Flynn, R Smith, S |
author_sort |
Henley, SF |
title |
Changing biogeochemistry of the Southern Ocean and its ecosystem implications |
title_short |
Changing biogeochemistry of the Southern Ocean and its ecosystem implications |
title_full |
Changing biogeochemistry of the Southern Ocean and its ecosystem implications |
title_fullStr |
Changing biogeochemistry of the Southern Ocean and its ecosystem implications |
title_full_unstemmed |
Changing biogeochemistry of the Southern Ocean and its ecosystem implications |
title_sort |
changing biogeochemistry of the southern ocean and its ecosystem implications |
publisher |
Frontiers Research Foundation |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.00581 http://ecite.utas.edu.au/150207 |
geographic |
Antarctic Southern Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Southern Ocean |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Ocean acidification Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Ocean acidification Southern Ocean |
op_relation |
http://ecite.utas.edu.au/150207/1/150207 - Changing biogeochemistry of the Southern Ocean and its ecosystem implications.pdf http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.00581 Henley, SF and Cavan, EL and Fawcett, SE and Kerr, R and Monteiro, T and Sherrell, RM and Bowie, AR and Boyd, PW and Barnes, DKA and Schloss, IR and Marshall, T and Flynn, R and Smith, S, Changing biogeochemistry of the Southern Ocean and its ecosystem implications, Frontiers in Marine Science, 7 Article 581. ISSN 2296-7745 (2020) [Refereed Article] http://ecite.utas.edu.au/150207 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.00581 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Marine Science |
container_volume |
7 |
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1766171286068789248 |