Defining Southern Ocean fronts and their influence on biological and physical processes in a changing climate

• Published in: Nature Climate Change
• Main Authors: Chapman, CC, Lea, M-A, Meyer, A, Sallee, J-B, Hindell, M
• Format: Text
• Language: English
• Published: Nature Climate Change 2020
• Subjects: Earth Sciences; Oceanography; Biological Oceanography; Southern Ocean
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-020-0705-4; http://ecite.utas.edu.au/137665

The Southern Ocean is a critical component of the global climate system and an important ecoregion that contains a diverse range of interdependent flora and fauna. It also hosts numerous fronts: sharp boundaries between waters with different characteristics. As they strongly influence exchanges between the ocean, atmosphere and cryosphere, fronts are of fundamental importance to the climate system. However, rapid advances in physical oceanography over the past 20 years have challenged previous definitions of fronts and their response to anthropogenic climate change. Here we review the implications of this recent research for the study of climate, ecology and biology in the Southern Ocean. We include a frontal definition users guide to clarify the current debate and aid in future research.