The Antarctic ozone hole during 2015 and 2016

• Published in: Journal of Southern Hemisphere Earth Systems Science
• Main Authors: Tully, MB, Klekociuk, AR, Krummel, PB, Gies, HP, Alexander, SP, Fraser, PJ, Henderson, SI, Schofield, R, Shanklin, JD, Stone, KA
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Australia Bureau of Meteorology 2020
• Subjects: Earth Sciences; Atmospheric sciences; Atmospheric composition; chemistry and processes; Antarctic; The Antarctic; Antarc*
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.1071/ES19021; http://ecite.utas.edu.au/134275

We review the 2015 and 2016 Antarctic ozone holes, making use of a variety ofground-based and space-based measurements of ozone and ultra-violet radiation,supplemented by meteorological reanalyses. The ozone hole of 2015 was one ofthe most severe on record with respect to maximum area and integrated deficitand was notably long-lasting, with many values above previous extremes in October,November and December. In contrast, all assessed metrics for the 2016ozone hole were at or below their median values for the 37 ozone holes since 1979for which adequate satellite observations exist. The 2015 ozone hole was influencedboth by very cold conditions and enhanced ozone depletion caused by stratosphericaerosol resulting from the April 2015 volcanic eruption of Calbuco(Chile).