Reconsidering the role of carbonate ion concentration in calcification by marine organisms
Marine organisms precipitate 0.52.0 Gt of carbon as calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) every year with a profound impact on global biogeochemical element cycles. Biotic calcification relies on calcium ions (Ca 2+ ) and usually on bicarbonate ions (HCO 3 − ) as CaCO 3 substrates and can be inhibited by high...
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ftunivtasecite:oai:ecite.utas.edu.au:133566 2023-05-15T17:50:50+02:00 Reconsidering the role of carbonate ion concentration in calcification by marine organisms Bach, LT 2015 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-4939-2015 http://ecite.utas.edu.au/133566 en eng Copernicus GmbH http://ecite.utas.edu.au/133566/1/133566 - Reconsidering the role of carbonate ion concentration in calcification by marine organisms.pdf http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-4939-2015 Bach, LT, Reconsidering the role of carbonate ion concentration in calcification by marine organisms, Biogeosciences, 12 pp. 4939-4951. ISSN 1726-4170 (2015) [Refereed Article] http://ecite.utas.edu.au/133566 Earth Sciences Oceanography Biological Oceanography Refereed Article PeerReviewed 2015 ftunivtasecite https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-4939-2015 2019-12-13T22:31:18Z Marine organisms precipitate 0.52.0 Gt of carbon as calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) every year with a profound impact on global biogeochemical element cycles. Biotic calcification relies on calcium ions (Ca 2+ ) and usually on bicarbonate ions (HCO 3 − ) as CaCO 3 substrates and can be inhibited by high proton (H + ) concentrations. The seawater concentration of carbonate ions (CO 3 2− ) and the CO 3 2− -dependent CaCO 3 saturation state (Ω CaCO 3 ) seem to be irrelevant in this production process. Nevertheless, calcification rates and the success of calcifying organisms in the oceans often correlate surprisingly well with these two carbonate system parameters. This study addresses this dilemma through the rearrangement of carbonate system equations which revealed an important proportionality between [CO 3 2− ] or Ω CaCO 3 and the ratio of [HCO 3 − ] to [H + ]. Due to this proportionality, calcification rates will always correlate as well with [HCO 3 − ] / [H + ] as they do with [CO 3 2− ] or Ω CaCO 3 when temperature, salinity, and pressure are constant. Hence, [CO 3 2− ] and Ω CaCO 3 may simply be very good proxies for the control by [HCO 3 − ] / [H + ], where [HCO 3 − ] serves as the inorganic carbon substrate and [H + ] functions as a calcification inhibitor. If the "substrateinhibitor ratio" (i.e., [HCO 3 − ] / [H + ]) rather than [CO 3 2− ] or Ω CaCO 3 controls biotic CaCO 3 formation, then some of the most common paradigms in ocean acidification research need to be reviewed. For example, the absence of a latitudinal gradient in [HCO 3 − ] / [H + ] in contrast to [CO 3 2− ] and Ω CaCO 3 could modify the common assumption that high latitudes are affected most severely by ocean acidification. Article in Journal/Newspaper Ocean acidification eCite UTAS (University of Tasmania) Biogeosciences 12 16 4939 4951 |
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eCite UTAS (University of Tasmania) |
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English |
topic |
Earth Sciences Oceanography Biological Oceanography |
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Earth Sciences Oceanography Biological Oceanography Bach, LT Reconsidering the role of carbonate ion concentration in calcification by marine organisms |
topic_facet |
Earth Sciences Oceanography Biological Oceanography |
description |
Marine organisms precipitate 0.52.0 Gt of carbon as calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) every year with a profound impact on global biogeochemical element cycles. Biotic calcification relies on calcium ions (Ca 2+ ) and usually on bicarbonate ions (HCO 3 − ) as CaCO 3 substrates and can be inhibited by high proton (H + ) concentrations. The seawater concentration of carbonate ions (CO 3 2− ) and the CO 3 2− -dependent CaCO 3 saturation state (Ω CaCO 3 ) seem to be irrelevant in this production process. Nevertheless, calcification rates and the success of calcifying organisms in the oceans often correlate surprisingly well with these two carbonate system parameters. This study addresses this dilemma through the rearrangement of carbonate system equations which revealed an important proportionality between [CO 3 2− ] or Ω CaCO 3 and the ratio of [HCO 3 − ] to [H + ]. Due to this proportionality, calcification rates will always correlate as well with [HCO 3 − ] / [H + ] as they do with [CO 3 2− ] or Ω CaCO 3 when temperature, salinity, and pressure are constant. Hence, [CO 3 2− ] and Ω CaCO 3 may simply be very good proxies for the control by [HCO 3 − ] / [H + ], where [HCO 3 − ] serves as the inorganic carbon substrate and [H + ] functions as a calcification inhibitor. If the "substrateinhibitor ratio" (i.e., [HCO 3 − ] / [H + ]) rather than [CO 3 2− ] or Ω CaCO 3 controls biotic CaCO 3 formation, then some of the most common paradigms in ocean acidification research need to be reviewed. For example, the absence of a latitudinal gradient in [HCO 3 − ] / [H + ] in contrast to [CO 3 2− ] and Ω CaCO 3 could modify the common assumption that high latitudes are affected most severely by ocean acidification. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Bach, LT |
author_facet |
Bach, LT |
author_sort |
Bach, LT |
title |
Reconsidering the role of carbonate ion concentration in calcification by marine organisms |
title_short |
Reconsidering the role of carbonate ion concentration in calcification by marine organisms |
title_full |
Reconsidering the role of carbonate ion concentration in calcification by marine organisms |
title_fullStr |
Reconsidering the role of carbonate ion concentration in calcification by marine organisms |
title_full_unstemmed |
Reconsidering the role of carbonate ion concentration in calcification by marine organisms |
title_sort |
reconsidering the role of carbonate ion concentration in calcification by marine organisms |
publisher |
Copernicus GmbH |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-4939-2015 http://ecite.utas.edu.au/133566 |
genre |
Ocean acidification |
genre_facet |
Ocean acidification |
op_relation |
http://ecite.utas.edu.au/133566/1/133566 - Reconsidering the role of carbonate ion concentration in calcification by marine organisms.pdf http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-4939-2015 Bach, LT, Reconsidering the role of carbonate ion concentration in calcification by marine organisms, Biogeosciences, 12 pp. 4939-4951. ISSN 1726-4170 (2015) [Refereed Article] http://ecite.utas.edu.au/133566 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-4939-2015 |
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Biogeosciences |
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12 |
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16 |
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4939 |
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4951 |
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