Sources of heterogeneous variability and trends in Antarctic sea-ice

• Published in: Nature Communications
• Main Authors: Matear, RJ, O'Kane, TJ, Risbey, JS, Chamberlain, M
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Nature Publishing Group 2015
• Subjects: Earth Sciences; Atmospheric Sciences; Climate Change Processes; Antarctic; Pacific; Indian; Antarc*; Sea ice
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms9656; http://ecite.utas.edu.au/118776

While the Northern Hemisphere sea-ice has uniformly declined over the past several decades, the observed sea-ice in the Southern Hemisphere has exhibited regions of increase and decrease. Here we use a comprehensive set of ocean-sea-ice simulations (1990-2007) to elucidate the drivers of the observed heterogeneous sea-ice trends. We show wind variability is an important determinant of the heterogeneous pattern of the variability and trends in Southern Hemisphere sea-ice. Only in the West Pacific region does Southern Annular Mode wind forcing contribute significantly to the trend in sea-ice duration. El Nio Southern Oscillation wind forcing contribution to the sea-ice duration trend is confined to the Atlantic and Pacific. In the Indian Ocean, weather is a significant driver of the sea-ice duration trend. Only in the East Pacific region is wind forcing alone insufficient to give rise to the observed sea-ice decline and must be augmented by warming to reproduce the observations.