Biological introduction risks from shipping in a warming Arctic
1. Several decades of research on invasive marine species have yielded a broad understanding of the nature of species invasion mechanisms and associated threats globally. However, this is not true of the Arctic, a region where ongoing climatic changes may promote species invasion. Here, we evaluated...
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12566 http://ecite.utas.edu.au/117128 |
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ftunivtasecite:oai:ecite.utas.edu.au:117128 2023-05-15T14:27:09+02:00 Biological introduction risks from shipping in a warming Arctic Ware, C Berge, J Jelmert, A Olsen, SM Pellissier, L Wisz, M Kriticos, D Semenov, G Kwasniewski, S Alsos, IG 2016 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12566 http://ecite.utas.edu.au/117128 en eng Blackwell Publishing Ltd http://ecite.utas.edu.au/117128/1/117128 - biological introduction risks from shipping.pdf http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12566 Ware, C and Berge, J and Jelmert, A and Olsen, SM and Pellissier, L and Wisz, M and Kriticos, D and Semenov, G and Kwasniewski, S and Alsos, IG, Biological introduction risks from shipping in a warming Arctic, Journal of Applied Ecology, 53 pp. 340-349. ISSN 0021-8901 (2016) [Refereed Article] http://ecite.utas.edu.au/117128 Biological Sciences Ecology Terrestrial Ecology Refereed Article PeerReviewed 2016 ftunivtasecite https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12566 2019-12-13T22:16:38Z 1. Several decades of research on invasive marine species have yielded a broad understanding of the nature of species invasion mechanisms and associated threats globally. However, this is not true of the Arctic, a region where ongoing climatic changes may promote species invasion. Here, we evaluated risks associated with non-indigenous propagule loads discharged with ships' ballast water to the high-Arctic archipelago, Svalbard, as a case study for the wider Arctic. 2. We sampled and identified transferred propagules using traditional and DNA barcoding techniques. We then assessed the suitability of the Svalbard coast for non-indigenous species under contemporary and future climate scenarios using ecophysiological models based on critical temperature and salinity reproductive thresholds. 3. Ships discharging ballast water in Svalbard carried high densities of zooplankton (mean 1522335 SE individuals m −3 ), predominately comprised of indigenous species. Ballast water exchange did not prevent non-indigenous species introduction. Non-indigenous coastal species were present in all except one of 16 ballast water samples (mean 14467 SE individuals m −3 ), despite five of the eight ships exchanging ballast water en route . 4. Of a total of 73 taxa, 36 species including 23 non-indigenous species were identified. Of those 23, sufficient data permitted evaluation of the current and future colonization potential for eight widely known invaders. With the exception of one of these species, modelled suitability indicated that the coast of Svalbard is unsuitable presently; under the 2100 Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 8.5 climate scenario, however, modelled suitability will favour colonization for six species. 5. Synthesis and applications . We show that current ballast water management practices do not prevent non-indigenous species from being transferred to the Arctic. Consequences of these shortcomings will be shipping-route dependent, but will likely magnify over time: our models indicate future conditions will favour the colonization of non-indigenous species Arctic-wide. Invasion threats will be greatest where shipping transfers organisms across biogeographic realms, and for these shipping routes ballast water treatment technologies may be required to prevent impacts. Our results also highlight critical gaps in our understanding of ballast water management efficacy and prioritization. Thereby, our study provides an agenda for research and policy development. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctic Archipelago Arctic Svalbard Zooplankton eCite UTAS (University of Tasmania) Arctic Svalbard Journal of Applied Ecology 53 2 340 349 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
eCite UTAS (University of Tasmania) |
op_collection_id |
ftunivtasecite |
language |
English |
topic |
Biological Sciences Ecology Terrestrial Ecology |
spellingShingle |
Biological Sciences Ecology Terrestrial Ecology Ware, C Berge, J Jelmert, A Olsen, SM Pellissier, L Wisz, M Kriticos, D Semenov, G Kwasniewski, S Alsos, IG Biological introduction risks from shipping in a warming Arctic |
topic_facet |
Biological Sciences Ecology Terrestrial Ecology |
description |
1. Several decades of research on invasive marine species have yielded a broad understanding of the nature of species invasion mechanisms and associated threats globally. However, this is not true of the Arctic, a region where ongoing climatic changes may promote species invasion. Here, we evaluated risks associated with non-indigenous propagule loads discharged with ships' ballast water to the high-Arctic archipelago, Svalbard, as a case study for the wider Arctic. 2. We sampled and identified transferred propagules using traditional and DNA barcoding techniques. We then assessed the suitability of the Svalbard coast for non-indigenous species under contemporary and future climate scenarios using ecophysiological models based on critical temperature and salinity reproductive thresholds. 3. Ships discharging ballast water in Svalbard carried high densities of zooplankton (mean 1522335 SE individuals m −3 ), predominately comprised of indigenous species. Ballast water exchange did not prevent non-indigenous species introduction. Non-indigenous coastal species were present in all except one of 16 ballast water samples (mean 14467 SE individuals m −3 ), despite five of the eight ships exchanging ballast water en route . 4. Of a total of 73 taxa, 36 species including 23 non-indigenous species were identified. Of those 23, sufficient data permitted evaluation of the current and future colonization potential for eight widely known invaders. With the exception of one of these species, modelled suitability indicated that the coast of Svalbard is unsuitable presently; under the 2100 Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 8.5 climate scenario, however, modelled suitability will favour colonization for six species. 5. Synthesis and applications . We show that current ballast water management practices do not prevent non-indigenous species from being transferred to the Arctic. Consequences of these shortcomings will be shipping-route dependent, but will likely magnify over time: our models indicate future conditions will favour the colonization of non-indigenous species Arctic-wide. Invasion threats will be greatest where shipping transfers organisms across biogeographic realms, and for these shipping routes ballast water treatment technologies may be required to prevent impacts. Our results also highlight critical gaps in our understanding of ballast water management efficacy and prioritization. Thereby, our study provides an agenda for research and policy development. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Ware, C Berge, J Jelmert, A Olsen, SM Pellissier, L Wisz, M Kriticos, D Semenov, G Kwasniewski, S Alsos, IG |
author_facet |
Ware, C Berge, J Jelmert, A Olsen, SM Pellissier, L Wisz, M Kriticos, D Semenov, G Kwasniewski, S Alsos, IG |
author_sort |
Ware, C |
title |
Biological introduction risks from shipping in a warming Arctic |
title_short |
Biological introduction risks from shipping in a warming Arctic |
title_full |
Biological introduction risks from shipping in a warming Arctic |
title_fullStr |
Biological introduction risks from shipping in a warming Arctic |
title_full_unstemmed |
Biological introduction risks from shipping in a warming Arctic |
title_sort |
biological introduction risks from shipping in a warming arctic |
publisher |
Blackwell Publishing Ltd |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12566 http://ecite.utas.edu.au/117128 |
geographic |
Arctic Svalbard |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Svalbard |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Archipelago Arctic Svalbard Zooplankton |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Archipelago Arctic Svalbard Zooplankton |
op_relation |
http://ecite.utas.edu.au/117128/1/117128 - biological introduction risks from shipping.pdf http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12566 Ware, C and Berge, J and Jelmert, A and Olsen, SM and Pellissier, L and Wisz, M and Kriticos, D and Semenov, G and Kwasniewski, S and Alsos, IG, Biological introduction risks from shipping in a warming Arctic, Journal of Applied Ecology, 53 pp. 340-349. ISSN 0021-8901 (2016) [Refereed Article] http://ecite.utas.edu.au/117128 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12566 |
container_title |
Journal of Applied Ecology |
container_volume |
53 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
340 |
op_container_end_page |
349 |
_version_ |
1766300748693372928 |