A comparison of the use of different swab materials for optimal diagnosis of amoebic gill disease (AGD) in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.)

Routine gill swabbing is a non‐destructive sampling method used for the downstream qPCR detection and quantitation of the pathogen Neoparamoeba perurans, a causative agent of amoebic gill disease (AGD). Three commercially available swabs were compared aiming their application for timelier AGD diagno...

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Published in:Journal of Fish Diseases
Main Authors: Fernandez‐Senac, Carolina, Fridman, Sophie, Sokolowska, Jadwiga, Monaghan, Sean J., Garzon, Teresa, Betancor, Monica, Paladini, Giuseppe, Adams, Alexandra, Bron, James E.
Other Authors: Horizon 2020 (Outputs), Institute of Aquaculture, Mowi (Scotland), orcid:0000-0001-5896-8186, orcid:0000-0002-0159-0474, orcid:0000-0002-7692-7756, orcid:0000-0003-1626-7458, orcid:0000-0003-4944-0499, orcid:0000-0003-3544-0519
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2020
Subjects:
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/1893/31643
https://doi.org/10.1111/jfd.13243
http://dspace.stir.ac.uk/bitstream/1893/31643/1/jfd.13243.pdf
id ftunivstirling:oai:dspace.stir.ac.uk:1893/31643
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spelling ftunivstirling:oai:dspace.stir.ac.uk:1893/31643 2023-05-15T15:32:36+02:00 A comparison of the use of different swab materials for optimal diagnosis of amoebic gill disease (AGD) in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) Fernandez‐Senac, Carolina Fridman, Sophie Sokolowska, Jadwiga Monaghan, Sean J. Garzon, Teresa Betancor, Monica Paladini, Giuseppe Adams, Alexandra Bron, James E. Horizon 2020 (Outputs) Institute of Aquaculture Mowi (Scotland) orcid:0000-0001-5896-8186 orcid:0000-0002-0159-0474 orcid:0000-0002-7692-7756 orcid:0000-0003-1626-7458 orcid:0000-0003-4944-0499 orcid:0000-0003-3544-0519 2020-11 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/1893/31643 https://doi.org/10.1111/jfd.13243 http://dspace.stir.ac.uk/bitstream/1893/31643/1/jfd.13243.pdf en eng Wiley Fernandez‐Senac C, Fridman S, Sokolowska J, Monaghan SJ, Garzon T, Betancor M, Paladini G, Adams A & Bron JE (2020) A comparison of the use of different swab materials for optimal diagnosis of amoebic gill disease (AGD) in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.). Journal of Fish Diseases, 43 (11), pp. 1463-1472. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfd.13243 http://hdl.handle.net/1893/31643 doi:10.1111/jfd.13243 32882753 WOS:000565430300001 2-s2.0-85090156685 1658293 http://dspace.stir.ac.uk/bitstream/1893/31643/1/jfd.13243.pdf © 2020 The Authors. Journal of Fish Diseases published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution‐NonCommercial‐NoDerivs License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ CC-BY-NC-ND amoeba calcium alginate diagnostics sodium citrate Journal Article VoR - Version of Record 2020 ftunivstirling https://doi.org/10.1111/jfd.13243 2022-06-13T18:42:20Z Routine gill swabbing is a non‐destructive sampling method used for the downstream qPCR detection and quantitation of the pathogen Neoparamoeba perurans, a causative agent of amoebic gill disease (AGD). Three commercially available swabs were compared aiming their application for timelier AGD diagnosis (Calgiswab® (calcium alginate fibre‐tipped), Isohelix® DNA buccal and cotton wool‐tipped). Calcium alginate is soluble in most sodium salts, which potentially allows the total recovery of biological material, hence a better extraction of target organisms’ DNA. Thus, this study consisted of (a) an in vitro assessment involving spiking of the swabs with known amounts of amoebae and additional assessment of retrieval efficiency of amoebae from agar plates; (b) in vivo testing by swabbing of gill arches (second, third and fourth) of AGD‐infected fish. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments identified an enhanced amoeba retrieval with Calgiswab® and Isohelix® swabs in comparison with cotton swabs. Additionally, the third and fourth gill arches presented significantly higher amoebic loads compared to the second gill arch. Results suggest that limiting routine gill swabbing to one or two arches, instead of all, could likely lead to reduced stress‐related effects incurred by handling and sampling and a timelier diagnosis of AGD. Article in Journal/Newspaper Atlantic salmon Salmo salar University of Stirling: Stirling Digital Research Repository Journal of Fish Diseases 43 11 1463 1472
institution Open Polar
collection University of Stirling: Stirling Digital Research Repository
op_collection_id ftunivstirling
language English
topic amoeba
calcium alginate
diagnostics
sodium citrate
spellingShingle amoeba
calcium alginate
diagnostics
sodium citrate
Fernandez‐Senac, Carolina
Fridman, Sophie
Sokolowska, Jadwiga
Monaghan, Sean J.
Garzon, Teresa
Betancor, Monica
Paladini, Giuseppe
Adams, Alexandra
Bron, James E.
A comparison of the use of different swab materials for optimal diagnosis of amoebic gill disease (AGD) in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.)
topic_facet amoeba
calcium alginate
diagnostics
sodium citrate
description Routine gill swabbing is a non‐destructive sampling method used for the downstream qPCR detection and quantitation of the pathogen Neoparamoeba perurans, a causative agent of amoebic gill disease (AGD). Three commercially available swabs were compared aiming their application for timelier AGD diagnosis (Calgiswab® (calcium alginate fibre‐tipped), Isohelix® DNA buccal and cotton wool‐tipped). Calcium alginate is soluble in most sodium salts, which potentially allows the total recovery of biological material, hence a better extraction of target organisms’ DNA. Thus, this study consisted of (a) an in vitro assessment involving spiking of the swabs with known amounts of amoebae and additional assessment of retrieval efficiency of amoebae from agar plates; (b) in vivo testing by swabbing of gill arches (second, third and fourth) of AGD‐infected fish. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments identified an enhanced amoeba retrieval with Calgiswab® and Isohelix® swabs in comparison with cotton swabs. Additionally, the third and fourth gill arches presented significantly higher amoebic loads compared to the second gill arch. Results suggest that limiting routine gill swabbing to one or two arches, instead of all, could likely lead to reduced stress‐related effects incurred by handling and sampling and a timelier diagnosis of AGD.
author2 Horizon 2020 (Outputs)
Institute of Aquaculture
Mowi (Scotland)
orcid:0000-0001-5896-8186
orcid:0000-0002-0159-0474
orcid:0000-0002-7692-7756
orcid:0000-0003-1626-7458
orcid:0000-0003-4944-0499
orcid:0000-0003-3544-0519
format Article in Journal/Newspaper
author Fernandez‐Senac, Carolina
Fridman, Sophie
Sokolowska, Jadwiga
Monaghan, Sean J.
Garzon, Teresa
Betancor, Monica
Paladini, Giuseppe
Adams, Alexandra
Bron, James E.
author_facet Fernandez‐Senac, Carolina
Fridman, Sophie
Sokolowska, Jadwiga
Monaghan, Sean J.
Garzon, Teresa
Betancor, Monica
Paladini, Giuseppe
Adams, Alexandra
Bron, James E.
author_sort Fernandez‐Senac, Carolina
title A comparison of the use of different swab materials for optimal diagnosis of amoebic gill disease (AGD) in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.)
title_short A comparison of the use of different swab materials for optimal diagnosis of amoebic gill disease (AGD) in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.)
title_full A comparison of the use of different swab materials for optimal diagnosis of amoebic gill disease (AGD) in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.)
title_fullStr A comparison of the use of different swab materials for optimal diagnosis of amoebic gill disease (AGD) in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.)
title_full_unstemmed A comparison of the use of different swab materials for optimal diagnosis of amoebic gill disease (AGD) in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.)
title_sort comparison of the use of different swab materials for optimal diagnosis of amoebic gill disease (agd) in atlantic salmon (salmo salar l.)
publisher Wiley
publishDate 2020
url http://hdl.handle.net/1893/31643
https://doi.org/10.1111/jfd.13243
http://dspace.stir.ac.uk/bitstream/1893/31643/1/jfd.13243.pdf
genre Atlantic salmon
Salmo salar
genre_facet Atlantic salmon
Salmo salar
op_relation Fernandez‐Senac C, Fridman S, Sokolowska J, Monaghan SJ, Garzon T, Betancor M, Paladini G, Adams A & Bron JE (2020) A comparison of the use of different swab materials for optimal diagnosis of amoebic gill disease (AGD) in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.). Journal of Fish Diseases, 43 (11), pp. 1463-1472. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfd.13243
http://hdl.handle.net/1893/31643
doi:10.1111/jfd.13243
32882753
WOS:000565430300001
2-s2.0-85090156685
1658293
http://dspace.stir.ac.uk/bitstream/1893/31643/1/jfd.13243.pdf
op_rights © 2020 The Authors. Journal of Fish Diseases published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution‐NonCommercial‐NoDerivs License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
op_rightsnorm CC-BY-NC-ND
op_doi https://doi.org/10.1111/jfd.13243
container_title Journal of Fish Diseases
container_volume 43
container_issue 11
container_start_page 1463
op_container_end_page 1472
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