Lipid Homeostasis in Farmed Fish: Role of Peroxisome-Proliferator Activated Receptor-Gamma (PPARg)
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are ligand-activated transcription factors that belong to the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily. Three PPARs (PPARα, PPARβ and PPARγ) exist in mammals, and all are activated by binding lipid molecules, including fatty acids and their derivatives...
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University of Stirling
2019
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Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/1893/30009 http://dspace.stir.ac.uk/bitstream/1893/30009/1/AqilahJ_FinalThesis.pdf |
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ftunivstirling:oai:dspace.stir.ac.uk:1893/30009 2023-05-15T15:32:11+02:00 Lipid Homeostasis in Farmed Fish: Role of Peroxisome-Proliferator Activated Receptor-Gamma (PPARg) Junaidi, Aqilah Leaver, Michael J Tocher, Douglas R The Government of Brunei Darussalam 2019-01-28 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/1893/30009 http://dspace.stir.ac.uk/bitstream/1893/30009/1/AqilahJ_FinalThesis.pdf en eng University of Stirling http://hdl.handle.net/1893/30009 http://dspace.stir.ac.uk/bitstream/1893/30009/1/AqilahJ_FinalThesis.pdf Lipid homeostasis lipid fatty acids lipid extraction nuclear hormone receptor family transcription factor PPAR PPARγ ligand activators aquaculture fish cell lines cell culture CHSE-214 Atlantic salmon genome glucosylceramide sphingolipid Fishes Health Fish culture Welfare of farmed fish Lipoproteins Fish Homeostasis Thesis or Dissertation Doctoral Doctor of Philosophy 2019 ftunivstirling 2022-06-13T18:45:36Z Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are ligand-activated transcription factors that belong to the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily. Three PPARs (PPARα, PPARβ and PPARγ) exist in mammals, and all are activated by binding lipid molecules, including fatty acids and their derivatives, and also by synthetic drug ligands. Together, these three receptors are critical regulators of lipid and energy homeostasis in mammals. PPARγ is a central factor in fat uptake and storage and is required for adipocyte differentiation. Fish are now known to have homologues of the three PPAR isotypes, although in many species there is more than one representative of each. Piscine PPARγ is of particular interest in finfish aquaculture, since under aquaculture conditions fish often accumulate excess visceral and hepatic fat. This can affect the health and welfare of the fish, and also represents an economic waste of valuable resources that might otherwise be channelled into growth. However, piscine PPARγ has some important structural differences to the mammalian counterpart, and is not activated by fatty acids or synthetic ligands. Although presumed to have an important role in fat accumulation, further research on piscine PPARγ has been hampered by this failure to identify of activating compounds. The aim of this project is to identify activators for piscine PPARγ, and then to discover the effects of PPARγ activation on fish lipid and energy metabolism. In addition, given the variability in numbers of PPAR genes in fish species, the PPAR complement of the salmon genome was investigated. Atlantic salmon is an important aquaculture species and unlike most other vertebrates, was found to contain two PPARγ genes with distinct tissue expression profiles. To discover activating compounds for fish PPARγ, total lipid was extracted from salmon liver tissue and fractionated into different lipid classes. Lipid fractions obtained were then tested in a high-throughput cell-based transactivation screen for fish PPAR activity in a ... Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis Atlantic salmon University of Stirling: Stirling Digital Research Repository |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Stirling: Stirling Digital Research Repository |
op_collection_id |
ftunivstirling |
language |
English |
topic |
Lipid homeostasis lipid fatty acids lipid extraction nuclear hormone receptor family transcription factor PPAR PPARγ ligand activators aquaculture fish cell lines cell culture CHSE-214 Atlantic salmon genome glucosylceramide sphingolipid Fishes Health Fish culture Welfare of farmed fish Lipoproteins Fish Homeostasis |
spellingShingle |
Lipid homeostasis lipid fatty acids lipid extraction nuclear hormone receptor family transcription factor PPAR PPARγ ligand activators aquaculture fish cell lines cell culture CHSE-214 Atlantic salmon genome glucosylceramide sphingolipid Fishes Health Fish culture Welfare of farmed fish Lipoproteins Fish Homeostasis Junaidi, Aqilah Lipid Homeostasis in Farmed Fish: Role of Peroxisome-Proliferator Activated Receptor-Gamma (PPARg) |
topic_facet |
Lipid homeostasis lipid fatty acids lipid extraction nuclear hormone receptor family transcription factor PPAR PPARγ ligand activators aquaculture fish cell lines cell culture CHSE-214 Atlantic salmon genome glucosylceramide sphingolipid Fishes Health Fish culture Welfare of farmed fish Lipoproteins Fish Homeostasis |
description |
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are ligand-activated transcription factors that belong to the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily. Three PPARs (PPARα, PPARβ and PPARγ) exist in mammals, and all are activated by binding lipid molecules, including fatty acids and their derivatives, and also by synthetic drug ligands. Together, these three receptors are critical regulators of lipid and energy homeostasis in mammals. PPARγ is a central factor in fat uptake and storage and is required for adipocyte differentiation. Fish are now known to have homologues of the three PPAR isotypes, although in many species there is more than one representative of each. Piscine PPARγ is of particular interest in finfish aquaculture, since under aquaculture conditions fish often accumulate excess visceral and hepatic fat. This can affect the health and welfare of the fish, and also represents an economic waste of valuable resources that might otherwise be channelled into growth. However, piscine PPARγ has some important structural differences to the mammalian counterpart, and is not activated by fatty acids or synthetic ligands. Although presumed to have an important role in fat accumulation, further research on piscine PPARγ has been hampered by this failure to identify of activating compounds. The aim of this project is to identify activators for piscine PPARγ, and then to discover the effects of PPARγ activation on fish lipid and energy metabolism. In addition, given the variability in numbers of PPAR genes in fish species, the PPAR complement of the salmon genome was investigated. Atlantic salmon is an important aquaculture species and unlike most other vertebrates, was found to contain two PPARγ genes with distinct tissue expression profiles. To discover activating compounds for fish PPARγ, total lipid was extracted from salmon liver tissue and fractionated into different lipid classes. Lipid fractions obtained were then tested in a high-throughput cell-based transactivation screen for fish PPAR activity in a ... |
author2 |
Leaver, Michael J Tocher, Douglas R The Government of Brunei Darussalam |
format |
Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
author |
Junaidi, Aqilah |
author_facet |
Junaidi, Aqilah |
author_sort |
Junaidi, Aqilah |
title |
Lipid Homeostasis in Farmed Fish: Role of Peroxisome-Proliferator Activated Receptor-Gamma (PPARg) |
title_short |
Lipid Homeostasis in Farmed Fish: Role of Peroxisome-Proliferator Activated Receptor-Gamma (PPARg) |
title_full |
Lipid Homeostasis in Farmed Fish: Role of Peroxisome-Proliferator Activated Receptor-Gamma (PPARg) |
title_fullStr |
Lipid Homeostasis in Farmed Fish: Role of Peroxisome-Proliferator Activated Receptor-Gamma (PPARg) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Lipid Homeostasis in Farmed Fish: Role of Peroxisome-Proliferator Activated Receptor-Gamma (PPARg) |
title_sort |
lipid homeostasis in farmed fish: role of peroxisome-proliferator activated receptor-gamma (pparg) |
publisher |
University of Stirling |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/1893/30009 http://dspace.stir.ac.uk/bitstream/1893/30009/1/AqilahJ_FinalThesis.pdf |
genre |
Atlantic salmon |
genre_facet |
Atlantic salmon |
op_relation |
http://hdl.handle.net/1893/30009 http://dspace.stir.ac.uk/bitstream/1893/30009/1/AqilahJ_FinalThesis.pdf |
_version_ |
1766362681649922048 |