Effects of diets containing vegetable oil on expression of genes involved in highly unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis in liver of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)
Fish are an important dietary source of the long-chain C20 and C22 highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA), arachidonate (20:4n-6), eicosapentaenoate (20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoate (22:6n-3), that are crucial to the health of higher vertebrates and that can be beneficial in human diets. Δ5 and Δ6 fatt...
Published in: | Aquaculture |
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Main Authors: | , , , , |
Other Authors: | , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2004
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Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/1893/2906 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2004.02.003 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00448486 http://dspace.stir.ac.uk/bitstream/1893/2906/1/RAFOA%201%20HUFA%20synth%20%28final%29.pdf |
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ftunivstirling:oai:dspace.stir.ac.uk:1893/2906 |
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record_format |
openpolar |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Stirling: Stirling Digital Research Repository |
op_collection_id |
ftunivstirling |
language |
English |
topic |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar Fish oil Vegetable oil Linseed oil Lipid metabolism Fatty acid metabolism Polyunsaturated fatty acids Biosynthesis Gene expression QPCR Desaturase Elongase Fishes Nutrition Fishes Quality Fishes Feeding and feeds Vegetable oils |
spellingShingle |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar Fish oil Vegetable oil Linseed oil Lipid metabolism Fatty acid metabolism Polyunsaturated fatty acids Biosynthesis Gene expression QPCR Desaturase Elongase Fishes Nutrition Fishes Quality Fishes Feeding and feeds Vegetable oils Zheng, Xiaozhong Tocher, Douglas R Dickson, Cathryn Bell, J Gordon Teale, Alan J Effects of diets containing vegetable oil on expression of genes involved in highly unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis in liver of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) |
topic_facet |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar Fish oil Vegetable oil Linseed oil Lipid metabolism Fatty acid metabolism Polyunsaturated fatty acids Biosynthesis Gene expression QPCR Desaturase Elongase Fishes Nutrition Fishes Quality Fishes Feeding and feeds Vegetable oils |
description |
Fish are an important dietary source of the long-chain C20 and C22 highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA), arachidonate (20:4n-6), eicosapentaenoate (20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoate (22:6n-3), that are crucial to the health of higher vertebrates and that can be beneficial in human diets. Δ5 and Δ6 fatty acid desaturases, and fatty acid elongases are critical enzymes in the biosynthetic pathways of HUFA from shorter chain C18 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) such as linoleic (18:2n-6) and α-linolenic (18:3n-3) acids. Recently, full-length cDNAs for fatty acid desaturase and elongase enzymes have been cloned from Atlantic salmon. Functional characterisation of the desaturase revealed n-3 Δ5 desaturase activity, whereas the elongase had broad substrate specificity for PUFA with a range of chain lengths from C18 to C22. The study described here was primarily focused on the nutritional regulation of genes involved in the HUFA biosynthetic pathway in Atlantic salmon. A feeding trial was performed whereby salmon smolts in seawater pens were fed for 40 weeks on five different diets. The diets consisted of a control diet containing fish oil (FO) and four diets in which the FO was replaced in a graded manner by linseed oil (LO). Specifically, in terms of added oils, the five diets were 100% FO (FO), 100%LO (LO100) and FO/LO in ratios of 3:1 (LO25), 1:1 (LO50) and 1:3 (LO75). Fish were sampled at 20 and 40 weeks, and samples of liver were collected for lipid analyses and total RNA extraction. Hepatocytes were also prepared and the activity of the HUFA biosynthetic pathway determined. Expression of fatty acid desaturase and elongase genes was determined by quantitative real time PCR and the ratio of the copy number of the targeted gene against that of β-actin was calculated. The results showed that after 20 weeks of feeding, desaturase and elongase gene expression in liver was increased in a graded manner by increasing dietary LO. Expression of both genes was positively and negatively correlated with dietary 18:3n-3 and n-3 ... |
author2 |
Institute of Aquaculture University of Stirling orcid:0000-0002-8603-9410 |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Zheng, Xiaozhong Tocher, Douglas R Dickson, Cathryn Bell, J Gordon Teale, Alan J |
author_facet |
Zheng, Xiaozhong Tocher, Douglas R Dickson, Cathryn Bell, J Gordon Teale, Alan J |
author_sort |
Zheng, Xiaozhong |
title |
Effects of diets containing vegetable oil on expression of genes involved in highly unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis in liver of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) |
title_short |
Effects of diets containing vegetable oil on expression of genes involved in highly unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis in liver of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) |
title_full |
Effects of diets containing vegetable oil on expression of genes involved in highly unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis in liver of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) |
title_fullStr |
Effects of diets containing vegetable oil on expression of genes involved in highly unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis in liver of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Effects of diets containing vegetable oil on expression of genes involved in highly unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis in liver of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) |
title_sort |
effects of diets containing vegetable oil on expression of genes involved in highly unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis in liver of atlantic salmon (salmo salar) |
publisher |
Elsevier |
publishDate |
2004 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/1893/2906 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2004.02.003 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00448486 http://dspace.stir.ac.uk/bitstream/1893/2906/1/RAFOA%201%20HUFA%20synth%20%28final%29.pdf |
genre |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
genre_facet |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
op_relation |
Zheng X, Tocher DR, Dickson C, Bell JG & Teale AJ (2004) Effects of diets containing vegetable oil on expression of genes involved in highly unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis in liver of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Aquaculture, 236 (41000), pp. 467-483. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00448486; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2004.02.003 http://hdl.handle.net/1893/2906 doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2004.02.003 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00448486 WOS:000221946500036 2-s2.0-2442490876 839028 http://dspace.stir.ac.uk/bitstream/1893/2906/1/RAFOA%201%20HUFA%20synth%20%28final%29.pdf |
op_rights |
Published in Aquaculture by Elsevier. Aquaculture, Volume 236, Issues 1-4, June 2004, pp. 467 - 483; This is the peer reviewed version of this article.; NOTICE: this is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Aquaculture. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Aquaculture, VOL 236, ISSUE 1-4, June 2004. DOI 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2004.02.003 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2004.02.003 |
container_title |
Aquaculture |
container_volume |
236 |
container_issue |
1-4 |
container_start_page |
467 |
op_container_end_page |
483 |
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1800748059065319424 |
spelling |
ftunivstirling:oai:dspace.stir.ac.uk:1893/2906 2024-06-02T08:03:31+00:00 Effects of diets containing vegetable oil on expression of genes involved in highly unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis in liver of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) Zheng, Xiaozhong Tocher, Douglas R Dickson, Cathryn Bell, J Gordon Teale, Alan J Institute of Aquaculture University of Stirling orcid:0000-0002-8603-9410 2004-06 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/1893/2906 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2004.02.003 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00448486 http://dspace.stir.ac.uk/bitstream/1893/2906/1/RAFOA%201%20HUFA%20synth%20%28final%29.pdf en eng Elsevier Zheng X, Tocher DR, Dickson C, Bell JG & Teale AJ (2004) Effects of diets containing vegetable oil on expression of genes involved in highly unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis in liver of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Aquaculture, 236 (41000), pp. 467-483. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00448486; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2004.02.003 http://hdl.handle.net/1893/2906 doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2004.02.003 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00448486 WOS:000221946500036 2-s2.0-2442490876 839028 http://dspace.stir.ac.uk/bitstream/1893/2906/1/RAFOA%201%20HUFA%20synth%20%28final%29.pdf Published in Aquaculture by Elsevier. Aquaculture, Volume 236, Issues 1-4, June 2004, pp. 467 - 483; This is the peer reviewed version of this article.; NOTICE: this is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Aquaculture. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Aquaculture, VOL 236, ISSUE 1-4, June 2004. DOI 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2004.02.003 Atlantic salmon Salmo salar Fish oil Vegetable oil Linseed oil Lipid metabolism Fatty acid metabolism Polyunsaturated fatty acids Biosynthesis Gene expression QPCR Desaturase Elongase Fishes Nutrition Fishes Quality Fishes Feeding and feeds Vegetable oils Journal Article AM - Accepted Manuscript 2004 ftunivstirling https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2004.02.003 2024-05-07T04:30:11Z Fish are an important dietary source of the long-chain C20 and C22 highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA), arachidonate (20:4n-6), eicosapentaenoate (20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoate (22:6n-3), that are crucial to the health of higher vertebrates and that can be beneficial in human diets. Δ5 and Δ6 fatty acid desaturases, and fatty acid elongases are critical enzymes in the biosynthetic pathways of HUFA from shorter chain C18 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) such as linoleic (18:2n-6) and α-linolenic (18:3n-3) acids. Recently, full-length cDNAs for fatty acid desaturase and elongase enzymes have been cloned from Atlantic salmon. Functional characterisation of the desaturase revealed n-3 Δ5 desaturase activity, whereas the elongase had broad substrate specificity for PUFA with a range of chain lengths from C18 to C22. The study described here was primarily focused on the nutritional regulation of genes involved in the HUFA biosynthetic pathway in Atlantic salmon. A feeding trial was performed whereby salmon smolts in seawater pens were fed for 40 weeks on five different diets. The diets consisted of a control diet containing fish oil (FO) and four diets in which the FO was replaced in a graded manner by linseed oil (LO). Specifically, in terms of added oils, the five diets were 100% FO (FO), 100%LO (LO100) and FO/LO in ratios of 3:1 (LO25), 1:1 (LO50) and 1:3 (LO75). Fish were sampled at 20 and 40 weeks, and samples of liver were collected for lipid analyses and total RNA extraction. Hepatocytes were also prepared and the activity of the HUFA biosynthetic pathway determined. Expression of fatty acid desaturase and elongase genes was determined by quantitative real time PCR and the ratio of the copy number of the targeted gene against that of β-actin was calculated. The results showed that after 20 weeks of feeding, desaturase and elongase gene expression in liver was increased in a graded manner by increasing dietary LO. Expression of both genes was positively and negatively correlated with dietary 18:3n-3 and n-3 ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Atlantic salmon Salmo salar University of Stirling: Stirling Digital Research Repository Aquaculture 236 1-4 467 483 |