Multiple genes for functional delta6 fatty acyl desaturases (Fad) in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.): Gene and cDNA characterization, functional expression, tissue distribution and nutritional regulation
Fish are the primary source in the human food basket of the n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA), eicosapentaenoate (EPA; 20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoate (DHA; 22:6n-3), that are crucial to the health of higher vertebrates. Atlantic salmon are able to synthesis EPA and DHA from 18:3n-3...
Published in: | Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , |
Other Authors: | , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2010
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Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/1893/2743 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbalip.2010.04.007 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/13881981 http://dspace.stir.ac.uk/bitstream/1893/2743/1/Salmon%20Fads%20paper.pdf |
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ftunivstirling:oai:dspace.stir.ac.uk:1893/2743 |
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record_format |
openpolar |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Stirling: Stirling Digital Research Repository |
op_collection_id |
ftunivstirling |
language |
English |
topic |
Atlantic salmon fatty acyl desaturases cDNA functional characterisation delta-6 nutritional regulation Fishes Health Fishes Quality Lipoproteins Fish |
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Atlantic salmon fatty acyl desaturases cDNA functional characterisation delta-6 nutritional regulation Fishes Health Fishes Quality Lipoproteins Fish Monroig, Oscar Zheng, Xiaozhong Morais, Sofia Leaver, Michael Taggart, John Tocher, Douglas R Multiple genes for functional delta6 fatty acyl desaturases (Fad) in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.): Gene and cDNA characterization, functional expression, tissue distribution and nutritional regulation |
topic_facet |
Atlantic salmon fatty acyl desaturases cDNA functional characterisation delta-6 nutritional regulation Fishes Health Fishes Quality Lipoproteins Fish |
description |
Fish are the primary source in the human food basket of the n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA), eicosapentaenoate (EPA; 20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoate (DHA; 22:6n-3), that are crucial to the health of higher vertebrates. Atlantic salmon are able to synthesis EPA and DHA from 18:3n-3 through reactions catalyzed by fatty acyl desaturases (Fad) and elongases of very long fatty acids (Elovl). Previously, two cDNAs encoding functionally distinct Δ5 and Δ6 Fads were isolated, but screening of a genomic DNA library revealed the existence of more putative fad genes in the Atlantic salmon genome. In the present study, we show that there are at least four genes encoding putative Fad proteins in Atlantic salmon. Two genes, Δ6fad_a and Δ5fad, corresponded to the previously cloned Δ6 and Δ5 Fad cDNAs. Functional characterization by heterologous expression in yeast showed that the cDNAs for both the two further putative fad genes, Δ6fad_b and Δ6fad_c, had only Δ6 activity, converting 47 and 12 % of 18:3n-3 to 18:4n-3, and 25 and 7 % of 18:2n-6 to 18:3n-6, for ∆6Fad_b and Δ6Fad_c, respectively. Both ∆6fad_a and ∆6fad_b genes were highly expressed in intestine (pyloric caeca), liver and brain, with ∆6fad_b also highly expressed in gill, whereas ∆6fad_c transcript was found predominantly in brain, with lower expression levels in all other tissues. The expression levels of the ∆6fad_a gene in liver and the ∆6fad_b gene in intestine were significantly higher in fish fed diets containing vegetable oil compared to fish fed fish oil suggesting up-regulation in response to reduced dietary EPA and DHA. In contrast, no significant differences were found between transcript levels for ∆6fad_a in intestine, ∆6fad_b in liver, or ∆6fad_c in liver or intestine of fish fed vegetable oil compared to fish fed fish oil. The observed differences in tissue expression and nutritional regulation of the fad genes were discussed in relation to gene structures and fish physiology. |
author2 |
Institute of Aquaculture orcid:0000-0001-8712-0440 orcid:0000-0002-3155-0844 orcid:0000-0002-3843-9663 orcid:0000-0002-8603-9410 |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Monroig, Oscar Zheng, Xiaozhong Morais, Sofia Leaver, Michael Taggart, John Tocher, Douglas R |
author_facet |
Monroig, Oscar Zheng, Xiaozhong Morais, Sofia Leaver, Michael Taggart, John Tocher, Douglas R |
author_sort |
Monroig, Oscar |
title |
Multiple genes for functional delta6 fatty acyl desaturases (Fad) in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.): Gene and cDNA characterization, functional expression, tissue distribution and nutritional regulation |
title_short |
Multiple genes for functional delta6 fatty acyl desaturases (Fad) in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.): Gene and cDNA characterization, functional expression, tissue distribution and nutritional regulation |
title_full |
Multiple genes for functional delta6 fatty acyl desaturases (Fad) in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.): Gene and cDNA characterization, functional expression, tissue distribution and nutritional regulation |
title_fullStr |
Multiple genes for functional delta6 fatty acyl desaturases (Fad) in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.): Gene and cDNA characterization, functional expression, tissue distribution and nutritional regulation |
title_full_unstemmed |
Multiple genes for functional delta6 fatty acyl desaturases (Fad) in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.): Gene and cDNA characterization, functional expression, tissue distribution and nutritional regulation |
title_sort |
multiple genes for functional delta6 fatty acyl desaturases (fad) in atlantic salmon (salmo salar l.): gene and cdna characterization, functional expression, tissue distribution and nutritional regulation |
publisher |
Elsevier |
publishDate |
2010 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/1893/2743 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbalip.2010.04.007 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/13881981 http://dspace.stir.ac.uk/bitstream/1893/2743/1/Salmon%20Fads%20paper.pdf |
genre |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
genre_facet |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
op_relation |
Monroig O, Zheng X, Morais S, Leaver M, Taggart J & Tocher DR (2010) Multiple genes for functional delta6 fatty acyl desaturases (Fad) in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.): Gene and cDNA characterization, functional expression, tissue distribution and nutritional regulation. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)- Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids, 1801 (9), pp. 1072-1081. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/13881981; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbalip.2010.04.007 http://hdl.handle.net/1893/2743 doi:10.1016/j.bbalip.2010.04.007 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/13881981 WOS:000280627800010 2-s2.0-77954659194 838107 http://dspace.stir.ac.uk/bitstream/1893/2743/1/Salmon%20Fads%20paper.pdf |
op_rights |
Published in Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids by Elsevier.; Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids, Volume 1801, Issue 9, September 2010, pp. 1072 - 1081 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbalip.2010.04.007 |
container_title |
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids |
container_volume |
1801 |
container_issue |
9 |
container_start_page |
1072 |
op_container_end_page |
1081 |
_version_ |
1766360869878366208 |
spelling |
ftunivstirling:oai:dspace.stir.ac.uk:1893/2743 2023-05-15T15:30:25+02:00 Multiple genes for functional delta6 fatty acyl desaturases (Fad) in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.): Gene and cDNA characterization, functional expression, tissue distribution and nutritional regulation Monroig, Oscar Zheng, Xiaozhong Morais, Sofia Leaver, Michael Taggart, John Tocher, Douglas R Institute of Aquaculture orcid:0000-0001-8712-0440 orcid:0000-0002-3155-0844 orcid:0000-0002-3843-9663 orcid:0000-0002-8603-9410 2010-09 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/1893/2743 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbalip.2010.04.007 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/13881981 http://dspace.stir.ac.uk/bitstream/1893/2743/1/Salmon%20Fads%20paper.pdf en eng Elsevier Monroig O, Zheng X, Morais S, Leaver M, Taggart J & Tocher DR (2010) Multiple genes for functional delta6 fatty acyl desaturases (Fad) in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.): Gene and cDNA characterization, functional expression, tissue distribution and nutritional regulation. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)- Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids, 1801 (9), pp. 1072-1081. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/13881981; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbalip.2010.04.007 http://hdl.handle.net/1893/2743 doi:10.1016/j.bbalip.2010.04.007 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/13881981 WOS:000280627800010 2-s2.0-77954659194 838107 http://dspace.stir.ac.uk/bitstream/1893/2743/1/Salmon%20Fads%20paper.pdf Published in Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids by Elsevier.; Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids, Volume 1801, Issue 9, September 2010, pp. 1072 - 1081 Atlantic salmon fatty acyl desaturases cDNA functional characterisation delta-6 nutritional regulation Fishes Health Fishes Quality Lipoproteins Fish Journal Article AM - Accepted Manuscript 2010 ftunivstirling https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbalip.2010.04.007 2022-06-13T18:45:22Z Fish are the primary source in the human food basket of the n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA), eicosapentaenoate (EPA; 20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoate (DHA; 22:6n-3), that are crucial to the health of higher vertebrates. Atlantic salmon are able to synthesis EPA and DHA from 18:3n-3 through reactions catalyzed by fatty acyl desaturases (Fad) and elongases of very long fatty acids (Elovl). Previously, two cDNAs encoding functionally distinct Δ5 and Δ6 Fads were isolated, but screening of a genomic DNA library revealed the existence of more putative fad genes in the Atlantic salmon genome. In the present study, we show that there are at least four genes encoding putative Fad proteins in Atlantic salmon. Two genes, Δ6fad_a and Δ5fad, corresponded to the previously cloned Δ6 and Δ5 Fad cDNAs. Functional characterization by heterologous expression in yeast showed that the cDNAs for both the two further putative fad genes, Δ6fad_b and Δ6fad_c, had only Δ6 activity, converting 47 and 12 % of 18:3n-3 to 18:4n-3, and 25 and 7 % of 18:2n-6 to 18:3n-6, for ∆6Fad_b and Δ6Fad_c, respectively. Both ∆6fad_a and ∆6fad_b genes were highly expressed in intestine (pyloric caeca), liver and brain, with ∆6fad_b also highly expressed in gill, whereas ∆6fad_c transcript was found predominantly in brain, with lower expression levels in all other tissues. The expression levels of the ∆6fad_a gene in liver and the ∆6fad_b gene in intestine were significantly higher in fish fed diets containing vegetable oil compared to fish fed fish oil suggesting up-regulation in response to reduced dietary EPA and DHA. In contrast, no significant differences were found between transcript levels for ∆6fad_a in intestine, ∆6fad_b in liver, or ∆6fad_c in liver or intestine of fish fed vegetable oil compared to fish fed fish oil. The observed differences in tissue expression and nutritional regulation of the fad genes were discussed in relation to gene structures and fish physiology. Article in Journal/Newspaper Atlantic salmon Salmo salar University of Stirling: Stirling Digital Research Repository Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids 1801 9 1072 1081 |