Ocean acidification and temperature increase impact mussel shell shape and thickness: Problematic for protection?
Ocean acidification threatens organisms that produce calcium carbonate shells by potentially generating an under-saturated carbonate environment. Resultant reduced calcification and growth, and subsequent dissolution of exoskeletons, would raise concerns over the ability of the shell to provide prot...
Published in: | Ecology and Evolution |
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2015
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Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/1893/24766 https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.1756 http://dspace.stir.ac.uk/bitstream/1893/24766/1/Fitzer_et_al-2015-Ecology_and_Evolution.pdf |
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ftunivstirling:oai:dspace.stir.ac.uk:1893/24766 2023-05-15T17:48:52+02:00 Ocean acidification and temperature increase impact mussel shell shape and thickness: Problematic for protection? Fitzer, Susan Vittert, Liberty Bowman, Adrian Kamenos, Nicholas A Phoenix, Vernon R Cusack, Maggie Institute of Aquaculture University of Glasgow Biological and Environmental Sciences orcid:0000-0003-3556-7624 orcid:0000-0003-0145-1180 2015-11 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/1893/24766 https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.1756 http://dspace.stir.ac.uk/bitstream/1893/24766/1/Fitzer_et_al-2015-Ecology_and_Evolution.pdf en eng Wiley-Blackwell Fitzer S, Vittert L, Bowman A, Kamenos NA, Phoenix VR & Cusack M (2015) Ocean acidification and temperature increase impact mussel shell shape and thickness: Problematic for protection?. Ecology and Evolution, 5 (21), pp. 4875-4884. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.1756 http://hdl.handle.net/1893/24766 doi:10.1002/ece3.1756 26640667 WOS:000364341400013 2-s2.0-84945892330 541686 http://dspace.stir.ac.uk/bitstream/1893/24766/1/Fitzer_et_al-2015-Ecology_and_Evolution.pdf © 2015 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ CC-BY Biomineralization CO 2 mussels ocean acidification shell shape shell thickness temperature Journal Article VoR - Version of Record 2015 ftunivstirling https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.1756 2022-06-13T18:44:28Z Ocean acidification threatens organisms that produce calcium carbonate shells by potentially generating an under-saturated carbonate environment. Resultant reduced calcification and growth, and subsequent dissolution of exoskeletons, would raise concerns over the ability of the shell to provide protection for the marine organism under ocean acidification and increased temperatures. We examined the impact of combined ocean acidification and temperature increase on shell formation of the economically important edible mussel Mytilus edulis. Shell growth and thickness along with a shell thickness index and shape analysis were determined. The ability of M. edulis to produce a functional protective shell after 9 months of experimental culture under ocean acidification and increasing temperatures (380, 550, 750, 1000 μatm pCO2, and 750, 1000 μatm pCO2 + 2°C) was assessed. Mussel shells grown under ocean acidification conditions displayed significant reductions in shell aragonite thickness, shell thickness index, and changes to shell shape (750, 1000 μatm pCO2) compared to those shells grown under ambient conditions (380 μatm pCO2). Ocean acidification resulted in rounder, flatter mussel shells with thinner aragonite layers likely to be more vulnerable to fracture under changing environments and predation. The changes in shape presented here could present a compensatory mechanism to enhance protection against predators and changing environments under ocean acidification when mussels are unable to grow thicker shells. Here, we present the first assessment of mussel shell shape to determine implications for functional protection under ocean acidification. © 2015 Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Article in Journal/Newspaper Ocean acidification University of Stirling: Stirling Digital Research Repository Ecology and Evolution 5 21 4875 4884 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Stirling: Stirling Digital Research Repository |
op_collection_id |
ftunivstirling |
language |
English |
topic |
Biomineralization CO 2 mussels ocean acidification shell shape shell thickness temperature |
spellingShingle |
Biomineralization CO 2 mussels ocean acidification shell shape shell thickness temperature Fitzer, Susan Vittert, Liberty Bowman, Adrian Kamenos, Nicholas A Phoenix, Vernon R Cusack, Maggie Ocean acidification and temperature increase impact mussel shell shape and thickness: Problematic for protection? |
topic_facet |
Biomineralization CO 2 mussels ocean acidification shell shape shell thickness temperature |
description |
Ocean acidification threatens organisms that produce calcium carbonate shells by potentially generating an under-saturated carbonate environment. Resultant reduced calcification and growth, and subsequent dissolution of exoskeletons, would raise concerns over the ability of the shell to provide protection for the marine organism under ocean acidification and increased temperatures. We examined the impact of combined ocean acidification and temperature increase on shell formation of the economically important edible mussel Mytilus edulis. Shell growth and thickness along with a shell thickness index and shape analysis were determined. The ability of M. edulis to produce a functional protective shell after 9 months of experimental culture under ocean acidification and increasing temperatures (380, 550, 750, 1000 μatm pCO2, and 750, 1000 μatm pCO2 + 2°C) was assessed. Mussel shells grown under ocean acidification conditions displayed significant reductions in shell aragonite thickness, shell thickness index, and changes to shell shape (750, 1000 μatm pCO2) compared to those shells grown under ambient conditions (380 μatm pCO2). Ocean acidification resulted in rounder, flatter mussel shells with thinner aragonite layers likely to be more vulnerable to fracture under changing environments and predation. The changes in shape presented here could present a compensatory mechanism to enhance protection against predators and changing environments under ocean acidification when mussels are unable to grow thicker shells. Here, we present the first assessment of mussel shell shape to determine implications for functional protection under ocean acidification. © 2015 Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. |
author2 |
Institute of Aquaculture University of Glasgow Biological and Environmental Sciences orcid:0000-0003-3556-7624 orcid:0000-0003-0145-1180 |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Fitzer, Susan Vittert, Liberty Bowman, Adrian Kamenos, Nicholas A Phoenix, Vernon R Cusack, Maggie |
author_facet |
Fitzer, Susan Vittert, Liberty Bowman, Adrian Kamenos, Nicholas A Phoenix, Vernon R Cusack, Maggie |
author_sort |
Fitzer, Susan |
title |
Ocean acidification and temperature increase impact mussel shell shape and thickness: Problematic for protection? |
title_short |
Ocean acidification and temperature increase impact mussel shell shape and thickness: Problematic for protection? |
title_full |
Ocean acidification and temperature increase impact mussel shell shape and thickness: Problematic for protection? |
title_fullStr |
Ocean acidification and temperature increase impact mussel shell shape and thickness: Problematic for protection? |
title_full_unstemmed |
Ocean acidification and temperature increase impact mussel shell shape and thickness: Problematic for protection? |
title_sort |
ocean acidification and temperature increase impact mussel shell shape and thickness: problematic for protection? |
publisher |
Wiley-Blackwell |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/1893/24766 https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.1756 http://dspace.stir.ac.uk/bitstream/1893/24766/1/Fitzer_et_al-2015-Ecology_and_Evolution.pdf |
genre |
Ocean acidification |
genre_facet |
Ocean acidification |
op_relation |
Fitzer S, Vittert L, Bowman A, Kamenos NA, Phoenix VR & Cusack M (2015) Ocean acidification and temperature increase impact mussel shell shape and thickness: Problematic for protection?. Ecology and Evolution, 5 (21), pp. 4875-4884. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.1756 http://hdl.handle.net/1893/24766 doi:10.1002/ece3.1756 26640667 WOS:000364341400013 2-s2.0-84945892330 541686 http://dspace.stir.ac.uk/bitstream/1893/24766/1/Fitzer_et_al-2015-Ecology_and_Evolution.pdf |
op_rights |
© 2015 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.1756 |
container_title |
Ecology and Evolution |
container_volume |
5 |
container_issue |
21 |
container_start_page |
4875 |
op_container_end_page |
4884 |
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1766155036421783552 |