Absolute Measurement of the Cosmic Microwave Background at 2 GHz
We measured the intensity of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation at a frequency of 2.0 GHz (15 cm wavelength) with a ground-based total-power radio-frequency (RF) gain radiometer calibrated at the antenna aperture with a quasi-free space cold load. The observations were performed from a...
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ftunivsthongkong:oai:repository.ust.hk:1783.1-81507 2023-05-15T13:24:27+02:00 Absolute Measurement of the Cosmic Microwave Background at 2 GHz Bersanelli, Marco De Amici, Giovanni Levin, Steven M. Limon, Michele Smoot, George F. Vinje, William E. Bensadoun, Marc J. 1994 http://repository.ust.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-81507 https://doi.org/10.1086/173910 http://lbdiscover.ust.hk/uresolver?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rfr_id=info:sid/HKUST:SPI&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.date=&rft.spage=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.atitle=Absolute%20measurement%20of%20the%20cosmic%20microwave%20background%20at%202%20GHz&rft.title= http://gateway.isiknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=WOS&KeyUT=A1994NC79300001 http://www.scopus.com/record/display.url?eid=2-s2.0-12044252315&origin=inward English eng http://repository.ust.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-81507 Astrophysical Journal, v. 424, (2), 1994, Apr, p. 517-529 0004-637X https://doi.org/10.1086/173910 http://lbdiscover.ust.hk/uresolver?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rfr_id=info:sid/HKUST:SPI&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.date=&rft.spage=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.atitle=Absolute%20measurement%20of%20the%20cosmic%20microwave%20background%20at%202%20GHz&rft.title= http://gateway.isiknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=WOS&KeyUT=A1994NC79300001 http://www.scopus.com/record/display.url?eid=2-s2.0-12044252315&origin=inward Cosmic microwave background Radio continuum general Article 1994 ftunivsthongkong https://doi.org/10.1086/173910 2019-09-03T18:11:39Z We measured the intensity of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation at a frequency of 2.0 GHz (15 cm wavelength) with a ground-based total-power radio-frequency (RF) gain radiometer calibrated at the antenna aperture with a quasi-free space cold load. The observations were performed from a remote, high-altitude site near the Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station to minimize systematic effects. The measured thermodynamic temperature of the CMB is TCMB = 2.55 ± 0.14 K (68% confidence level), the limiting factors in the accuracy being the subtraction of the atmospheric and Galactic contributions. The atmospheric emission was evaluated both by direct measurements and by extrapolation from our higher frequency data. The Galactic emission was determined by scaling low-frequency maps and was checked with differential drift scans. Our result is ∼1 σ lower than the recent accurate value of TCMB obtained by COBE-FIRAS above 60 GHz. The temperature of the sky (i.e., CMB plus Galaxy and extragalactic sources) at the south celestial pole with ∼22° resolution is TA,Sky = 2.83 ± 0.10 K, and its accuracy is limited by the subtraction of atmospheric emission. Article in Journal/Newspaper Amundsen-Scott South pole The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology: HKUST Institutional Repository Amundsen Scott South Pole Station ENVELOPE(0.000,0.000,-90.000,-90.000) Amundsen-Scott ENVELOPE(0.000,0.000,-90.000,-90.000) Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station ENVELOPE(139.273,139.273,-89.998,-89.998) South Pole The Astrophysical Journal 424 517 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology: HKUST Institutional Repository |
op_collection_id |
ftunivsthongkong |
language |
English |
topic |
Cosmic microwave background Radio continuum general |
spellingShingle |
Cosmic microwave background Radio continuum general Bersanelli, Marco De Amici, Giovanni Levin, Steven M. Limon, Michele Smoot, George F. Vinje, William E. Bensadoun, Marc J. Absolute Measurement of the Cosmic Microwave Background at 2 GHz |
topic_facet |
Cosmic microwave background Radio continuum general |
description |
We measured the intensity of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation at a frequency of 2.0 GHz (15 cm wavelength) with a ground-based total-power radio-frequency (RF) gain radiometer calibrated at the antenna aperture with a quasi-free space cold load. The observations were performed from a remote, high-altitude site near the Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station to minimize systematic effects. The measured thermodynamic temperature of the CMB is TCMB = 2.55 ± 0.14 K (68% confidence level), the limiting factors in the accuracy being the subtraction of the atmospheric and Galactic contributions. The atmospheric emission was evaluated both by direct measurements and by extrapolation from our higher frequency data. The Galactic emission was determined by scaling low-frequency maps and was checked with differential drift scans. Our result is ∼1 σ lower than the recent accurate value of TCMB obtained by COBE-FIRAS above 60 GHz. The temperature of the sky (i.e., CMB plus Galaxy and extragalactic sources) at the south celestial pole with ∼22° resolution is TA,Sky = 2.83 ± 0.10 K, and its accuracy is limited by the subtraction of atmospheric emission. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Bersanelli, Marco De Amici, Giovanni Levin, Steven M. Limon, Michele Smoot, George F. Vinje, William E. Bensadoun, Marc J. |
author_facet |
Bersanelli, Marco De Amici, Giovanni Levin, Steven M. Limon, Michele Smoot, George F. Vinje, William E. Bensadoun, Marc J. |
author_sort |
Bersanelli, Marco |
title |
Absolute Measurement of the Cosmic Microwave Background at 2 GHz |
title_short |
Absolute Measurement of the Cosmic Microwave Background at 2 GHz |
title_full |
Absolute Measurement of the Cosmic Microwave Background at 2 GHz |
title_fullStr |
Absolute Measurement of the Cosmic Microwave Background at 2 GHz |
title_full_unstemmed |
Absolute Measurement of the Cosmic Microwave Background at 2 GHz |
title_sort |
absolute measurement of the cosmic microwave background at 2 ghz |
publishDate |
1994 |
url |
http://repository.ust.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-81507 https://doi.org/10.1086/173910 http://lbdiscover.ust.hk/uresolver?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rfr_id=info:sid/HKUST:SPI&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.date=&rft.spage=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.atitle=Absolute%20measurement%20of%20the%20cosmic%20microwave%20background%20at%202%20GHz&rft.title= http://gateway.isiknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=WOS&KeyUT=A1994NC79300001 http://www.scopus.com/record/display.url?eid=2-s2.0-12044252315&origin=inward |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(0.000,0.000,-90.000,-90.000) ENVELOPE(0.000,0.000,-90.000,-90.000) ENVELOPE(139.273,139.273,-89.998,-89.998) |
geographic |
Amundsen Scott South Pole Station Amundsen-Scott Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station South Pole |
geographic_facet |
Amundsen Scott South Pole Station Amundsen-Scott Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station South Pole |
genre |
Amundsen-Scott South pole |
genre_facet |
Amundsen-Scott South pole |
op_relation |
http://repository.ust.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-81507 Astrophysical Journal, v. 424, (2), 1994, Apr, p. 517-529 0004-637X https://doi.org/10.1086/173910 http://lbdiscover.ust.hk/uresolver?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rfr_id=info:sid/HKUST:SPI&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.date=&rft.spage=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.atitle=Absolute%20measurement%20of%20the%20cosmic%20microwave%20background%20at%202%20GHz&rft.title= http://gateway.isiknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=WOS&KeyUT=A1994NC79300001 http://www.scopus.com/record/display.url?eid=2-s2.0-12044252315&origin=inward |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1086/173910 |
container_title |
The Astrophysical Journal |
container_volume |
424 |
container_start_page |
517 |
_version_ |
1766379743123341312 |