Flank landslides on Reunion Island volcanoes (Indian Ocean): Evidence, implications and origins

Composition du jury de thèse: Olivier Merle, Président, Université Blaise Pascal, Clermont II Christine Deplus, Examinateur, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris Patrick Bachèlery, Rapporteur, Université de La Réunion Bruno Savoye, Rapporteur, IFREMER -- La version de la thèse déposée en ligne est...

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Main Author: Oehler, Jean-François
Other Authors: Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans (LMV), Observatoire de Physique du Globe de Clermont-Ferrand (OPGC), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, Lénat Jean-François(J.F.Lenat@opgc.univ-bpclermont.fr)
Format: Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis
Language:French
Published: HAL CCSD 2005
Subjects:
Online Access:https://theses.hal.science/tel-00010498
https://theses.hal.science/tel-00010498/document
https://theses.hal.science/tel-00010498/file/tel-00010498.pdf
id ftunivstetienne:oai:HAL:tel-00010498v1
record_format openpolar
institution Open Polar
collection Université Jean Monnet – Saint-Etienne: HAL
op_collection_id ftunivstetienne
language French
topic Reunion Island
flank landslides
debris avalanches
multibeam bathymetry and backscatter data
digital elevation model (DEM)
James Ross Island
low strength layers
analogue modeling
oceanic island evolution model
Ile de La Réunion
déstabilisations de flanc
avalanches de débris
bathymétrie et imagerie acoustique multifaisceaux
modèles numériques de terrain (MNT)
Ile de James Ross
plans de faible résistance
modélisations analogiques
modèle d'évolution des îles océaniques
[SDU.STU.AG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Applied geology
[SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph]
[SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences
spellingShingle Reunion Island
flank landslides
debris avalanches
multibeam bathymetry and backscatter data
digital elevation model (DEM)
James Ross Island
low strength layers
analogue modeling
oceanic island evolution model
Ile de La Réunion
déstabilisations de flanc
avalanches de débris
bathymétrie et imagerie acoustique multifaisceaux
modèles numériques de terrain (MNT)
Ile de James Ross
plans de faible résistance
modélisations analogiques
modèle d'évolution des îles océaniques
[SDU.STU.AG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Applied geology
[SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph]
[SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences
Oehler, Jean-François
Flank landslides on Reunion Island volcanoes (Indian Ocean): Evidence, implications and origins
topic_facet Reunion Island
flank landslides
debris avalanches
multibeam bathymetry and backscatter data
digital elevation model (DEM)
James Ross Island
low strength layers
analogue modeling
oceanic island evolution model
Ile de La Réunion
déstabilisations de flanc
avalanches de débris
bathymétrie et imagerie acoustique multifaisceaux
modèles numériques de terrain (MNT)
Ile de James Ross
plans de faible résistance
modélisations analogiques
modèle d'évolution des îles océaniques
[SDU.STU.AG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Applied geology
[SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph]
[SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences
description Composition du jury de thèse: Olivier Merle, Président, Université Blaise Pascal, Clermont II Christine Deplus, Examinateur, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris Patrick Bachèlery, Rapporteur, Université de La Réunion Bruno Savoye, Rapporteur, IFREMER -- La version de la thèse déposée en ligne est une version basse résolution. Pour une version haute résolution, me contacter à: oehler_jf@yahoo.fr The joint study of the emerged and submerged parts of Reunion Island (Indian Ocean), based on the evaluation of marine multibeam data collected these last 20 years and confronted with previous geological and geophysical works, demonstrates the considerable importance of flank landslide processes in the evolution of this volcanic oceanic system. Fifty or so mass-wasting events recurrently dismantled Piton des Neiges, Les Alizés, and Piton de La Fournaise volcanoes during the last 2 million years at least. They are multi-scale, primary or secondary, and of aerial, coastal or submarine origin. Most correspond to instantaneous and catastrophic phenomena of debris avalanche type. Their deposits are mainly accumulated at sea, within four gigantic topographic bulges named "Reliefs Sous-Marins", located to the east, north, west and south of the island. These fans are 20-30 km wide at the coastline and 100-150 km wide at their end, 70-80 km offshore. They were built gradually by the superimposition and/or the juxtaposition of products displaced during landslide episodes implying up to several hundreds of km3 of materials. A very small proportion is recognized on land, in Piton des Neiges central part or at its littoral edges, and constitutes the proximal facies of the deposits recognized offshore. The main structural features of Reunion sub-aerial morphology are interpreted as (1) relatively recent landslide scars, often remodelled by erosion and/or filled by subsequent volcanic activity, or (2) remnants of old debris avalanches amphitheatres whose border faults could have been reactivated by volcano-tectonics (caldera ...
author2 Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans (LMV)
Observatoire de Physique du Globe de Clermont-Ferrand (OPGC)
Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II
Lénat Jean-François(J.F.Lenat@opgc.univ-bpclermont.fr)
format Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis
author Oehler, Jean-François
author_facet Oehler, Jean-François
author_sort Oehler, Jean-François
title Flank landslides on Reunion Island volcanoes (Indian Ocean): Evidence, implications and origins
title_short Flank landslides on Reunion Island volcanoes (Indian Ocean): Evidence, implications and origins
title_full Flank landslides on Reunion Island volcanoes (Indian Ocean): Evidence, implications and origins
title_fullStr Flank landslides on Reunion Island volcanoes (Indian Ocean): Evidence, implications and origins
title_full_unstemmed Flank landslides on Reunion Island volcanoes (Indian Ocean): Evidence, implications and origins
title_sort flank landslides on reunion island volcanoes (indian ocean): evidence, implications and origins
publisher HAL CCSD
publishDate 2005
url https://theses.hal.science/tel-00010498
https://theses.hal.science/tel-00010498/document
https://theses.hal.science/tel-00010498/file/tel-00010498.pdf
genre James Ross Island
Ross Island
genre_facet James Ross Island
Ross Island
op_source https://theses.hal.science/tel-00010498
Géologie appliquée. Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2005. Français. ⟨NNT : ⟩
op_relation tel-00010498
https://theses.hal.science/tel-00010498
https://theses.hal.science/tel-00010498/document
https://theses.hal.science/tel-00010498/file/tel-00010498.pdf
op_rights info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess
_version_ 1810453245919756288
spelling ftunivstetienne:oai:HAL:tel-00010498v1 2024-09-15T18:15:27+00:00 Flank landslides on Reunion Island volcanoes (Indian Ocean): Evidence, implications and origins Les déstabilisations de flanc des volcans de l'Ile de La Réunion (Océan Indien): Mise en évidence, implications et origines Oehler, Jean-François Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans (LMV) Observatoire de Physique du Globe de Clermont-Ferrand (OPGC) Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II Lénat Jean-François(J.F.Lenat@opgc.univ-bpclermont.fr) 2005-09-16 https://theses.hal.science/tel-00010498 https://theses.hal.science/tel-00010498/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-00010498/file/tel-00010498.pdf fr fre HAL CCSD tel-00010498 https://theses.hal.science/tel-00010498 https://theses.hal.science/tel-00010498/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-00010498/file/tel-00010498.pdf info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess https://theses.hal.science/tel-00010498 Géologie appliquée. Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2005. Français. ⟨NNT : ⟩ Reunion Island flank landslides debris avalanches multibeam bathymetry and backscatter data digital elevation model (DEM) James Ross Island low strength layers analogue modeling oceanic island evolution model Ile de La Réunion déstabilisations de flanc avalanches de débris bathymétrie et imagerie acoustique multifaisceaux modèles numériques de terrain (MNT) Ile de James Ross plans de faible résistance modélisations analogiques modèle d'évolution des îles océaniques [SDU.STU.AG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Applied geology [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph] [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis Theses 2005 ftunivstetienne 2024-07-09T00:05:34Z Composition du jury de thèse: Olivier Merle, Président, Université Blaise Pascal, Clermont II Christine Deplus, Examinateur, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris Patrick Bachèlery, Rapporteur, Université de La Réunion Bruno Savoye, Rapporteur, IFREMER -- La version de la thèse déposée en ligne est une version basse résolution. Pour une version haute résolution, me contacter à: oehler_jf@yahoo.fr The joint study of the emerged and submerged parts of Reunion Island (Indian Ocean), based on the evaluation of marine multibeam data collected these last 20 years and confronted with previous geological and geophysical works, demonstrates the considerable importance of flank landslide processes in the evolution of this volcanic oceanic system. Fifty or so mass-wasting events recurrently dismantled Piton des Neiges, Les Alizés, and Piton de La Fournaise volcanoes during the last 2 million years at least. They are multi-scale, primary or secondary, and of aerial, coastal or submarine origin. Most correspond to instantaneous and catastrophic phenomena of debris avalanche type. Their deposits are mainly accumulated at sea, within four gigantic topographic bulges named "Reliefs Sous-Marins", located to the east, north, west and south of the island. These fans are 20-30 km wide at the coastline and 100-150 km wide at their end, 70-80 km offshore. They were built gradually by the superimposition and/or the juxtaposition of products displaced during landslide episodes implying up to several hundreds of km3 of materials. A very small proportion is recognized on land, in Piton des Neiges central part or at its littoral edges, and constitutes the proximal facies of the deposits recognized offshore. The main structural features of Reunion sub-aerial morphology are interpreted as (1) relatively recent landslide scars, often remodelled by erosion and/or filled by subsequent volcanic activity, or (2) remnants of old debris avalanches amphitheatres whose border faults could have been reactivated by volcano-tectonics (caldera ... Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis James Ross Island Ross Island Université Jean Monnet – Saint-Etienne: HAL