Seasonal and Spatial Differences in Metal and Metalloid Concentrations in the Snow Cover of Hansbreen, Svalbard
Metals and metalloids in snow on glaciers, depending on the season of deposition, may come from various sources: local rock dust (erosion of the geological substratum), marine aerosol, local human activity (e.g., impurities in combusted fuel and waste incineration), and long-range atmospheric transp...
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ftunivsilesia:oai:rebus.us.edu.pl:20.500.12128/19159 2023-05-15T15:12:24+02:00 Seasonal and Spatial Differences in Metal and Metalloid Concentrations in the Snow Cover of Hansbreen, Svalbard Koziol, Krystyna Uszczyk, Aleksander Pawlak, Filip Frankowski, Marcin Polkowska, Żaneta 2021 https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12128/19159 https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2020.538762 en eng "Frontiers in Earth Science" Vol. 8 (2021), art. no. 538762 2296-6463 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12128/19159 doi:10.3389/feart.2020.538762 Uznanie autorstwa 3.0 Polska http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/pl/ CC-BY Svalbard Arctic spatial distribution snow heavy metals trace elements info:eu-repo/semantics/article 2021 ftunivsilesia https://doi.org/20.500.12128/19159 https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2020.538762 2022-12-31T20:14:51Z Metals and metalloids in snow on glaciers, depending on the season of deposition, may come from various sources: local rock dust (erosion of the geological substratum), marine aerosol, local human activity (e.g., impurities in combusted fuel and waste incineration), and long-range atmospheric transport. Hansbreen, a glacier located close to the Polish Polar Station in southern Svalbard, is a perfect site to study metals and metalloids: it has a complex geological substratum, has a year-round presence of a small group of people, and is near the coast. We analyzed a snapshot of metal and metalloid concentrations in snow samples fromshallow cores corresponding to autumn, winter, and spring deposition on Hansbreen. Eighteen cores of snow were collected across the glacier, revealing the influence of potential local sources of metals and metalloids. In these samples, we predominantly found Na, Mg, and K, followed by Zn, Ca, Al, and Fe. Heavy metals, such as Bi or Hg, were also detected. Cluster analysis of the determined elemental concentrations divided them into three distinct groups: Group 1: Ag, As, Bi, Cd, Hg, Mo, Sb, Se, and Zn-the most diverse cluster, representing mostly long-range transported volatile elements, with possible extra local geological sources; Group 2: Al, Fe, Cu, and Mn-elements with crustal sources; and Group 3: Na, Ca, Mg, K, and Sr-with the main source in sea spray aerosol. The latter interpretation was confirmed by the calculation of sea salt contribution based on the composition of mean seawater and the positive significant correlation between their concentrations and the electrical conductivity of snow samples. In the study site, snow was up to six times more efficient in bringing metal pollution into terrestrial environment, when compared to rain. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic glacier Svalbard The Repository of the University of Silesia (RE-BUŚ) Arctic Svalbard Hansbreen ENVELOPE(15.650,15.650,77.075,77.075) Frontiers in Earth Science 8 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
The Repository of the University of Silesia (RE-BUŚ) |
op_collection_id |
ftunivsilesia |
language |
English |
topic |
Svalbard Arctic spatial distribution snow heavy metals trace elements |
spellingShingle |
Svalbard Arctic spatial distribution snow heavy metals trace elements Koziol, Krystyna Uszczyk, Aleksander Pawlak, Filip Frankowski, Marcin Polkowska, Żaneta Seasonal and Spatial Differences in Metal and Metalloid Concentrations in the Snow Cover of Hansbreen, Svalbard |
topic_facet |
Svalbard Arctic spatial distribution snow heavy metals trace elements |
description |
Metals and metalloids in snow on glaciers, depending on the season of deposition, may come from various sources: local rock dust (erosion of the geological substratum), marine aerosol, local human activity (e.g., impurities in combusted fuel and waste incineration), and long-range atmospheric transport. Hansbreen, a glacier located close to the Polish Polar Station in southern Svalbard, is a perfect site to study metals and metalloids: it has a complex geological substratum, has a year-round presence of a small group of people, and is near the coast. We analyzed a snapshot of metal and metalloid concentrations in snow samples fromshallow cores corresponding to autumn, winter, and spring deposition on Hansbreen. Eighteen cores of snow were collected across the glacier, revealing the influence of potential local sources of metals and metalloids. In these samples, we predominantly found Na, Mg, and K, followed by Zn, Ca, Al, and Fe. Heavy metals, such as Bi or Hg, were also detected. Cluster analysis of the determined elemental concentrations divided them into three distinct groups: Group 1: Ag, As, Bi, Cd, Hg, Mo, Sb, Se, and Zn-the most diverse cluster, representing mostly long-range transported volatile elements, with possible extra local geological sources; Group 2: Al, Fe, Cu, and Mn-elements with crustal sources; and Group 3: Na, Ca, Mg, K, and Sr-with the main source in sea spray aerosol. The latter interpretation was confirmed by the calculation of sea salt contribution based on the composition of mean seawater and the positive significant correlation between their concentrations and the electrical conductivity of snow samples. In the study site, snow was up to six times more efficient in bringing metal pollution into terrestrial environment, when compared to rain. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Koziol, Krystyna Uszczyk, Aleksander Pawlak, Filip Frankowski, Marcin Polkowska, Żaneta |
author_facet |
Koziol, Krystyna Uszczyk, Aleksander Pawlak, Filip Frankowski, Marcin Polkowska, Żaneta |
author_sort |
Koziol, Krystyna |
title |
Seasonal and Spatial Differences in Metal and Metalloid Concentrations in the Snow Cover of Hansbreen, Svalbard |
title_short |
Seasonal and Spatial Differences in Metal and Metalloid Concentrations in the Snow Cover of Hansbreen, Svalbard |
title_full |
Seasonal and Spatial Differences in Metal and Metalloid Concentrations in the Snow Cover of Hansbreen, Svalbard |
title_fullStr |
Seasonal and Spatial Differences in Metal and Metalloid Concentrations in the Snow Cover of Hansbreen, Svalbard |
title_full_unstemmed |
Seasonal and Spatial Differences in Metal and Metalloid Concentrations in the Snow Cover of Hansbreen, Svalbard |
title_sort |
seasonal and spatial differences in metal and metalloid concentrations in the snow cover of hansbreen, svalbard |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12128/19159 https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2020.538762 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(15.650,15.650,77.075,77.075) |
geographic |
Arctic Svalbard Hansbreen |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Svalbard Hansbreen |
genre |
Arctic glacier Svalbard |
genre_facet |
Arctic glacier Svalbard |
op_relation |
"Frontiers in Earth Science" Vol. 8 (2021), art. no. 538762 2296-6463 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12128/19159 doi:10.3389/feart.2020.538762 |
op_rights |
Uznanie autorstwa 3.0 Polska http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/pl/ |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/20.500.12128/19159 https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2020.538762 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Earth Science |
container_volume |
8 |
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1766343085320568832 |