Paradigm lost, or is top-down forcing no longer significant in the Antarctic marine ecosystem?
Investigations in recent years of the ecological structure and processes of the Southern Ocean have almost exclusively taken a bottom-up, forcing-by-physical-processes approach relating various species' population trends to climate change. Just 20 years ago, however, researchers focused on a br...
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Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/11365/1108759 https://doi.org/10.1017/S095410200700051X |
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ftunivsiena:oai:usiena-air.unisi.it:11365/1108759 2024-04-14T08:04:39+00:00 Paradigm lost, or is top-down forcing no longer significant in the Antarctic marine ecosystem? Ainley, D. Ballard, G. Ackley, S. Blight, L. K. Eastman, J. T. Emslie, S. D. Lescroel, A. Olmastroni, S. Townsend, S. E. Tynan, C. T. Wilson, P. Woehler, E. Ainley, D. Ballard, G. Ackley, S. Blight, L. K. Eastman, J. T. Emslie, S. D. Lescroel, A. Olmastroni, S. Townsend, S. E. Tynan, C. T. Wilson, P. Woehler, E. 2007 STAMPA http://hdl.handle.net/11365/1108759 https://doi.org/10.1017/S095410200700051X eng eng info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/wos/WOS:000250068600002 volume:19 issue:3 firstpage:283 lastpage:290 numberofpages:8 journal:ANTARCTIC SCIENCE http://hdl.handle.net/11365/1108759 doi:10.1017/S095410200700051X info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/scopus/2-s2.0-34548074973 Cetacean Climate change Fishery depletion Krill Penguin Prey depletion Salp Southern Ocean info:eu-repo/semantics/article 2007 ftunivsiena https://doi.org/10.1017/S095410200700051X 2024-03-21T16:07:18Z Investigations in recent years of the ecological structure and processes of the Southern Ocean have almost exclusively taken a bottom-up, forcing-by-physical-processes approach relating various species' population trends to climate change. Just 20 years ago, however, researchers focused on a broader set of hypotheses, in part formed around a paradigm positing interspecific interactions as central to structuring the ecosystem (forcing by biotic processes, top-down), and particularly on a "krill surplus" caused by the removal from the system of more than a million baleen whales. Since then, this latter idea has disappeared from favour with little debate. Moreover, it recently has been shown that concurrent with whaling there was a massive depletion of finfish in the Southern Ocean, a finding also ignored in deference to climate-related explanations of ecosystem change. We present two examples from the literature, one involving gelatinous organisms and the other involving penguins, in which climate has been used to explain species' population trends but which could better be explained by including species interactions in the modelling. We conclude by questioning the almost complete shift in paradigms that has occurred and discuss whether it is leading Southern Ocean marine ecological science in an instructive direction. © 2007 Antarctic Science Ltd. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic baleen whales Southern Ocean Università degli Studi di Siena: USiena air Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic Antarctic Science 19 3 283 290 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Università degli Studi di Siena: USiena air |
op_collection_id |
ftunivsiena |
language |
English |
topic |
Cetacean Climate change Fishery depletion Krill Penguin Prey depletion Salp Southern Ocean |
spellingShingle |
Cetacean Climate change Fishery depletion Krill Penguin Prey depletion Salp Southern Ocean Ainley, D. Ballard, G. Ackley, S. Blight, L. K. Eastman, J. T. Emslie, S. D. Lescroel, A. Olmastroni, S. Townsend, S. E. Tynan, C. T. Wilson, P. Woehler, E. Paradigm lost, or is top-down forcing no longer significant in the Antarctic marine ecosystem? |
topic_facet |
Cetacean Climate change Fishery depletion Krill Penguin Prey depletion Salp Southern Ocean |
description |
Investigations in recent years of the ecological structure and processes of the Southern Ocean have almost exclusively taken a bottom-up, forcing-by-physical-processes approach relating various species' population trends to climate change. Just 20 years ago, however, researchers focused on a broader set of hypotheses, in part formed around a paradigm positing interspecific interactions as central to structuring the ecosystem (forcing by biotic processes, top-down), and particularly on a "krill surplus" caused by the removal from the system of more than a million baleen whales. Since then, this latter idea has disappeared from favour with little debate. Moreover, it recently has been shown that concurrent with whaling there was a massive depletion of finfish in the Southern Ocean, a finding also ignored in deference to climate-related explanations of ecosystem change. We present two examples from the literature, one involving gelatinous organisms and the other involving penguins, in which climate has been used to explain species' population trends but which could better be explained by including species interactions in the modelling. We conclude by questioning the almost complete shift in paradigms that has occurred and discuss whether it is leading Southern Ocean marine ecological science in an instructive direction. © 2007 Antarctic Science Ltd. |
author2 |
Ainley, D. Ballard, G. Ackley, S. Blight, L. K. Eastman, J. T. Emslie, S. D. Lescroel, A. Olmastroni, S. Townsend, S. E. Tynan, C. T. Wilson, P. Woehler, E. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Ainley, D. Ballard, G. Ackley, S. Blight, L. K. Eastman, J. T. Emslie, S. D. Lescroel, A. Olmastroni, S. Townsend, S. E. Tynan, C. T. Wilson, P. Woehler, E. |
author_facet |
Ainley, D. Ballard, G. Ackley, S. Blight, L. K. Eastman, J. T. Emslie, S. D. Lescroel, A. Olmastroni, S. Townsend, S. E. Tynan, C. T. Wilson, P. Woehler, E. |
author_sort |
Ainley, D. |
title |
Paradigm lost, or is top-down forcing no longer significant in the Antarctic marine ecosystem? |
title_short |
Paradigm lost, or is top-down forcing no longer significant in the Antarctic marine ecosystem? |
title_full |
Paradigm lost, or is top-down forcing no longer significant in the Antarctic marine ecosystem? |
title_fullStr |
Paradigm lost, or is top-down forcing no longer significant in the Antarctic marine ecosystem? |
title_full_unstemmed |
Paradigm lost, or is top-down forcing no longer significant in the Antarctic marine ecosystem? |
title_sort |
paradigm lost, or is top-down forcing no longer significant in the antarctic marine ecosystem? |
publishDate |
2007 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/11365/1108759 https://doi.org/10.1017/S095410200700051X |
geographic |
Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic baleen whales Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic baleen whales Southern Ocean |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/wos/WOS:000250068600002 volume:19 issue:3 firstpage:283 lastpage:290 numberofpages:8 journal:ANTARCTIC SCIENCE http://hdl.handle.net/11365/1108759 doi:10.1017/S095410200700051X info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/scopus/2-s2.0-34548074973 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1017/S095410200700051X |
container_title |
Antarctic Science |
container_volume |
19 |
container_issue |
3 |
container_start_page |
283 |
op_container_end_page |
290 |
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1796301335956553728 |