Identification and characterisation of an ostreid herpesvirus-1 microvariant (OsHV-1 μ-var) in Crassostrea gigas (Pacific oysters) in Australia
Between November 2010 and January 2011, triploid Crassostrea gigas (Pacific oysters) cultivated in the Georges River, New South Wales, experienced >95% mortality. Mortalities also occurred in wild diploid C. gigas in the Georges River and shortly thereafter in the adjacent Parramatta River estuar...
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3354/dao02623 |
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ftunivscoast:usc:22429 2023-05-15T15:58:27+02:00 Identification and characterisation of an ostreid herpesvirus-1 microvariant (OsHV-1 μ-var) in Crassostrea gigas (Pacific oysters) in Australia Jenkins, C Hick, P Gabor, M Spiers, Z Fell, S A Gu, X Read, A Go, J Dove, M O'Connor, W A Kirkland, P D Frances, J 2013 https://doi.org/10.3354/dao02623 eng eng Inter-Research usc:22429 URN:ISSN: 0177-5103 Copyright © 2002 Inter-Research. The author's accepted version is reproduced in accordance with the copyright policy of the publisher. FoR 06 (Biological Sciences) FoR 07 (Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences) viral disease triploid bivalve aquaculture environmental stressor phytoplankton bloom biotoxin vibrio New South Wales Journal Article 2013 ftunivscoast https://doi.org/10.3354/dao02623 2020-06-01T22:26:18Z Between November 2010 and January 2011, triploid Crassostrea gigas (Pacific oysters) cultivated in the Georges River, New South Wales, experienced >95% mortality. Mortalities also occurred in wild diploid C. gigas in the Georges River and shortly thereafter in the adjacent Parramatta River estuary upstream from Sydney Harbour. Neighbouring Saccostrea glomerata (Sydney rock oysters) did not experience mortalities in either estuary. Surviving oysters were collected to investigate the cause of mortalities. Histologically all oysters displayed significant pathology, and molecular testing revealed a high prevalence of ostreid herpesvirus-1 (OsHV-1). Quantitative PCR indicated that many C. gigas were carrying a high viral load at the time of sampling, while the load in S. glomerata was significantly lower (p & 0.001). Subsequent in situ hybridisation experiments confirmed the presence of a herpesvirus in C. gigas but not S. glomerata tissues, suggesting that S. glomerata is not susceptible to infection with OsHV-1. Naïve sentinel triploid C. gigas placed in the Georges River estuary in January 2011 quickly became infected and experienced nearly 100% mortality within 2 wk of exposure, indicating the persistence of the virus in the environment. Phylogenetic analysis of sequences derived from the C2/C6 region of the virus revealed that the Australian strain of OsHV-1 belongs to the microvariant (μ- var) cluster, which has been associated with severe mortalities in C. gigas in other countries since 2008. Environmental data revealed that the Woolooware Bay outbreaks occurred during a time of considerable environmental disturbance, with increased water temperatures, heavy rainfall, a toxic phytoplankton bloom and the presence of a pathogenic Vibrio sp. all potentially contributing to oyster stress. This is the first confirmed report of OsHV-1 μ-var related C. gigas mortalities in Australia. © Inter-Research 2013. Article in Journal/Newspaper Crassostrea gigas University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia: COAST Research Database Pacific Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 105 2 109 126 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia: COAST Research Database |
op_collection_id |
ftunivscoast |
language |
English |
topic |
FoR 06 (Biological Sciences) FoR 07 (Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences) viral disease triploid bivalve aquaculture environmental stressor phytoplankton bloom biotoxin vibrio New South Wales |
spellingShingle |
FoR 06 (Biological Sciences) FoR 07 (Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences) viral disease triploid bivalve aquaculture environmental stressor phytoplankton bloom biotoxin vibrio New South Wales Jenkins, C Hick, P Gabor, M Spiers, Z Fell, S A Gu, X Read, A Go, J Dove, M O'Connor, W A Kirkland, P D Frances, J Identification and characterisation of an ostreid herpesvirus-1 microvariant (OsHV-1 μ-var) in Crassostrea gigas (Pacific oysters) in Australia |
topic_facet |
FoR 06 (Biological Sciences) FoR 07 (Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences) viral disease triploid bivalve aquaculture environmental stressor phytoplankton bloom biotoxin vibrio New South Wales |
description |
Between November 2010 and January 2011, triploid Crassostrea gigas (Pacific oysters) cultivated in the Georges River, New South Wales, experienced >95% mortality. Mortalities also occurred in wild diploid C. gigas in the Georges River and shortly thereafter in the adjacent Parramatta River estuary upstream from Sydney Harbour. Neighbouring Saccostrea glomerata (Sydney rock oysters) did not experience mortalities in either estuary. Surviving oysters were collected to investigate the cause of mortalities. Histologically all oysters displayed significant pathology, and molecular testing revealed a high prevalence of ostreid herpesvirus-1 (OsHV-1). Quantitative PCR indicated that many C. gigas were carrying a high viral load at the time of sampling, while the load in S. glomerata was significantly lower (p & 0.001). Subsequent in situ hybridisation experiments confirmed the presence of a herpesvirus in C. gigas but not S. glomerata tissues, suggesting that S. glomerata is not susceptible to infection with OsHV-1. Naïve sentinel triploid C. gigas placed in the Georges River estuary in January 2011 quickly became infected and experienced nearly 100% mortality within 2 wk of exposure, indicating the persistence of the virus in the environment. Phylogenetic analysis of sequences derived from the C2/C6 region of the virus revealed that the Australian strain of OsHV-1 belongs to the microvariant (μ- var) cluster, which has been associated with severe mortalities in C. gigas in other countries since 2008. Environmental data revealed that the Woolooware Bay outbreaks occurred during a time of considerable environmental disturbance, with increased water temperatures, heavy rainfall, a toxic phytoplankton bloom and the presence of a pathogenic Vibrio sp. all potentially contributing to oyster stress. This is the first confirmed report of OsHV-1 μ-var related C. gigas mortalities in Australia. © Inter-Research 2013. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Jenkins, C Hick, P Gabor, M Spiers, Z Fell, S A Gu, X Read, A Go, J Dove, M O'Connor, W A Kirkland, P D Frances, J |
author_facet |
Jenkins, C Hick, P Gabor, M Spiers, Z Fell, S A Gu, X Read, A Go, J Dove, M O'Connor, W A Kirkland, P D Frances, J |
author_sort |
Jenkins, C |
title |
Identification and characterisation of an ostreid herpesvirus-1 microvariant (OsHV-1 μ-var) in Crassostrea gigas (Pacific oysters) in Australia |
title_short |
Identification and characterisation of an ostreid herpesvirus-1 microvariant (OsHV-1 μ-var) in Crassostrea gigas (Pacific oysters) in Australia |
title_full |
Identification and characterisation of an ostreid herpesvirus-1 microvariant (OsHV-1 μ-var) in Crassostrea gigas (Pacific oysters) in Australia |
title_fullStr |
Identification and characterisation of an ostreid herpesvirus-1 microvariant (OsHV-1 μ-var) in Crassostrea gigas (Pacific oysters) in Australia |
title_full_unstemmed |
Identification and characterisation of an ostreid herpesvirus-1 microvariant (OsHV-1 μ-var) in Crassostrea gigas (Pacific oysters) in Australia |
title_sort |
identification and characterisation of an ostreid herpesvirus-1 microvariant (oshv-1 μ-var) in crassostrea gigas (pacific oysters) in australia |
publisher |
Inter-Research |
publishDate |
2013 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3354/dao02623 |
geographic |
Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Pacific |
genre |
Crassostrea gigas |
genre_facet |
Crassostrea gigas |
op_relation |
usc:22429 URN:ISSN: 0177-5103 |
op_rights |
Copyright © 2002 Inter-Research. The author's accepted version is reproduced in accordance with the copyright policy of the publisher. |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3354/dao02623 |
container_title |
Diseases of Aquatic Organisms |
container_volume |
105 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
109 |
op_container_end_page |
126 |
_version_ |
1766394205252354048 |