Molecular Detection of the Sxta Gene from Saxitoxin-Producing Alexandrium minutum in Commercial Oysters
The production of toxic secondary metabolites by marine phytoplankton and their accumulation in molluscs and fish has ecosystem-wide and human health impacts. The potent neurotoxin saxitoxin and its analogs, which can cause paralytic shellfish poisoning, are produced by species of the dinoflagellate...
Published in: | Journal of Shellfish Research |
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Language: | English |
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National Shellfisheries Association, Inc.
2016
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.2983/035.035.0118 |
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ftunivscoast:usc:22415 2023-05-15T15:58:01+02:00 Molecular Detection of the Sxta Gene from Saxitoxin-Producing Alexandrium minutum in Commercial Oysters Farrell, H O'Connor, W A Seebacher, F Harwood, D T Murray, S 2016 https://doi.org/10.2983/035.035.0118 eng eng National Shellfisheries Association, Inc. usc:22415 URN:ISSN: 0730-8000 Copyright © 2016 National Shellfisheries Association. Reproduced with permission of the publisher. FoR 0608 (Zoology) FoR 0704 (Fisheries Sciences) Alexandrium minutum sxtA gene qPCR saxitoxin Crassostrea gigas Journal Article 2016 ftunivscoast https://doi.org/10.2983/035.035.0118 2018-07-29T23:49:36Z The production of toxic secondary metabolites by marine phytoplankton and their accumulation in molluscs and fish has ecosystem-wide and human health impacts. The potent neurotoxin saxitoxin and its analogs, which can cause paralytic shellfish poisoning, are produced by species of the dinoflagellate genus Alexandrium. These toxins can accumulate in filter-feeding molluscs, including commercially grown species of shellfish. A feeding experiment was designed to assess the use of quantitative polymerase chain reaction to detect a gene involved in saxitoxin biosynthesis (sxtA) in two commercial oyster stocks. Both diploid and triploid Crassostrea gigas were fed with toxic cultures of Alexandrium minutum over a period of 12 days to allow toxin accumulation. A barcoding gene specific to Alexandrium (ITS 5.8s rRNA) and the sxtA gene, domain 4, which is specific to the saxitoxin synthesis pathway, were assayed. Both targets were detected in oysters collected after 6 and 12 days feeding with A. minutum, and after 24 h of depuration during which the oysters were fed nontoxic microalgae only. The target genes were not detected in control oysters. These methods can be used as a relatively rapid and inexpensive screen that is indicative of the presence of saxitoxin-producing microalgae in shellfish. Article in Journal/Newspaper Crassostrea gigas University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia: COAST Research Database Journal of Shellfish Research 35 1 169 177 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia: COAST Research Database |
op_collection_id |
ftunivscoast |
language |
English |
topic |
FoR 0608 (Zoology) FoR 0704 (Fisheries Sciences) Alexandrium minutum sxtA gene qPCR saxitoxin Crassostrea gigas |
spellingShingle |
FoR 0608 (Zoology) FoR 0704 (Fisheries Sciences) Alexandrium minutum sxtA gene qPCR saxitoxin Crassostrea gigas Farrell, H O'Connor, W A Seebacher, F Harwood, D T Murray, S Molecular Detection of the Sxta Gene from Saxitoxin-Producing Alexandrium minutum in Commercial Oysters |
topic_facet |
FoR 0608 (Zoology) FoR 0704 (Fisheries Sciences) Alexandrium minutum sxtA gene qPCR saxitoxin Crassostrea gigas |
description |
The production of toxic secondary metabolites by marine phytoplankton and their accumulation in molluscs and fish has ecosystem-wide and human health impacts. The potent neurotoxin saxitoxin and its analogs, which can cause paralytic shellfish poisoning, are produced by species of the dinoflagellate genus Alexandrium. These toxins can accumulate in filter-feeding molluscs, including commercially grown species of shellfish. A feeding experiment was designed to assess the use of quantitative polymerase chain reaction to detect a gene involved in saxitoxin biosynthesis (sxtA) in two commercial oyster stocks. Both diploid and triploid Crassostrea gigas were fed with toxic cultures of Alexandrium minutum over a period of 12 days to allow toxin accumulation. A barcoding gene specific to Alexandrium (ITS 5.8s rRNA) and the sxtA gene, domain 4, which is specific to the saxitoxin synthesis pathway, were assayed. Both targets were detected in oysters collected after 6 and 12 days feeding with A. minutum, and after 24 h of depuration during which the oysters were fed nontoxic microalgae only. The target genes were not detected in control oysters. These methods can be used as a relatively rapid and inexpensive screen that is indicative of the presence of saxitoxin-producing microalgae in shellfish. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Farrell, H O'Connor, W A Seebacher, F Harwood, D T Murray, S |
author_facet |
Farrell, H O'Connor, W A Seebacher, F Harwood, D T Murray, S |
author_sort |
Farrell, H |
title |
Molecular Detection of the Sxta Gene from Saxitoxin-Producing Alexandrium minutum in Commercial Oysters |
title_short |
Molecular Detection of the Sxta Gene from Saxitoxin-Producing Alexandrium minutum in Commercial Oysters |
title_full |
Molecular Detection of the Sxta Gene from Saxitoxin-Producing Alexandrium minutum in Commercial Oysters |
title_fullStr |
Molecular Detection of the Sxta Gene from Saxitoxin-Producing Alexandrium minutum in Commercial Oysters |
title_full_unstemmed |
Molecular Detection of the Sxta Gene from Saxitoxin-Producing Alexandrium minutum in Commercial Oysters |
title_sort |
molecular detection of the sxta gene from saxitoxin-producing alexandrium minutum in commercial oysters |
publisher |
National Shellfisheries Association, Inc. |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.2983/035.035.0118 |
genre |
Crassostrea gigas |
genre_facet |
Crassostrea gigas |
op_relation |
usc:22415 URN:ISSN: 0730-8000 |
op_rights |
Copyright © 2016 National Shellfisheries Association. Reproduced with permission of the publisher. |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.2983/035.035.0118 |
container_title |
Journal of Shellfish Research |
container_volume |
35 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
169 |
op_container_end_page |
177 |
_version_ |
1766393729219821568 |