Hydrogeomorphic linkages of sediment transport in headwater streams, Maybeso Experimental Forest, southeast Alaska
Hydrogemorphic linkages related to sediment transport in headwater streams following basin wide clear-cut logging on Prince of Wales Island, southeast Alaska, were investigated. Landslides and debris flows transported sediment and woody debris in headwater tributaries in 1961, 1979, and 1993. Widesp...
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Language: | English |
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John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
2004
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.1366 |
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ftunivscoast:usc:15802 2023-05-15T18:03:32+02:00 Hydrogeomorphic linkages of sediment transport in headwater streams, Maybeso Experimental Forest, southeast Alaska Gomi, T Sidle, Roy C Swanston, D N 2004 https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.1366 eng eng John Wiley & Sons Ltd. usc:15802 URN:ISSN: 0885-6087 FoR 0406 (Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience) FoR 0905 (Civil Engineering) FoR 0907 (Environmental Engineering) headwater streams landslides debris flows debris fans bedload transport and storage riparian vegetation southeast Alaska Journal Article 2004 ftunivscoast https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.1366 2019-06-17T22:26:25Z Hydrogemorphic linkages related to sediment transport in headwater streams following basin wide clear-cut logging on Prince of Wales Island, southeast Alaska, were investigated. Landslides and debris flows transported sediment and woody debris in headwater tributaries in 1961, 1979, and 1993. Widespread landsliding in 1961 and 1993 was triggered by rainstorms with recurrence intervals (24 h precipitation) of 7.0 years and 4.2 years respectively. Occurrence, distribution, and downstream effects of these mass movements were controlled by landform characteristics such as channel gradient and valley configuration. Landslides and channelized debris flows created exposed bedrock reaches, log jams, fans, and abandoned channels. The terminus of the deposits did not enter main channels because debris flows spread and thinned on the unconfined bottom of the U-shaped glaciated valley. Chronic sediment input to channels included surface erosion of exposed till (rain splash, sheet erosion, and freeze - thaw action) and bank failures. Bedload sediment transport in a channel impacted by 1993 landslides and debris flows was two to ten times greater and relatively finer compared with bedload transport in a young alder riparian channel that had last experienced a landslide and debris flow in 1961. Sediment transport and storage were influenced by regeneration of riparian vegetation, storage behind recruited woody debris, development of a streambed armour layer, and the decoupling of hillslopes and channels. Both spatial and temporal variations of sediment movement and riparian condition are important factors in understanding material transport within headwaters and through channel networks. © 2004 John Wiley and Sons, Ltd. Article in Journal/Newspaper Prince of Wales Island Alaska University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia: COAST Research Database Prince of Wales Island ENVELOPE(-99.001,-99.001,72.668,72.668) Hydrological Processes 18 4 667 683 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia: COAST Research Database |
op_collection_id |
ftunivscoast |
language |
English |
topic |
FoR 0406 (Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience) FoR 0905 (Civil Engineering) FoR 0907 (Environmental Engineering) headwater streams landslides debris flows debris fans bedload transport and storage riparian vegetation southeast Alaska |
spellingShingle |
FoR 0406 (Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience) FoR 0905 (Civil Engineering) FoR 0907 (Environmental Engineering) headwater streams landslides debris flows debris fans bedload transport and storage riparian vegetation southeast Alaska Gomi, T Sidle, Roy C Swanston, D N Hydrogeomorphic linkages of sediment transport in headwater streams, Maybeso Experimental Forest, southeast Alaska |
topic_facet |
FoR 0406 (Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience) FoR 0905 (Civil Engineering) FoR 0907 (Environmental Engineering) headwater streams landslides debris flows debris fans bedload transport and storage riparian vegetation southeast Alaska |
description |
Hydrogemorphic linkages related to sediment transport in headwater streams following basin wide clear-cut logging on Prince of Wales Island, southeast Alaska, were investigated. Landslides and debris flows transported sediment and woody debris in headwater tributaries in 1961, 1979, and 1993. Widespread landsliding in 1961 and 1993 was triggered by rainstorms with recurrence intervals (24 h precipitation) of 7.0 years and 4.2 years respectively. Occurrence, distribution, and downstream effects of these mass movements were controlled by landform characteristics such as channel gradient and valley configuration. Landslides and channelized debris flows created exposed bedrock reaches, log jams, fans, and abandoned channels. The terminus of the deposits did not enter main channels because debris flows spread and thinned on the unconfined bottom of the U-shaped glaciated valley. Chronic sediment input to channels included surface erosion of exposed till (rain splash, sheet erosion, and freeze - thaw action) and bank failures. Bedload sediment transport in a channel impacted by 1993 landslides and debris flows was two to ten times greater and relatively finer compared with bedload transport in a young alder riparian channel that had last experienced a landslide and debris flow in 1961. Sediment transport and storage were influenced by regeneration of riparian vegetation, storage behind recruited woody debris, development of a streambed armour layer, and the decoupling of hillslopes and channels. Both spatial and temporal variations of sediment movement and riparian condition are important factors in understanding material transport within headwaters and through channel networks. © 2004 John Wiley and Sons, Ltd. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Gomi, T Sidle, Roy C Swanston, D N |
author_facet |
Gomi, T Sidle, Roy C Swanston, D N |
author_sort |
Gomi, T |
title |
Hydrogeomorphic linkages of sediment transport in headwater streams, Maybeso Experimental Forest, southeast Alaska |
title_short |
Hydrogeomorphic linkages of sediment transport in headwater streams, Maybeso Experimental Forest, southeast Alaska |
title_full |
Hydrogeomorphic linkages of sediment transport in headwater streams, Maybeso Experimental Forest, southeast Alaska |
title_fullStr |
Hydrogeomorphic linkages of sediment transport in headwater streams, Maybeso Experimental Forest, southeast Alaska |
title_full_unstemmed |
Hydrogeomorphic linkages of sediment transport in headwater streams, Maybeso Experimental Forest, southeast Alaska |
title_sort |
hydrogeomorphic linkages of sediment transport in headwater streams, maybeso experimental forest, southeast alaska |
publisher |
John Wiley & Sons Ltd. |
publishDate |
2004 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.1366 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-99.001,-99.001,72.668,72.668) |
geographic |
Prince of Wales Island |
geographic_facet |
Prince of Wales Island |
genre |
Prince of Wales Island Alaska |
genre_facet |
Prince of Wales Island Alaska |
op_relation |
usc:15802 URN:ISSN: 0885-6087 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.1366 |
container_title |
Hydrological Processes |
container_volume |
18 |
container_issue |
4 |
container_start_page |
667 |
op_container_end_page |
683 |
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1766174415285911552 |