Microbiology of alpine cushion plants: influence of biotic and abiotic drivers on microbial communities
Microorganisms are key component of Earth biodiversity and ecosystem processes, especially in soils where they interact with plants. The objectives of the PhD was to caracterize the plant and abiotic respective influence on microbial spatial distribution. The work was based on a simplified soil biol...
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ftunivsavoie:oai:HAL:tel-01141406v1 2024-04-28T08:38:06+00:00 Microbiology of alpine cushion plants: influence of biotic and abiotic drivers on microbial communities Microbiologie des plantes en coussin des milieux alpins: influence des facteurs biotiques et abiotiques dans l’assemblage des communautés microbiennes Roy, Julien Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA) Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Université de Grenoble Roberto Geremia 2014-09-18 https://theses.hal.science/tel-01141406 https://theses.hal.science/tel-01141406/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-01141406/file/manuscrit_these_JulienRoy_final.pdf fr fre HAL CCSD tel-01141406 https://theses.hal.science/tel-01141406 https://theses.hal.science/tel-01141406/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-01141406/file/manuscrit_these_JulienRoy_final.pdf info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess https://theses.hal.science/tel-01141406 Interactions entre organismes. Université de Grenoble, 2014. Français. ⟨NNT : ⟩ écologie des communautés microorganisms molecular diversity community ecology cushion plants plantmicrobes interactions biogeography alpine ecosystem microorganismes diversité moléculaire plante en coussin interactions plante-microbes biogéographie écosystème alpin [SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment/Symbiosis [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment/Ecosystems [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics Phylogenetics and taxonomy info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis Theses 2014 ftunivsavoie 2024-04-11T01:02:23Z Microorganisms are key component of Earth biodiversity and ecosystem processes, especially in soils where they interact with plants. The objectives of the PhD was to caracterize the plant and abiotic respective influence on microbial spatial distribution. The work was based on a simplified soil biology model, the alpine cushion plants. We choose one species composed of variable morphotype, Silene acaulis, an ecosystem engineer species that creates de novo soilthrough growth. Sampling design includes soil within cushions and outside, spanning altitudinal and geological gradients. Molecular approachs were used to describe diversity and to genotype cushions. Cushions structures bacterial and fungal regional beta diversity through a micro-local buffering of the influence of abiotic context, homogeneizing soil pH and by nutrient supply. This engineering effect increased in stressful conditions and varied according to plantgenotype. Betadiversity differed between bacteria and fungi. Bacterial communities are mainly influenced by pH and converge within cushions while fungal communities correlate to cushion genetic, especially plant-associated biotrophs fungal clades. This work shows that plants act as a major biotic filter on microbial biogeography. Les microorganismes occupent une place centrale dans la diversité du vivant et les processus écosystémiques, notamment dans le sol où ils sont en interaction avec les plantes. Cette thèse vise à caractériser l’influence respective des plantes et du contexte abiotique dans la distribution spatiale des microorganismes. Le travail s’appuie sur un modèle simplifié de la biologie des sols, les plantes en coussins des falaises de haute montagne. Nous avons suivi une seule espèce aux morphotypes variés, Silene acaulis, une espèce ingénieure de l’écosystème dont la croissance mène à la création d’un sol de novo. L’échantillonnage comprend le prélèvement de sol de plante et de sol extérieur comme témoin, pour des coussins distribués le long de gradients altitudinaux et ... Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis Silene acaulis Université Savoie Mont Blanc: HAL |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Université Savoie Mont Blanc: HAL |
op_collection_id |
ftunivsavoie |
language |
French |
topic |
écologie des communautés microorganisms molecular diversity community ecology cushion plants plantmicrobes interactions biogeography alpine ecosystem microorganismes diversité moléculaire plante en coussin interactions plante-microbes biogéographie écosystème alpin [SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment/Symbiosis [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment/Ecosystems [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics Phylogenetics and taxonomy |
spellingShingle |
écologie des communautés microorganisms molecular diversity community ecology cushion plants plantmicrobes interactions biogeography alpine ecosystem microorganismes diversité moléculaire plante en coussin interactions plante-microbes biogéographie écosystème alpin [SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment/Symbiosis [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment/Ecosystems [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics Phylogenetics and taxonomy Roy, Julien Microbiology of alpine cushion plants: influence of biotic and abiotic drivers on microbial communities |
topic_facet |
écologie des communautés microorganisms molecular diversity community ecology cushion plants plantmicrobes interactions biogeography alpine ecosystem microorganismes diversité moléculaire plante en coussin interactions plante-microbes biogéographie écosystème alpin [SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment/Symbiosis [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment/Ecosystems [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics Phylogenetics and taxonomy |
description |
Microorganisms are key component of Earth biodiversity and ecosystem processes, especially in soils where they interact with plants. The objectives of the PhD was to caracterize the plant and abiotic respective influence on microbial spatial distribution. The work was based on a simplified soil biology model, the alpine cushion plants. We choose one species composed of variable morphotype, Silene acaulis, an ecosystem engineer species that creates de novo soilthrough growth. Sampling design includes soil within cushions and outside, spanning altitudinal and geological gradients. Molecular approachs were used to describe diversity and to genotype cushions. Cushions structures bacterial and fungal regional beta diversity through a micro-local buffering of the influence of abiotic context, homogeneizing soil pH and by nutrient supply. This engineering effect increased in stressful conditions and varied according to plantgenotype. Betadiversity differed between bacteria and fungi. Bacterial communities are mainly influenced by pH and converge within cushions while fungal communities correlate to cushion genetic, especially plant-associated biotrophs fungal clades. This work shows that plants act as a major biotic filter on microbial biogeography. Les microorganismes occupent une place centrale dans la diversité du vivant et les processus écosystémiques, notamment dans le sol où ils sont en interaction avec les plantes. Cette thèse vise à caractériser l’influence respective des plantes et du contexte abiotique dans la distribution spatiale des microorganismes. Le travail s’appuie sur un modèle simplifié de la biologie des sols, les plantes en coussins des falaises de haute montagne. Nous avons suivi une seule espèce aux morphotypes variés, Silene acaulis, une espèce ingénieure de l’écosystème dont la croissance mène à la création d’un sol de novo. L’échantillonnage comprend le prélèvement de sol de plante et de sol extérieur comme témoin, pour des coussins distribués le long de gradients altitudinaux et ... |
author2 |
Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA) Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Université de Grenoble Roberto Geremia |
format |
Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
author |
Roy, Julien |
author_facet |
Roy, Julien |
author_sort |
Roy, Julien |
title |
Microbiology of alpine cushion plants: influence of biotic and abiotic drivers on microbial communities |
title_short |
Microbiology of alpine cushion plants: influence of biotic and abiotic drivers on microbial communities |
title_full |
Microbiology of alpine cushion plants: influence of biotic and abiotic drivers on microbial communities |
title_fullStr |
Microbiology of alpine cushion plants: influence of biotic and abiotic drivers on microbial communities |
title_full_unstemmed |
Microbiology of alpine cushion plants: influence of biotic and abiotic drivers on microbial communities |
title_sort |
microbiology of alpine cushion plants: influence of biotic and abiotic drivers on microbial communities |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2014 |
url |
https://theses.hal.science/tel-01141406 https://theses.hal.science/tel-01141406/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-01141406/file/manuscrit_these_JulienRoy_final.pdf |
genre |
Silene acaulis |
genre_facet |
Silene acaulis |
op_source |
https://theses.hal.science/tel-01141406 Interactions entre organismes. Université de Grenoble, 2014. Français. ⟨NNT : ⟩ |
op_relation |
tel-01141406 https://theses.hal.science/tel-01141406 https://theses.hal.science/tel-01141406/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-01141406/file/manuscrit_these_JulienRoy_final.pdf |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
_version_ |
1797569291578507264 |