Evolution of the snow surface on the Antarctic Plateau : satellite and in situ observation
The snow surface on the Antarctic Plateau plays an important role to study the surface mass and energy balance. Its characteristics depend on interactions between the atmospheric conditions and the top of the snowpack such as snowfall, snow remobilization by the wind and metamorphism. All the surfac...
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Other Authors: | , , , , , |
Format: | Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
Language: | French |
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HAL CCSD
2013
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Online Access: | https://theses.hal.science/tel-00934480 https://theses.hal.science/tel-00934480/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-00934480/file/pdf2star-1382703730-31631_CHAMPOLLION_2013_archivage.pdf |
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ftunivsavoie:oai:HAL:tel-00934480v1 |
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record_format |
openpolar |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Université Savoie Mont Blanc: HAL |
op_collection_id |
ftunivsavoie |
language |
French |
topic |
Antarctica Snow surface Observation & modeling Infrared photographs Microwave polarization ratio Density hoar and wind Antarctique Surface de neige Observation & modélisation Photographies infrarouges Rapport de polarisation micro-onde Densité givre et vent [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences |
spellingShingle |
Antarctica Snow surface Observation & modeling Infrared photographs Microwave polarization ratio Density hoar and wind Antarctique Surface de neige Observation & modélisation Photographies infrarouges Rapport de polarisation micro-onde Densité givre et vent [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences Champollion, Nicolas Evolution of the snow surface on the Antarctic Plateau : satellite and in situ observation |
topic_facet |
Antarctica Snow surface Observation & modeling Infrared photographs Microwave polarization ratio Density hoar and wind Antarctique Surface de neige Observation & modélisation Photographies infrarouges Rapport de polarisation micro-onde Densité givre et vent [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences |
description |
The snow surface on the Antarctic Plateau plays an important role to study the surface mass and energy balance. Its characteristics depend on interactions between the atmospheric conditions and the top of the snowpack such as snowfall, snow remobilization by the wind and metamorphism. All the surface characteristics like type of crystals, roughness, density, albedo … are rounded up the expression surface state. Objective of this thesis is to study the surface state and its evolution due to atmospheric conditions, from satellite and in situ observations. Analyzing together in situ and satellite observations, respectively from infrared pictures of the snow surface (developing an algorithm to study the image texture) and microwave emission of snow (using the polarization ratio that principally depends on the snow density near the surface), showed that the surface quickly evolves at Dome C. Specifically, periods where hoar covers totally the surface are observed and represents around 45% of time. Surface evolution is also characterized by rapid and high increase of the surface height which could be widely higher than the mean annual accumulation of 8 cm (to 20 cm in 2 hours). The wind is essential for the snow surface evolution. Especially, these works showed that wind direction changes during the disappearance of hoar crystals (perpendicular to the prevailing direction, i.e. the Southwest). Finally, correlation between presence of hoar on the surface and polarization ratio extended these results for the 10 years of satellite observation. It shows the potential to detect precipitation events from passive microwave observation. Modeling microwave emission at 19 and 37 GHz was performed at Dome C by a radiative transfer model (DMRT-ML). Snowpack properties (grain size, density and temperature) used as model inputs were measured during the 2010 – 2011 summer field campaign. Simulations results showed that the snow density near the surface is mainly responsible of the variations of polarization ratio. Surface density ... |
author2 |
Laboratoire de glaciologie et géophysique de l'environnement (LGGE) Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG) Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Université de Grenoble Ghilsain Picard Michel Fily |
format |
Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
author |
Champollion, Nicolas |
author_facet |
Champollion, Nicolas |
author_sort |
Champollion, Nicolas |
title |
Evolution of the snow surface on the Antarctic Plateau : satellite and in situ observation |
title_short |
Evolution of the snow surface on the Antarctic Plateau : satellite and in situ observation |
title_full |
Evolution of the snow surface on the Antarctic Plateau : satellite and in situ observation |
title_fullStr |
Evolution of the snow surface on the Antarctic Plateau : satellite and in situ observation |
title_full_unstemmed |
Evolution of the snow surface on the Antarctic Plateau : satellite and in situ observation |
title_sort |
evolution of the snow surface on the antarctic plateau : satellite and in situ observation |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2013 |
url |
https://theses.hal.science/tel-00934480 https://theses.hal.science/tel-00934480/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-00934480/file/pdf2star-1382703730-31631_CHAMPOLLION_2013_archivage.pdf |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Antarctique* |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Antarctique* |
op_source |
https://theses.hal.science/tel-00934480 Sciences de la Terre. Université de Grenoble, 2013. Français. ⟨NNT : 2013GRENU016⟩ |
op_relation |
NNT: 2013GRENU016 tel-00934480 https://theses.hal.science/tel-00934480 https://theses.hal.science/tel-00934480/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-00934480/file/pdf2star-1382703730-31631_CHAMPOLLION_2013_archivage.pdf |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
_version_ |
1797587048967700480 |
spelling |
ftunivsavoie:oai:HAL:tel-00934480v1 2024-04-28T07:57:09+00:00 Evolution of the snow surface on the Antarctic Plateau : satellite and in situ observation Evolution de la surface de neige sur le plateau Antarctique : observation in situ et satellite Champollion, Nicolas Laboratoire de glaciologie et géophysique de l'environnement (LGGE) Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG) Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Université de Grenoble Ghilsain Picard Michel Fily 2013-03-19 https://theses.hal.science/tel-00934480 https://theses.hal.science/tel-00934480/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-00934480/file/pdf2star-1382703730-31631_CHAMPOLLION_2013_archivage.pdf fr fre HAL CCSD NNT: 2013GRENU016 tel-00934480 https://theses.hal.science/tel-00934480 https://theses.hal.science/tel-00934480/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-00934480/file/pdf2star-1382703730-31631_CHAMPOLLION_2013_archivage.pdf info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess https://theses.hal.science/tel-00934480 Sciences de la Terre. Université de Grenoble, 2013. Français. ⟨NNT : 2013GRENU016⟩ Antarctica Snow surface Observation & modeling Infrared photographs Microwave polarization ratio Density hoar and wind Antarctique Surface de neige Observation & modélisation Photographies infrarouges Rapport de polarisation micro-onde Densité givre et vent [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis Theses 2013 ftunivsavoie 2024-04-11T00:10:42Z The snow surface on the Antarctic Plateau plays an important role to study the surface mass and energy balance. Its characteristics depend on interactions between the atmospheric conditions and the top of the snowpack such as snowfall, snow remobilization by the wind and metamorphism. All the surface characteristics like type of crystals, roughness, density, albedo … are rounded up the expression surface state. Objective of this thesis is to study the surface state and its evolution due to atmospheric conditions, from satellite and in situ observations. Analyzing together in situ and satellite observations, respectively from infrared pictures of the snow surface (developing an algorithm to study the image texture) and microwave emission of snow (using the polarization ratio that principally depends on the snow density near the surface), showed that the surface quickly evolves at Dome C. Specifically, periods where hoar covers totally the surface are observed and represents around 45% of time. Surface evolution is also characterized by rapid and high increase of the surface height which could be widely higher than the mean annual accumulation of 8 cm (to 20 cm in 2 hours). The wind is essential for the snow surface evolution. Especially, these works showed that wind direction changes during the disappearance of hoar crystals (perpendicular to the prevailing direction, i.e. the Southwest). Finally, correlation between presence of hoar on the surface and polarization ratio extended these results for the 10 years of satellite observation. It shows the potential to detect precipitation events from passive microwave observation. Modeling microwave emission at 19 and 37 GHz was performed at Dome C by a radiative transfer model (DMRT-ML). Snowpack properties (grain size, density and temperature) used as model inputs were measured during the 2010 – 2011 summer field campaign. Simulations results showed that the snow density near the surface is mainly responsible of the variations of polarization ratio. Surface density ... Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Antarctique* Université Savoie Mont Blanc: HAL |