CRISES VOLCANO-TECTONIQUES ET DIVERGENCE DE PLAQUES EN ISLANDE : MESURE PAR GPS ET MODELISATION NUMERIQUE

• Main Author: Berger, Antoine
• Other Authors: Laboratoire de Géodynamique des Chaines Alpines (LGCA), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Savoie, Jouanne François
• Format: Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis
• Language: French
• Published: HAL CCSD 2004
• Subjects: Iceland; geodynamic; numerical modelling; rifting crisis; tectonic; Islande; géodynamique; modélisation; GPS; crise de rifting; tectonique; extension; [SDU.STU.AG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Applied geology; [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph]; [SDU.STU.TE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Tectonics; [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences
• Online Access: https://theses.hal.science/tel-00009362; https://theses.hal.science/tel-00009362/document; https://theses.hal.science/tel-00009362/file/tel-00009362.pdf

M. P. Briole, Chargé de Recherche C.N.R.S., IPG Paris, Rapporteur M. J. Chéry, Chargé de Recherche C.N.R.S., Université de Montpellier II, Rapporteur M. J. Angelier, Professeur, Université de Paris VI, Examinateur M. G. Bokelmann, Professeur, Université de Montpellier II, Examinateur M. M. Tardy, Professeur, Université de Savoie, Examinateur M. F. Jouanne, Maître de Conférences, Université de Savoie, Directeur de Thèse M. R. Hassani, Maître de Conférences, Université de Savoie, Invité M. T. Villemin, Maître de Conférences, Université de Savoie, Invité The specific geodynamic context of Iceland results from the simultaneous effect of an oceanic rift and a mantellic plume. Many studies realized nowadays about the tectonic activity of Iceland have shown that deformation is expressed by volcanic and seismic crisis. In the northern Iceland, the extensive deformation is expressed by volcano-tectonic crisis which the recurrence is near 250 years in the Northern Volcanic Zone (NVZ). In southern Iceland, the recurrence between each main events evolves between several years in the Eastern Volcanic Zone (EVZ) to 45 to 115 years for the South Iceland Seismic Zone (SISZ). All this studies show that the extensive deformation of Iceland is not continue and is expressed in surface by time variations of displacement. In this work, we propose to quantify and analyze the time variations of displacement and the steady-state opening in order to better apprehend the mechanisms which control the active deformation of Iceland. The goal of this study is to detect the different types of variations of displacement which occur in the main active structures of Iceland, to quantify the variations on the three component of the displacement, to estimate their duration and their origin, and understand their relation with the steady-state opening of the mid-oceanic ridge. Firstly, the analysis of the time series of this 17 CGPS stations in Iceland between July 2000 and December 2002 has allowed us to highlight some important displacement ...