Quality Assessment of the First Measurements of Tropospheric Water Vapor and Temperature by the HAMSTRAD Radiometer Over Concordia Station, Antarctica

• Published in: IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing
• Main Authors: Ricaud, P., Carminati, Fabien, Attié, Jean-Luc, Courcoux, Yann, Rose, Thomas, Genthon, C., Pellegrini, Andrea, Tremblin, Pascal, August, Thomas
• Other Authors: Centre national de recherches météorologiques (CNRM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'aérologie (LAERO), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de l'Atmosphère et des Cyclones (LACy), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France, STRATO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Information Technology (Fraunhofer FIT), Fraunhofer (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft), Laboratoire de glaciologie et géophysique de l'environnement (LGGE), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Agenzia Nazionale per le nuove Tecnologie, l’energia e lo sviluppo economico sostenibile = Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT)
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: HAL CCSD 2013
• Subjects: Time series analysis; Temperature measurements; Antarctica; Atmospheric measurements; Humidity measurements; Least squares methods; Microwave radiometry; Microwave measurements; [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph]; Antarc*
• Online Access: https://hal.science/hal-00864744; https://hal.science/hal-00864744/document; https://hal.science/hal-00864744/file/Ricaud2013.pdf; https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2012.2225627

International audience The HAMSTRAD microwave instrument operates at 60 and 183 GHz and measures temperature and water vapor, respectively, from 0- to 10-km altitude with a time resolution of 7 min. The radiometer has been successfully deployed at Dome C (Concordia Station), Antarctica (75°06' S, 123°21' E, 3233 m amsl) during the first summertime campaign for 12 days in January-February 2009. The radiometer has been continuously running since January 2010, hosted within a dedicated shelter. We have used the very first set of HAMSTRAD data, recorded when the instrument was outdoors, to assess its potential to sound the troposphere over Dome C, from the planetary boundary layer (PBL) up to the tropopause ( ~ 6 km above surface, ~ 9 km amsl). We have compared the HAMSTRAD measurements to several sets of measurements performed at the Dome-C station or in its vicinity: meteorological radiosondes, in situ PT100 and Humicap sondes along the vertical extent of a 45-m tower, meteorological sensor attached to the HAMSTRAD instrument, and the spaceborne Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) instrument onboard the EUMETSAT MetOp-A satellite in polar orbit. The variability of integrated water vapor (IWV) observed by HAMSTRAD with extremely low values of 0.5 kg ·m -2 was also measured by the radiosondes (very high HAMSTRAD versus radiosonde correlation of 0.98), whereas IASI cloud-free measurements did not reproduce well the HAMSTRAD IWV variation (weak HAMSTRAD versus IASI correlation of 0.58). The measurements of absolute humidity (H 2 O) from HAMSTRAD at Dome C cover a large vertical extent from the surface to about 6 km above surface with a high sensitivity in the free troposphere. The strong diurnal variation of H 2 O observed by the in situ sensors in the PBL is not well detected by the radiometer. In the free troposphere, the HAMSTRAD versus radiosonde H 2 O correlation can reach 0.8-0.9. Around the tropopause, HAMSTRAD shows the same variability as IASI and radiosondes but with a dry bias of 0.01 g ·m ...