Whole genome sequencing of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus; Pleuronectiformes): A fish adapted to demersal life

• Published in: DNA Research
• Main Authors: Figueras, Antonio, Robledo Sánchez, Diego, Corvelo, André, Hermida Prieto, Miguel, Pereiro, Patricia, Rubiolo Gaytán, Juan Andrés, Gómez Garrido, Jèssica, Carreté, Laia, Bello Paderne, Xabier, Gut, Marta, Marcet-Houben, Marina, Forn-Cuní, Gabriel, Galán, Beatriz, García López, José Luis, Abal Fabeiro, José Luis, Gómez Pardo, María Belén, Taboada Penoucos, Xoana, Fernández López, José Carlos, Vlasova, Anna, Hermoso Pulido, Toni, Guigo, Roderic, Álvarez Dios, José Antonio, Gómez Tato, Antonio, Viñas Díaz, Ana María, Maside Rodríguez, Xulio, Gabaldón, Toni, Novoa, Beatriz, Bouza Fernández, María Carmen, Alioto, Tyler, Martínez Portela, Paulino
• Other Authors: Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular e Enfermidades Crónicas, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Anatomía Patolóxica e Ciencias Forenses, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Matemática Aplicada, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Matemáticas, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Zooloxía, Xenética e Antropoloxía Física
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford University Press
• Subjects: Turbot; Genome sequencing; Genetic map; Genome evolution; Productive traits; Scophthalmus maximus
• Online Access: http://hdl.handle.net/10347/26149; https://doi.org/10.1093/dnares/dsw007

The turbot is a flatfish (Pleuronectiformes) with increasing commercial value, which has prompted active genomic research aimed at more efficient selection. Here we present the sequence and annotation of the turbot genome, which represents a milestone for both boosting breeding programmes and ascertaining the origin and diversification of flatfish. We compare the turbot genome with model fish genomes to investigate teleost chromosome evolution. We observe a conserved macrosyntenic pattern within Percomorpha and identify large syntenic blocks within the turbot genome related to the teleost genome duplication. We identify gene family expansions and positive selection of genes associated with vision and metabolism of membrane lipids, which suggests adaptation to demersal lifestyle and to cold temperatures, respectively. Our data indicate a quick evolution and diversification of flatfish to adapt to benthic life and provide clues for understanding their controversial origin. Moreover, we investigate the genomic architecture of growth, sex determination and disease resistance, key traits for understanding local adaptation and boosting turbot production, by mapping candidate genes and previously reported quantitative trait loci. The genomic architecture of these productive traits has allowed the identification of candidate genes and enriched pathways that may represent useful information for future marker-assisted selection in turbot This work was funded by the Spanish Government: projects Consolider Ingenio: Aquagenomics (CSD2007-00002) and Metagenoma de la Península Ibérica (CSD2007-00005), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad and European Regional Development Funds (AGL2012-35904), and Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (AGL2014-51773 and AGL2014-57065-R); and Local Government Xunta de Galicia (GRC2014/010). P.P. and D.R. gratefully acknowledge the Spanish Ministerio de Educación for their FPU fellowships (AP2010-2408, AP2012-0254) SI