A Surface Ocean CO2 Reference Network, SOCONET and Associated Marine Boundary Layer CO2 Measurements

• Published in: Frontiers in Marine Science
• Main Authors: Wanninkhof, Rik, Pickers, Penelope A., Omar, Abdirahman M., Sutton, Adrienne, Murata, Akihiko, Olsen, Are S., Stephens, Britton B., Tilbrook, Bronte, Munro, David, Pierrot, Denis, Rehder, Gregor, Santana-Casiano, J. Magdalena, Müller, Jens D., Triñanes Fernández, Joaquín Ángel, Tedesco, Kathy, O’Brien, Kevin, Currie, Kim, Barbero, Leticia, Telszewski, Maciej, Hoppema, Mario, Ishii, Masao, González-Dávila, Melchor, Bates, Nicholas R., Metzl, Nicolas, Suntharalingam, Parvadha, Feely, Richard A., Nakaoka, Shin-ichiro, Lauvset, Siv K., Takahashi, Taro, Steinhoff, Tobias, Schuster, Ute
• Other Authors: Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Electrónica e Computación
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Frontiers Media
• Subjects: Carbon dioxide; Network; Oceanography; Fuxes; Best practices; Norway; Ocean acidification
• Online Access: http://hdl.handle.net/10347/21165; https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00400

The Surface Ocean CO2 NETwork (SOCONET) and atmospheric Marine Boundary Layer (MBL) CO2 measurements from ships and buoys focus on the operational aspects of measurements of CO2 in both the ocean surface and atmospheric MBLs. The goal is to provide accurate pCO2 data to within 2 micro atmosphere (μatm) for surface ocean and 0.2 parts per million (ppm) for MBL measurements following rigorous best practices, calibration and intercomparison procedures. Platforms and data will be tracked in near real-time and final quality-controlled data will be provided to the community within a year. The network, involving partners worldwide, will aid in production of important products such as maps of monthly resolved surface ocean CO2 and air-sea CO2 flux measurements. These products and other derivatives using surface ocean and MBL CO2 data, such as surface ocean pH maps and MBL CO2 maps, will be of high value for policy assessments and socio-economic decisions regarding the role of the ocean in sequestering anthropogenic CO2 and how this uptake is impacting ocean health by ocean acidification. SOCONET has an open ocean emphasis but will work with regional (coastal) networks. It will liaise with intergovernmental science organizations such as Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW), and the joint committee for and ocean and marine meteorology (JCOMM). Here we describe the details of this emerging network and its proposed operations and practices RW, AS, LB, DP, JT, NB, TT, RF, KO’B, and KT were supported by the NOAA office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research, including the Ocean Observations and Monitoring Division (OOMD), funding reference #100007298 and PMEL contribution #4893. AO and SL were supported by the Norwegian Research Council (ICOS-Norway 245927). MT acknowledges support from the United States National Science Foundation grant OCE-1840868 to the Scientific Committee on Oceanic Research (SCOR, United States). US was supported by the European AtlantOS project (Grant Agreement #633211), RINGO project (Grant Agreement ...