Seabirds as bioindicators of Southern Ocean ecosystems : concentrations of inorganic and organic contaminants, ecological explanation and critical evaluation
Antarctic and subantarctic marine environments are reached by inorganic and organic contaminants through ocean circulation and atmospheric transport. Yet, environmental contamination is poorly known in the Southern Ocean, in particular in the Indian sector. Among environmental contaminants, mercury...
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Language: | English |
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2014
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Online Access: | https://theses.hal.science/tel-01245450 https://theses.hal.science/tel-01245450/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-01245450/file/2005Carravieri58905.pdf |
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ftunivrochelle:oai:HAL:tel-01245450v1 2024-02-11T09:57:13+01:00 Seabirds as bioindicators of Southern Ocean ecosystems : concentrations of inorganic and organic contaminants, ecological explanation and critical evaluation Les oiseaux marins bioindicateurs des écosystèmes austraux : niveaux de contaminants métalliques et organiques, explication écologique et évaluation critique Carravieri, Alice LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés (LIENSs) La Rochelle Université (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé - UMR 7372 (CEBC) Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-La Rochelle Université (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Université de La Rochelle Paco Bustamante Yves Cherel 2014-10-20 https://theses.hal.science/tel-01245450 https://theses.hal.science/tel-01245450/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-01245450/file/2005Carravieri58905.pdf en eng HAL CCSD NNT: 2014LAROS026 tel-01245450 https://theses.hal.science/tel-01245450 https://theses.hal.science/tel-01245450/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-01245450/file/2005Carravieri58905.pdf info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess https://theses.hal.science/tel-01245450 Agricultural sciences. Université de La Rochelle, 2014. English. ⟨NNT : 2014LAROS026⟩ Albatrosses Feathers Feeding habits Mercury Penguins Persistent organic pollutants Petrels Stable isotopes Trace elements Albatros Écologie alimentaire Éléments traces métalliques Isotopes stables Mercure Manchots Pétrels Plumes Polluants organiques persistants [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis Theses 2014 ftunivrochelle 2024-01-23T23:35:50Z Antarctic and subantarctic marine environments are reached by inorganic and organic contaminants through ocean circulation and atmospheric transport. Yet, environmental contamination is poorly known in the Southern Ocean, in particular in the Indian sector. Among environmental contaminants, mercury (Hg) and persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are primarily of concern, because they are toxic, highly mobile, and they bioaccumulate in the tissues of living organisms and biomagnify up the food web. Seabirds, as upper predators, are exposed to large quantities of contaminants via food intake and have widely served as biomonitors of marine contamination, notably through the non-destructive sampling of their feathers and blood. My doctoral work has focussed on the abundant and diverse seabird species (more than 40) breeding in the French Southern and Antarctic Lands, southern Indian Ocean, in order to describe and explain contaminant concentrations over a large latitudinal gradient, from Antarctica to the subtropics, and to identify the best bioindicator species for contaminant biomonitoring. In a first methodological step, seabirds with synchronous moult of body feathers (adult penguins and chicks of all species) were recognised as good candidates as bioindicators, because, unlike most adult birds, they present low within-individual variation in feather contaminant concentrations. In a second explanatory step, the influence of intrinsic (individual traits) and extrinsic factors (feeding ecology inferred from the stable isotope method) driving variation in contaminant concentrations was evaluated in feathers of the large avian community of the Kerguelen Islands (27 species) and in blood of wandering albatrosses from the Crozet Islands (180 birds of known individual traits). Feeding ecology was the main factor driving variation in contaminant concentrations of blood and feathers, both at the community, population and individual levels, whereas age, sex, phylogeny and breeding status played a minor role. Age-class was ... Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Crozet Islands Kerguelen Islands Southern Ocean HAL - Université de La Rochelle Antarctic Southern Ocean Kerguelen Kerguelen Islands Indian Manchots ENVELOPE(141.397,141.397,-66.811,-66.811) Pétrels ENVELOPE(140.017,140.017,-66.667,-66.667) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
HAL - Université de La Rochelle |
op_collection_id |
ftunivrochelle |
language |
English |
topic |
Albatrosses Feathers Feeding habits Mercury Penguins Persistent organic pollutants Petrels Stable isotopes Trace elements Albatros Écologie alimentaire Éléments traces métalliques Isotopes stables Mercure Manchots Pétrels Plumes Polluants organiques persistants [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences |
spellingShingle |
Albatrosses Feathers Feeding habits Mercury Penguins Persistent organic pollutants Petrels Stable isotopes Trace elements Albatros Écologie alimentaire Éléments traces métalliques Isotopes stables Mercure Manchots Pétrels Plumes Polluants organiques persistants [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences Carravieri, Alice Seabirds as bioindicators of Southern Ocean ecosystems : concentrations of inorganic and organic contaminants, ecological explanation and critical evaluation |
topic_facet |
Albatrosses Feathers Feeding habits Mercury Penguins Persistent organic pollutants Petrels Stable isotopes Trace elements Albatros Écologie alimentaire Éléments traces métalliques Isotopes stables Mercure Manchots Pétrels Plumes Polluants organiques persistants [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences |
description |
Antarctic and subantarctic marine environments are reached by inorganic and organic contaminants through ocean circulation and atmospheric transport. Yet, environmental contamination is poorly known in the Southern Ocean, in particular in the Indian sector. Among environmental contaminants, mercury (Hg) and persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are primarily of concern, because they are toxic, highly mobile, and they bioaccumulate in the tissues of living organisms and biomagnify up the food web. Seabirds, as upper predators, are exposed to large quantities of contaminants via food intake and have widely served as biomonitors of marine contamination, notably through the non-destructive sampling of their feathers and blood. My doctoral work has focussed on the abundant and diverse seabird species (more than 40) breeding in the French Southern and Antarctic Lands, southern Indian Ocean, in order to describe and explain contaminant concentrations over a large latitudinal gradient, from Antarctica to the subtropics, and to identify the best bioindicator species for contaminant biomonitoring. In a first methodological step, seabirds with synchronous moult of body feathers (adult penguins and chicks of all species) were recognised as good candidates as bioindicators, because, unlike most adult birds, they present low within-individual variation in feather contaminant concentrations. In a second explanatory step, the influence of intrinsic (individual traits) and extrinsic factors (feeding ecology inferred from the stable isotope method) driving variation in contaminant concentrations was evaluated in feathers of the large avian community of the Kerguelen Islands (27 species) and in blood of wandering albatrosses from the Crozet Islands (180 birds of known individual traits). Feeding ecology was the main factor driving variation in contaminant concentrations of blood and feathers, both at the community, population and individual levels, whereas age, sex, phylogeny and breeding status played a minor role. Age-class was ... |
author2 |
LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés (LIENSs) La Rochelle Université (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé - UMR 7372 (CEBC) Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-La Rochelle Université (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Université de La Rochelle Paco Bustamante Yves Cherel |
format |
Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
author |
Carravieri, Alice |
author_facet |
Carravieri, Alice |
author_sort |
Carravieri, Alice |
title |
Seabirds as bioindicators of Southern Ocean ecosystems : concentrations of inorganic and organic contaminants, ecological explanation and critical evaluation |
title_short |
Seabirds as bioindicators of Southern Ocean ecosystems : concentrations of inorganic and organic contaminants, ecological explanation and critical evaluation |
title_full |
Seabirds as bioindicators of Southern Ocean ecosystems : concentrations of inorganic and organic contaminants, ecological explanation and critical evaluation |
title_fullStr |
Seabirds as bioindicators of Southern Ocean ecosystems : concentrations of inorganic and organic contaminants, ecological explanation and critical evaluation |
title_full_unstemmed |
Seabirds as bioindicators of Southern Ocean ecosystems : concentrations of inorganic and organic contaminants, ecological explanation and critical evaluation |
title_sort |
seabirds as bioindicators of southern ocean ecosystems : concentrations of inorganic and organic contaminants, ecological explanation and critical evaluation |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2014 |
url |
https://theses.hal.science/tel-01245450 https://theses.hal.science/tel-01245450/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-01245450/file/2005Carravieri58905.pdf |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(141.397,141.397,-66.811,-66.811) ENVELOPE(140.017,140.017,-66.667,-66.667) |
geographic |
Antarctic Southern Ocean Kerguelen Kerguelen Islands Indian Manchots Pétrels |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Southern Ocean Kerguelen Kerguelen Islands Indian Manchots Pétrels |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Crozet Islands Kerguelen Islands Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Crozet Islands Kerguelen Islands Southern Ocean |
op_source |
https://theses.hal.science/tel-01245450 Agricultural sciences. Université de La Rochelle, 2014. English. ⟨NNT : 2014LAROS026⟩ |
op_relation |
NNT: 2014LAROS026 tel-01245450 https://theses.hal.science/tel-01245450 https://theses.hal.science/tel-01245450/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-01245450/file/2005Carravieri58905.pdf |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
_version_ |
1790609505715748864 |