THE BIOGEOGRAPHY OF ANTARCTIC MARINE DIATOMS AND THEIR RESPONSE TO VARIED IRON CONCENTRATIONS
Diatoms are a group of highly diverse photosynthetic eukaryotes that account for about 40% of oceanic primary production. In large areas of the ocean deemed high nitrate, low chlorophyll (HNLC) regions, dissolved macronutrient (nitrogen, phosphorus, silica) concentrations are high in the surface but...
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ftunivrhodeislan:oai:digitalcommons.uri.edu:oa_diss-2242 2023-07-30T03:57:38+02:00 THE BIOGEOGRAPHY OF ANTARCTIC MARINE DIATOMS AND THEIR RESPONSE TO VARIED IRON CONCENTRATIONS Holland, Laura Z. 2020-01-01T08:00:00Z application/pdf https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/oa_diss/1228 https://doi.org/10.23860/Holland-Laura-2020 https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/context/oa_diss/article/2242/viewcontent/Holland_uri_0186A_12507.pdf https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/context/oa_diss/article/2242/filename/0/type/additional/viewcontent/Holland_Dissertation_Supplemental_Tables.xlsx unknown DigitalCommons@URI https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/oa_diss/1228 doi:10.23860/Holland-Laura-2020 https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/context/oa_diss/article/2242/viewcontent/Holland_uri_0186A_12507.pdf https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/context/oa_diss/article/2242/filename/0/type/additional/viewcontent/Holland_Dissertation_Supplemental_Tables.xlsx Open Access Dissertations text 2020 ftunivrhodeislan https://doi.org/10.23860/Holland-Laura-2020 2023-07-17T19:00:25Z Diatoms are a group of highly diverse photosynthetic eukaryotes that account for about 40% of oceanic primary production. In large areas of the ocean deemed high nitrate, low chlorophyll (HNLC) regions, dissolved macronutrient (nitrogen, phosphorus, silica) concentrations are high in the surface but diatom biomass is consistently low. The Southern Ocean (SO) is the largest of these environments, and when exogenous Fe is supplied to this region, large diatoms blooms and subsequent carbon export are promoted. As such, SO diatoms are major players in the global carbon cycle and were the focus of this dissertation. This work sought to determine SO diatom biogeography and investigate their potential Fe-limitation coping strategies. Chapters 1 and 2 focused on determining diatom biogeography and community structure in the western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP), the Ross Sea Polynya (RSP), and surrounding HNLC Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) waters. Diatom-targeted high-throughput molecular barcoding data and corresponding environmental metadata were analyzed to determine diatom community composition and the factors driving their structure. Chapter 1 details findings from RSP and ACC samples collected during a 2013 austral summer cruise. Fragilariopsis and Pseudo-nitzschia sequences dominated the sampled areas, with Fe and salinity together driving the community patterns, likely due to seasonal sea ice melt water. Chapter 2 analyzed samples collected from two WAP research cruises (austral spring 2014 and 2016) to compare the interannual and spatial variation of the communities. While offshore and inshore WAP communities differed in species composition, there was little interannual variation. In Chapter 3, metatranscriptomic sequencing was used to examine the gene expression response of a SO diatom community and their associated bacteria to Fe-amendment incubations during the 2016 WAP cruise. Fe addition elicited varying responses by different diatom genera, with more prevalent diatoms experiencing more differential ... Text Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Ross Sea Sea ice Southern Ocean University of Rhode Island: DigitalCommons@URI Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Austral Ross Sea Southern Ocean |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Rhode Island: DigitalCommons@URI |
op_collection_id |
ftunivrhodeislan |
language |
unknown |
description |
Diatoms are a group of highly diverse photosynthetic eukaryotes that account for about 40% of oceanic primary production. In large areas of the ocean deemed high nitrate, low chlorophyll (HNLC) regions, dissolved macronutrient (nitrogen, phosphorus, silica) concentrations are high in the surface but diatom biomass is consistently low. The Southern Ocean (SO) is the largest of these environments, and when exogenous Fe is supplied to this region, large diatoms blooms and subsequent carbon export are promoted. As such, SO diatoms are major players in the global carbon cycle and were the focus of this dissertation. This work sought to determine SO diatom biogeography and investigate their potential Fe-limitation coping strategies. Chapters 1 and 2 focused on determining diatom biogeography and community structure in the western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP), the Ross Sea Polynya (RSP), and surrounding HNLC Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) waters. Diatom-targeted high-throughput molecular barcoding data and corresponding environmental metadata were analyzed to determine diatom community composition and the factors driving their structure. Chapter 1 details findings from RSP and ACC samples collected during a 2013 austral summer cruise. Fragilariopsis and Pseudo-nitzschia sequences dominated the sampled areas, with Fe and salinity together driving the community patterns, likely due to seasonal sea ice melt water. Chapter 2 analyzed samples collected from two WAP research cruises (austral spring 2014 and 2016) to compare the interannual and spatial variation of the communities. While offshore and inshore WAP communities differed in species composition, there was little interannual variation. In Chapter 3, metatranscriptomic sequencing was used to examine the gene expression response of a SO diatom community and their associated bacteria to Fe-amendment incubations during the 2016 WAP cruise. Fe addition elicited varying responses by different diatom genera, with more prevalent diatoms experiencing more differential ... |
format |
Text |
author |
Holland, Laura Z. |
spellingShingle |
Holland, Laura Z. THE BIOGEOGRAPHY OF ANTARCTIC MARINE DIATOMS AND THEIR RESPONSE TO VARIED IRON CONCENTRATIONS |
author_facet |
Holland, Laura Z. |
author_sort |
Holland, Laura Z. |
title |
THE BIOGEOGRAPHY OF ANTARCTIC MARINE DIATOMS AND THEIR RESPONSE TO VARIED IRON CONCENTRATIONS |
title_short |
THE BIOGEOGRAPHY OF ANTARCTIC MARINE DIATOMS AND THEIR RESPONSE TO VARIED IRON CONCENTRATIONS |
title_full |
THE BIOGEOGRAPHY OF ANTARCTIC MARINE DIATOMS AND THEIR RESPONSE TO VARIED IRON CONCENTRATIONS |
title_fullStr |
THE BIOGEOGRAPHY OF ANTARCTIC MARINE DIATOMS AND THEIR RESPONSE TO VARIED IRON CONCENTRATIONS |
title_full_unstemmed |
THE BIOGEOGRAPHY OF ANTARCTIC MARINE DIATOMS AND THEIR RESPONSE TO VARIED IRON CONCENTRATIONS |
title_sort |
biogeography of antarctic marine diatoms and their response to varied iron concentrations |
publisher |
DigitalCommons@URI |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/oa_diss/1228 https://doi.org/10.23860/Holland-Laura-2020 https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/context/oa_diss/article/2242/viewcontent/Holland_uri_0186A_12507.pdf https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/context/oa_diss/article/2242/filename/0/type/additional/viewcontent/Holland_Dissertation_Supplemental_Tables.xlsx |
geographic |
Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Austral Ross Sea Southern Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Austral Ross Sea Southern Ocean |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Ross Sea Sea ice Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Ross Sea Sea ice Southern Ocean |
op_source |
Open Access Dissertations |
op_relation |
https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/oa_diss/1228 doi:10.23860/Holland-Laura-2020 https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/context/oa_diss/article/2242/viewcontent/Holland_uri_0186A_12507.pdf https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/context/oa_diss/article/2242/filename/0/type/additional/viewcontent/Holland_Dissertation_Supplemental_Tables.xlsx |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.23860/Holland-Laura-2020 |
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