Modulation of digestive enzyme activities in the avian digestive tract in relation to diet composition and quality
In nature, birds are faced with variable food sources that may differ in composition (protein vs. carbohydrates) and quality (highly digestible material vs. indigestible fiber). Studies in passerine birds and some commercial poultry demonstrate that the gastrointestinal tract can respond to varying...
Published in: | Journal of Comparative Physiology B |
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ftunivrhodeislan:oai:digitalcommons.uri.edu:nrs_facpubs-1538 2023-07-30T04:02:44+02:00 Modulation of digestive enzyme activities in the avian digestive tract in relation to diet composition and quality Kohl, Kevin D. Ciminari, M. Eugenia Chediack, Juan G. Leafloor, James O. Karasov, William H. McWilliams, Scott R. Caviedes-Vidal, Enrique 2017-02-01T08:00:00Z https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/nrs_facpubs/537 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00360-016-1037-6 unknown DigitalCommons@URI https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/nrs_facpubs/537 doi:10.1007/s00360-016-1037-6 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00360-016-1037-6 Natural Resources Science Faculty Publications Birds Digestion Digestive physiology Fiber Maltase text 2017 ftunivrhodeislan https://doi.org/10.1007/s00360-016-1037-6 2023-07-17T19:09:48Z In nature, birds are faced with variable food sources that may differ in composition (protein vs. carbohydrates) and quality (highly digestible material vs. indigestible fiber). Studies in passerine birds and some commercial poultry demonstrate that the gastrointestinal tract can respond to varying diet composition and quality by changing morphology and/or activities of digestive enzymes. However, studies in additional avian species are warranted to understand generalities of these trends. We first fed juvenile mallards (Anas platyrhynchos), chickens (Gallus gallus), and quails (Coturnix coturnix) on either high-carbohydrate or high-protein diets. For the most part, birds fed the high-carbohydrate diet had higher small intestinal and cecal disaccharidase activities (maltase and sucrase). However, only mallards exhibited higher small intestinal aminopeptidase-N (APN) activities when fed the high-protein diet. These results differ from passerine birds, which largely modulate small intestinal proteases, but not disaccharidases. In another trial, we fed Canada geese (Branta canadensis) diets that varied in both their protein and fiber concentrations for approximately 3.5 months. Birds fed the high-fiber diets had significantly longer small intestines and caeca compared to those fed low-fiber diets. Additionally, geese fed the high-fiber diets exhibited lower mass-specific activities of small intestinal sucrase, and higher activities of APN when summed across the small intestine and ceca. Similar to the avian species above, geese fed the high-protein diets did not exhibit flexibility in their small intestinal APN activities. Overall, these experiments demonstrate that responsiveness of the avian digestive tract to diet composition may have phylogenetic or ecological constraints. Studies on other avian taxa are needed to understand these patterns. Text Branta canadensis University of Rhode Island: DigitalCommons@URI Canada Journal of Comparative Physiology B 187 2 339 351 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Rhode Island: DigitalCommons@URI |
op_collection_id |
ftunivrhodeislan |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Birds Digestion Digestive physiology Fiber Maltase |
spellingShingle |
Birds Digestion Digestive physiology Fiber Maltase Kohl, Kevin D. Ciminari, M. Eugenia Chediack, Juan G. Leafloor, James O. Karasov, William H. McWilliams, Scott R. Caviedes-Vidal, Enrique Modulation of digestive enzyme activities in the avian digestive tract in relation to diet composition and quality |
topic_facet |
Birds Digestion Digestive physiology Fiber Maltase |
description |
In nature, birds are faced with variable food sources that may differ in composition (protein vs. carbohydrates) and quality (highly digestible material vs. indigestible fiber). Studies in passerine birds and some commercial poultry demonstrate that the gastrointestinal tract can respond to varying diet composition and quality by changing morphology and/or activities of digestive enzymes. However, studies in additional avian species are warranted to understand generalities of these trends. We first fed juvenile mallards (Anas platyrhynchos), chickens (Gallus gallus), and quails (Coturnix coturnix) on either high-carbohydrate or high-protein diets. For the most part, birds fed the high-carbohydrate diet had higher small intestinal and cecal disaccharidase activities (maltase and sucrase). However, only mallards exhibited higher small intestinal aminopeptidase-N (APN) activities when fed the high-protein diet. These results differ from passerine birds, which largely modulate small intestinal proteases, but not disaccharidases. In another trial, we fed Canada geese (Branta canadensis) diets that varied in both their protein and fiber concentrations for approximately 3.5 months. Birds fed the high-fiber diets had significantly longer small intestines and caeca compared to those fed low-fiber diets. Additionally, geese fed the high-fiber diets exhibited lower mass-specific activities of small intestinal sucrase, and higher activities of APN when summed across the small intestine and ceca. Similar to the avian species above, geese fed the high-protein diets did not exhibit flexibility in their small intestinal APN activities. Overall, these experiments demonstrate that responsiveness of the avian digestive tract to diet composition may have phylogenetic or ecological constraints. Studies on other avian taxa are needed to understand these patterns. |
format |
Text |
author |
Kohl, Kevin D. Ciminari, M. Eugenia Chediack, Juan G. Leafloor, James O. Karasov, William H. McWilliams, Scott R. Caviedes-Vidal, Enrique |
author_facet |
Kohl, Kevin D. Ciminari, M. Eugenia Chediack, Juan G. Leafloor, James O. Karasov, William H. McWilliams, Scott R. Caviedes-Vidal, Enrique |
author_sort |
Kohl, Kevin D. |
title |
Modulation of digestive enzyme activities in the avian digestive tract in relation to diet composition and quality |
title_short |
Modulation of digestive enzyme activities in the avian digestive tract in relation to diet composition and quality |
title_full |
Modulation of digestive enzyme activities in the avian digestive tract in relation to diet composition and quality |
title_fullStr |
Modulation of digestive enzyme activities in the avian digestive tract in relation to diet composition and quality |
title_full_unstemmed |
Modulation of digestive enzyme activities in the avian digestive tract in relation to diet composition and quality |
title_sort |
modulation of digestive enzyme activities in the avian digestive tract in relation to diet composition and quality |
publisher |
DigitalCommons@URI |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/nrs_facpubs/537 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00360-016-1037-6 |
geographic |
Canada |
geographic_facet |
Canada |
genre |
Branta canadensis |
genre_facet |
Branta canadensis |
op_source |
Natural Resources Science Faculty Publications |
op_relation |
https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/nrs_facpubs/537 doi:10.1007/s00360-016-1037-6 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00360-016-1037-6 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00360-016-1037-6 |
container_title |
Journal of Comparative Physiology B |
container_volume |
187 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
339 |
op_container_end_page |
351 |
_version_ |
1772813550410006528 |