Ecophysiological and ecotoxicological consequences of global changes in terrestrial insects
Terrestrial insects are affected by many environmental factors that vary temporally and spatially at micro- and macroscales. Climate change is moreover affecting the variations of these factors in several ways, with potential cascading effects for insect individuals, populations and communities. Thi...
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Format: | Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
Language: | English |
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HAL CCSD
2021
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Online Access: | https://theses.hal.science/tel-03596489 https://theses.hal.science/tel-03596489/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-03596489/file/ENGELL_DAHL_BJORGE_Julie.pdf |
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ftunivrennes2hal:oai:HAL:tel-03596489v1 |
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openpolar |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Archive Ouverte de l'Université Rennes (HAL) |
op_collection_id |
ftunivrennes2hal |
language |
English |
topic |
Temperature Tolerance Distribution Pesticide Multi-Stress Desiccation Température Tolérance [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment |
spellingShingle |
Temperature Tolerance Distribution Pesticide Multi-Stress Desiccation Température Tolérance [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment Engell Dahl Bjørge, Julie Ecophysiological and ecotoxicological consequences of global changes in terrestrial insects |
topic_facet |
Temperature Tolerance Distribution Pesticide Multi-Stress Desiccation Température Tolérance [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment |
description |
Terrestrial insects are affected by many environmental factors that vary temporally and spatially at micro- and macroscales. Climate change is moreover affecting the variations of these factors in several ways, with potential cascading effects for insect individuals, populations and communities. This thesis addresses how certain environmental abiotic factors can affect the physiological ecology of insects, with beetles as model insects. Firstly, I examined how geographic expansion could affect the thermal tolerance of invasive insects. For that purpose, different populations from the beetle Merizodus soledadinus invading a sub-Antarctic Island were used. This investigation illustrated a general pattern that most populations were best at coping with either cold or heat, and a few did not excel at recovering from either, compared to other populations of the species. This indicates that there are trade-offs between insects having high tolerance to hot or cold temperatures, and other un-investigated traits. Further, researches were conducted to elucidate tolerance levels and responses of insects to temperature and insecticide (cyfluthrin) stress, and investigate how thermal tolerance can be affected by pesticides. Different populations of the invasive pest beetle Alphitobius diaperinus, i.e. one laboratory-reared population and three populations collected from different farms were used. The investigations revelaed that all populations of A. diaperinus had a large thermal tolerance breadth. However, farm collected populations had a wider temperature tolerance than the investigated laboratory reared population. It evidences how variable environments experienced by farm-collected populations can increase tolerance as compared with the individuals reared at constant temperature. In addition, pre-treatment with daily heat spikes decreased the recovery time of the insects to subsequent extreme heat exposure (but not cold), whereas pesticide exposure prior to temperature stress increased recovery times. This provided ... |
author2 |
Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution Rennes (ECOBIO) Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement - CNRS Ecologie et Environnement (INEE-CNRS) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR) Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Université de Rennes David Renault Martin Holmstrup |
format |
Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
author |
Engell Dahl Bjørge, Julie |
author_facet |
Engell Dahl Bjørge, Julie |
author_sort |
Engell Dahl Bjørge, Julie |
title |
Ecophysiological and ecotoxicological consequences of global changes in terrestrial insects |
title_short |
Ecophysiological and ecotoxicological consequences of global changes in terrestrial insects |
title_full |
Ecophysiological and ecotoxicological consequences of global changes in terrestrial insects |
title_fullStr |
Ecophysiological and ecotoxicological consequences of global changes in terrestrial insects |
title_full_unstemmed |
Ecophysiological and ecotoxicological consequences of global changes in terrestrial insects |
title_sort |
ecophysiological and ecotoxicological consequences of global changes in terrestrial insects |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://theses.hal.science/tel-03596489 https://theses.hal.science/tel-03596489/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-03596489/file/ENGELL_DAHL_BJORGE_Julie.pdf |
geographic |
Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic |
op_source |
https://theses.hal.science/tel-03596489 Ecology, environment. Université de Rennes, 2021. English. ⟨NNT : 2021REN1B031⟩ |
op_relation |
NNT: 2021REN1B031 tel-03596489 https://theses.hal.science/tel-03596489 https://theses.hal.science/tel-03596489/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-03596489/file/ENGELL_DAHL_BJORGE_Julie.pdf |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
_version_ |
1798836839831830528 |
spelling |
ftunivrennes2hal:oai:HAL:tel-03596489v1 2024-05-12T07:56:39+00:00 Ecophysiological and ecotoxicological consequences of global changes in terrestrial insects Conséquences écophysiologiques et écotoxicologiques des changement globaux chez les insectes terrestres Engell Dahl Bjørge, Julie Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution Rennes (ECOBIO) Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement - CNRS Ecologie et Environnement (INEE-CNRS) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR) Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Université de Rennes David Renault Martin Holmstrup 2021-10-25 https://theses.hal.science/tel-03596489 https://theses.hal.science/tel-03596489/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-03596489/file/ENGELL_DAHL_BJORGE_Julie.pdf en eng HAL CCSD NNT: 2021REN1B031 tel-03596489 https://theses.hal.science/tel-03596489 https://theses.hal.science/tel-03596489/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-03596489/file/ENGELL_DAHL_BJORGE_Julie.pdf info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess https://theses.hal.science/tel-03596489 Ecology, environment. Université de Rennes, 2021. English. ⟨NNT : 2021REN1B031⟩ Temperature Tolerance Distribution Pesticide Multi-Stress Desiccation Température Tolérance [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis Theses 2021 ftunivrennes2hal 2024-04-17T16:18:08Z Terrestrial insects are affected by many environmental factors that vary temporally and spatially at micro- and macroscales. Climate change is moreover affecting the variations of these factors in several ways, with potential cascading effects for insect individuals, populations and communities. This thesis addresses how certain environmental abiotic factors can affect the physiological ecology of insects, with beetles as model insects. Firstly, I examined how geographic expansion could affect the thermal tolerance of invasive insects. For that purpose, different populations from the beetle Merizodus soledadinus invading a sub-Antarctic Island were used. This investigation illustrated a general pattern that most populations were best at coping with either cold or heat, and a few did not excel at recovering from either, compared to other populations of the species. This indicates that there are trade-offs between insects having high tolerance to hot or cold temperatures, and other un-investigated traits. Further, researches were conducted to elucidate tolerance levels and responses of insects to temperature and insecticide (cyfluthrin) stress, and investigate how thermal tolerance can be affected by pesticides. Different populations of the invasive pest beetle Alphitobius diaperinus, i.e. one laboratory-reared population and three populations collected from different farms were used. The investigations revelaed that all populations of A. diaperinus had a large thermal tolerance breadth. However, farm collected populations had a wider temperature tolerance than the investigated laboratory reared population. It evidences how variable environments experienced by farm-collected populations can increase tolerance as compared with the individuals reared at constant temperature. In addition, pre-treatment with daily heat spikes decreased the recovery time of the insects to subsequent extreme heat exposure (but not cold), whereas pesticide exposure prior to temperature stress increased recovery times. This provided ... Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis Antarc* Antarctic Archive Ouverte de l'Université Rennes (HAL) Antarctic |