Anthropogenic and climate impacts on subarctic forests in the Nain region, Nunatsiavut: Dendroecological and historical approaches
International audience Several recent dendrochronological, macrofossil and palynological studies have surveyed modern spruce forests at multiple locations in the Nain region of coastal Nunatsiavut (north-central Labrador) in order to reconstruct past forest composition, growth rates, species diversi...
Published in: | Écoscience |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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HAL CCSD
2021
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Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://hal.science/hal-03280360 https://hal.science/hal-03280360/document https://hal.science/hal-03280360/file/11956860.2021.pdf https://doi.org/10.1080/11956860.2021.1932294 |
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ftunivrennes1hal:oai:HAL:hal-03280360v1 |
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Université de Rennes 1: Publications scientifiques (HAL) |
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English |
topic |
Dendrochronology growth release historical approaches population growth Nunatsiavut Nain [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology |
spellingShingle |
Dendrochronology growth release historical approaches population growth Nunatsiavut Nain [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology Roy, Natasha Woollett, James Bhiry, Najat Lemus-Lauzon, Isabel Delwaide, Ann Marguerie, Dominique Anthropogenic and climate impacts on subarctic forests in the Nain region, Nunatsiavut: Dendroecological and historical approaches |
topic_facet |
Dendrochronology growth release historical approaches population growth Nunatsiavut Nain [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology |
description |
International audience Several recent dendrochronological, macrofossil and palynological studies have surveyed modern spruce forests at multiple locations in the Nain region of coastal Nunatsiavut (north-central Labrador) in order to reconstruct past forest composition, growth rates, species diversity and harvesting patterns. The present paper synthesizes original and previously collected data to evaluate the extent to which the dynamics of the region's spruce forests over the past five centuries have been related to anthropogenic impacts. In three key case studies, Picea growth release events demonstrate multiple isolated forest disturbances prior to the late 19th century. In general, these events correspond to the local human settlement history rather than to regional climatic trends, suggesting that ongoing human impacts on the forest extend as far back as the 17th century. Disturbance regimes accelerated by ca 1875 and afterward in all of the study sites. This increase in forest disturbance corresponds to increased demands for wood triggered by socio-economic changes experienced by the region's Inuit and Settler communities. Ongoing surveys demonstrate the presence of markers of human exploitation of forests throughout the study region, and especially in coastal locations, suggesting that anthropogenic impacts are in fact generalised and not limited to specific areas of recent settlement. |
author2 |
Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM) Université Laval Québec (ULaval) Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution Rennes (ECOBIO) Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement - CNRS Ecologie et Environnement (INEE-CNRS) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR) Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC)Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada (SSHRC)Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada (SSHRC)CGIAR; Fonds de recherche du Quebec -Societe et culture (FRQSC); Fonds de recherche du Quebec - Nature et technologies (FRQNT); Agence nationale de la Recherche (ANR France, InterArct)French National Research Agency (ANR); ENCHAINEC project of the French Polar Institute Paul-Emile Victor (IPEV) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Roy, Natasha Woollett, James Bhiry, Najat Lemus-Lauzon, Isabel Delwaide, Ann Marguerie, Dominique |
author_facet |
Roy, Natasha Woollett, James Bhiry, Najat Lemus-Lauzon, Isabel Delwaide, Ann Marguerie, Dominique |
author_sort |
Roy, Natasha |
title |
Anthropogenic and climate impacts on subarctic forests in the Nain region, Nunatsiavut: Dendroecological and historical approaches |
title_short |
Anthropogenic and climate impacts on subarctic forests in the Nain region, Nunatsiavut: Dendroecological and historical approaches |
title_full |
Anthropogenic and climate impacts on subarctic forests in the Nain region, Nunatsiavut: Dendroecological and historical approaches |
title_fullStr |
Anthropogenic and climate impacts on subarctic forests in the Nain region, Nunatsiavut: Dendroecological and historical approaches |
title_full_unstemmed |
Anthropogenic and climate impacts on subarctic forests in the Nain region, Nunatsiavut: Dendroecological and historical approaches |
title_sort |
anthropogenic and climate impacts on subarctic forests in the nain region, nunatsiavut: dendroecological and historical approaches |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://hal.science/hal-03280360 https://hal.science/hal-03280360/document https://hal.science/hal-03280360/file/11956860.2021.pdf https://doi.org/10.1080/11956860.2021.1932294 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-61.695,-61.695,56.542,56.542) |
geographic |
Nain |
geographic_facet |
Nain |
genre |
inuit Nain Subarctic |
genre_facet |
inuit Nain Subarctic |
op_source |
ISSN: 1195-6860 Ecoscience https://hal.science/hal-03280360 Ecoscience, 2021, 28 (3-4), pp.361-376. ⟨10.1080/11956860.2021.1932294⟩ |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1080/11956860.2021.1932294 hal-03280360 https://hal.science/hal-03280360 https://hal.science/hal-03280360/document https://hal.science/hal-03280360/file/11956860.2021.pdf doi:10.1080/11956860.2021.1932294 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/ info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1080/11956860.2021.1932294 |
container_title |
Écoscience |
container_start_page |
1 |
op_container_end_page |
16 |
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1798848617030615040 |
spelling |
ftunivrennes1hal:oai:HAL:hal-03280360v1 2024-05-12T08:06:10+00:00 Anthropogenic and climate impacts on subarctic forests in the Nain region, Nunatsiavut: Dendroecological and historical approaches Roy, Natasha Woollett, James Bhiry, Najat Lemus-Lauzon, Isabel Delwaide, Ann Marguerie, Dominique Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM) Université Laval Québec (ULaval) Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution Rennes (ECOBIO) Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement - CNRS Ecologie et Environnement (INEE-CNRS) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR) Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC)Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada (SSHRC)Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada (SSHRC)CGIAR; Fonds de recherche du Quebec -Societe et culture (FRQSC); Fonds de recherche du Quebec - Nature et technologies (FRQNT); Agence nationale de la Recherche (ANR France, InterArct)French National Research Agency (ANR); ENCHAINEC project of the French Polar Institute Paul-Emile Victor (IPEV) 2021-10-02 https://hal.science/hal-03280360 https://hal.science/hal-03280360/document https://hal.science/hal-03280360/file/11956860.2021.pdf https://doi.org/10.1080/11956860.2021.1932294 en eng HAL CCSD Ecoscience info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1080/11956860.2021.1932294 hal-03280360 https://hal.science/hal-03280360 https://hal.science/hal-03280360/document https://hal.science/hal-03280360/file/11956860.2021.pdf doi:10.1080/11956860.2021.1932294 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/ info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess ISSN: 1195-6860 Ecoscience https://hal.science/hal-03280360 Ecoscience, 2021, 28 (3-4), pp.361-376. ⟨10.1080/11956860.2021.1932294⟩ Dendrochronology growth release historical approaches population growth Nunatsiavut Nain [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2021 ftunivrennes1hal https://doi.org/10.1080/11956860.2021.1932294 2024-04-18T00:12:29Z International audience Several recent dendrochronological, macrofossil and palynological studies have surveyed modern spruce forests at multiple locations in the Nain region of coastal Nunatsiavut (north-central Labrador) in order to reconstruct past forest composition, growth rates, species diversity and harvesting patterns. The present paper synthesizes original and previously collected data to evaluate the extent to which the dynamics of the region's spruce forests over the past five centuries have been related to anthropogenic impacts. In three key case studies, Picea growth release events demonstrate multiple isolated forest disturbances prior to the late 19th century. In general, these events correspond to the local human settlement history rather than to regional climatic trends, suggesting that ongoing human impacts on the forest extend as far back as the 17th century. Disturbance regimes accelerated by ca 1875 and afterward in all of the study sites. This increase in forest disturbance corresponds to increased demands for wood triggered by socio-economic changes experienced by the region's Inuit and Settler communities. Ongoing surveys demonstrate the presence of markers of human exploitation of forests throughout the study region, and especially in coastal locations, suggesting that anthropogenic impacts are in fact generalised and not limited to specific areas of recent settlement. Article in Journal/Newspaper inuit Nain Subarctic Université de Rennes 1: Publications scientifiques (HAL) Nain ENVELOPE(-61.695,-61.695,56.542,56.542) Écoscience 1 16 |