Sea surface temperature in global analyses: gains from the copernicus imaging microwave radiometer
Sea surface temperatures (SSTs) derived from passive microwave (PMW) observations benefit global ocean and SST analyses because of their near-all-weather availability. Present PMW SSTs have a real aperture-limited spatial resolution in excess of 50 km, limiting the spatial fidelity with which SST fe...
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ftunivreading:oai:centaur.reading.ac.uk:86673 2024-05-19T07:49:00+00:00 Sea surface temperature in global analyses: gains from the copernicus imaging microwave radiometer Pearson, Kevin Good, Simon Merchant, Christopher J. Prigent, Catherine Embury, Owen Donlon, Craig 2019 text https://centaur.reading.ac.uk/86673/ https://centaur.reading.ac.uk/86673/1/remotesensing-11-02362.pdf en eng MDPI https://centaur.reading.ac.uk/86673/1/remotesensing-11-02362.pdf Pearson, K. <https://centaur.reading.ac.uk/view/creators/90001009.html>, Good, S., Merchant, C. J. <https://centaur.reading.ac.uk/view/creators/90005270.html> orcid:0000-0003-4687-9850 , Prigent, C., Embury, O. <https://centaur.reading.ac.uk/view/creators/90005381.html> orcid:0000-0002-1661-7828 and Donlon, C. (2019) Sea surface temperature in global analyses: gains from the copernicus imaging microwave radiometer. Remote Sensing, 11 (20). 2362. ISSN 2072-4292 doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11202362 <https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11202362> cc_by_4 Article PeerReviewed 2019 ftunivreading https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11202362 2024-05-01T00:23:28Z Sea surface temperatures (SSTs) derived from passive microwave (PMW) observations benefit global ocean and SST analyses because of their near-all-weather availability. Present PMW SSTs have a real aperture-limited spatial resolution in excess of 50 km, limiting the spatial fidelity with which SST features, reflecting ocean dynamics, can be captured. This contrasts with the target resolution of global analyses of 5 to 10 km. The Copernicus Imaging Microwave Radiometer (CIMR) is a mission concept under consideration as a high-priority candidate mission for the expansion of the Copernicus space programme. This instrument would be capable of real aperture resolution < 15 km with low total uncertainties in the range 0.4–0.8 K for channels between 1.4 and 36.5 GHz, and a dual-view arrangement that further reduces noise. This paper provides a comparative study of SST uncertainty and feature resolution with and without the availability of CIMR in the future SST-observing satellite constellation based on a detailed simulation of CIMR plus infrared observations and the processing of global SST analyses with 0.05◦ final grid resolution. Simulations of CIMR data including structured errors were added to an observing system consisting of the Sea and Land Surface Temperature Radiometer (SLSTR) on Sentinel-3A and the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) on MetOp-A. This resulted in a large improvement in the global root-mean-square error (RMSE) for SST from 0.37 K to 0.21 K for January and 0.40 K to 0.25 K for July. There was a particularly noticeable improvement in the performance of the analysis, as measured by the reduction in RMSE, for dynamical and persistently cloudy areas. Of these, the Aghulas Current showed an improvement of 43% in January and 48% in July, the Gulf Stream showed 70% and 44% improvements, the Southern Ocean showed 57% and 74% improvements, and the Maritime Continent showed 50% and 40% improvements, respectively. Article in Journal/Newspaper Southern Ocean CentAUR: Central Archive at the University of Reading Remote Sensing 11 20 2362 |
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Open Polar |
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CentAUR: Central Archive at the University of Reading |
op_collection_id |
ftunivreading |
language |
English |
description |
Sea surface temperatures (SSTs) derived from passive microwave (PMW) observations benefit global ocean and SST analyses because of their near-all-weather availability. Present PMW SSTs have a real aperture-limited spatial resolution in excess of 50 km, limiting the spatial fidelity with which SST features, reflecting ocean dynamics, can be captured. This contrasts with the target resolution of global analyses of 5 to 10 km. The Copernicus Imaging Microwave Radiometer (CIMR) is a mission concept under consideration as a high-priority candidate mission for the expansion of the Copernicus space programme. This instrument would be capable of real aperture resolution < 15 km with low total uncertainties in the range 0.4–0.8 K for channels between 1.4 and 36.5 GHz, and a dual-view arrangement that further reduces noise. This paper provides a comparative study of SST uncertainty and feature resolution with and without the availability of CIMR in the future SST-observing satellite constellation based on a detailed simulation of CIMR plus infrared observations and the processing of global SST analyses with 0.05◦ final grid resolution. Simulations of CIMR data including structured errors were added to an observing system consisting of the Sea and Land Surface Temperature Radiometer (SLSTR) on Sentinel-3A and the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) on MetOp-A. This resulted in a large improvement in the global root-mean-square error (RMSE) for SST from 0.37 K to 0.21 K for January and 0.40 K to 0.25 K for July. There was a particularly noticeable improvement in the performance of the analysis, as measured by the reduction in RMSE, for dynamical and persistently cloudy areas. Of these, the Aghulas Current showed an improvement of 43% in January and 48% in July, the Gulf Stream showed 70% and 44% improvements, the Southern Ocean showed 57% and 74% improvements, and the Maritime Continent showed 50% and 40% improvements, respectively. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Pearson, Kevin Good, Simon Merchant, Christopher J. Prigent, Catherine Embury, Owen Donlon, Craig |
spellingShingle |
Pearson, Kevin Good, Simon Merchant, Christopher J. Prigent, Catherine Embury, Owen Donlon, Craig Sea surface temperature in global analyses: gains from the copernicus imaging microwave radiometer |
author_facet |
Pearson, Kevin Good, Simon Merchant, Christopher J. Prigent, Catherine Embury, Owen Donlon, Craig |
author_sort |
Pearson, Kevin |
title |
Sea surface temperature in global analyses: gains from the copernicus imaging microwave radiometer |
title_short |
Sea surface temperature in global analyses: gains from the copernicus imaging microwave radiometer |
title_full |
Sea surface temperature in global analyses: gains from the copernicus imaging microwave radiometer |
title_fullStr |
Sea surface temperature in global analyses: gains from the copernicus imaging microwave radiometer |
title_full_unstemmed |
Sea surface temperature in global analyses: gains from the copernicus imaging microwave radiometer |
title_sort |
sea surface temperature in global analyses: gains from the copernicus imaging microwave radiometer |
publisher |
MDPI |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://centaur.reading.ac.uk/86673/ https://centaur.reading.ac.uk/86673/1/remotesensing-11-02362.pdf |
genre |
Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Southern Ocean |
op_relation |
https://centaur.reading.ac.uk/86673/1/remotesensing-11-02362.pdf Pearson, K. <https://centaur.reading.ac.uk/view/creators/90001009.html>, Good, S., Merchant, C. J. <https://centaur.reading.ac.uk/view/creators/90005270.html> orcid:0000-0003-4687-9850 , Prigent, C., Embury, O. <https://centaur.reading.ac.uk/view/creators/90005381.html> orcid:0000-0002-1661-7828 and Donlon, C. (2019) Sea surface temperature in global analyses: gains from the copernicus imaging microwave radiometer. Remote Sensing, 11 (20). 2362. ISSN 2072-4292 doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11202362 <https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11202362> |
op_rights |
cc_by_4 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11202362 |
container_title |
Remote Sensing |
container_volume |
11 |
container_issue |
20 |
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2362 |
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1799467406068809728 |