An objective global climatology of polar lows based on reanalysis data
Here an objective global climatology of polar lows has been developed. In order to obtain objective detection criteria the efficacy of several parameters for separating polar lows from other cyclones has been investigated. This parameter efficacy has been compared for polar lows subjectively identif...
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Online Access: | https://centaur.reading.ac.uk/76411/ https://centaur.reading.ac.uk/76411/1/Stoll_et_al-2017-Quarterly_Journal_of_the_Royal_Meteorological_Society.pdf |
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ftunivreading:oai:centaur.reading.ac.uk:76411 2024-09-15T18:03:37+00:00 An objective global climatology of polar lows based on reanalysis data Stoll, Patrick J. Graversen, Rune G. Noer, Gunnar Hodges, Kevin 2018-10 text https://centaur.reading.ac.uk/76411/ https://centaur.reading.ac.uk/76411/1/Stoll_et_al-2017-Quarterly_Journal_of_the_Royal_Meteorological_Society.pdf en eng Royal Meteorological Society https://centaur.reading.ac.uk/76411/1/Stoll_et_al-2017-Quarterly_Journal_of_the_Royal_Meteorological_Society.pdf Stoll, P. J., Graversen, R. G., Noer, G. and Hodges, K. <https://centaur.reading.ac.uk/view/creators/90000463.html> orcid:0000-0003-0894-229X (2018) An objective global climatology of polar lows based on reanalysis data. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 144 (716). pp. 2099-2117. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.3309 <https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.3309> Article PeerReviewed 2018 ftunivreading https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.3309 2024-07-30T14:08:25Z Here an objective global climatology of polar lows has been developed. In order to obtain objective detection criteria the efficacy of several parameters for separating polar lows from other cyclones has been investigated. This parameter efficacy has been compared for polar lows subjectively identified by experts and for all kind of extra-tropical cyclones. The comparison is based on the ERA-Interim reanalysis from 1979 - 2016 and the higher resolution Arctic System Reanalysis from 2000 - 2012. The parameters found to be the most effective at separating polar lows from all other kinds of synoptic and meso-scale cyclones were the difference between the mean sea-level pressure of the low and its surroundings, the difference in the potential temperature between the sea surface and the 500 hPa level, and the tropopause wind poleward of the system. Other parameters often used for distinguishing, such as the 10m wind speed and the temperature difference between the sea surface and the 700 hPa level were found to be less effective. Investigation of the climatologies reveals that PLs occur in all maritime basins at high latitudes, but with high density in the vicinity of the sea-ice edge and coastal zones. The regions showing the highest degree of polar-low activity are the Denmark Strait and the Nordic Seas. Especially the most intense polar lows occur in these two regions. In the North Atlantic and Pacific the main polar-low season ranges from November to March. In the Southern Hemisphere polar lows are mainly detected between 50 - 65'S from April to October, indicating that this hemisphere compared to its northern counterpart has a two months longer, but less intense, polar-low season. No significant hemispheric long-term trends are observed, although some regions, such as the Denmark Strait and the Nordic Sea experience significant downward and upward trends in polar lows, respectively, over the last decades. For intense polar lows a significant decaying trend has been observed for the northern hemisphere. Article in Journal/Newspaper Denmark Strait Nordic Sea Nordic Seas North Atlantic Sea ice CentAUR: Central Archive at the University of Reading Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 144 716 2099 2117 |
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Open Polar |
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CentAUR: Central Archive at the University of Reading |
op_collection_id |
ftunivreading |
language |
English |
description |
Here an objective global climatology of polar lows has been developed. In order to obtain objective detection criteria the efficacy of several parameters for separating polar lows from other cyclones has been investigated. This parameter efficacy has been compared for polar lows subjectively identified by experts and for all kind of extra-tropical cyclones. The comparison is based on the ERA-Interim reanalysis from 1979 - 2016 and the higher resolution Arctic System Reanalysis from 2000 - 2012. The parameters found to be the most effective at separating polar lows from all other kinds of synoptic and meso-scale cyclones were the difference between the mean sea-level pressure of the low and its surroundings, the difference in the potential temperature between the sea surface and the 500 hPa level, and the tropopause wind poleward of the system. Other parameters often used for distinguishing, such as the 10m wind speed and the temperature difference between the sea surface and the 700 hPa level were found to be less effective. Investigation of the climatologies reveals that PLs occur in all maritime basins at high latitudes, but with high density in the vicinity of the sea-ice edge and coastal zones. The regions showing the highest degree of polar-low activity are the Denmark Strait and the Nordic Seas. Especially the most intense polar lows occur in these two regions. In the North Atlantic and Pacific the main polar-low season ranges from November to March. In the Southern Hemisphere polar lows are mainly detected between 50 - 65'S from April to October, indicating that this hemisphere compared to its northern counterpart has a two months longer, but less intense, polar-low season. No significant hemispheric long-term trends are observed, although some regions, such as the Denmark Strait and the Nordic Sea experience significant downward and upward trends in polar lows, respectively, over the last decades. For intense polar lows a significant decaying trend has been observed for the northern hemisphere. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Stoll, Patrick J. Graversen, Rune G. Noer, Gunnar Hodges, Kevin |
spellingShingle |
Stoll, Patrick J. Graversen, Rune G. Noer, Gunnar Hodges, Kevin An objective global climatology of polar lows based on reanalysis data |
author_facet |
Stoll, Patrick J. Graversen, Rune G. Noer, Gunnar Hodges, Kevin |
author_sort |
Stoll, Patrick J. |
title |
An objective global climatology of polar lows based on reanalysis data |
title_short |
An objective global climatology of polar lows based on reanalysis data |
title_full |
An objective global climatology of polar lows based on reanalysis data |
title_fullStr |
An objective global climatology of polar lows based on reanalysis data |
title_full_unstemmed |
An objective global climatology of polar lows based on reanalysis data |
title_sort |
objective global climatology of polar lows based on reanalysis data |
publisher |
Royal Meteorological Society |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://centaur.reading.ac.uk/76411/ https://centaur.reading.ac.uk/76411/1/Stoll_et_al-2017-Quarterly_Journal_of_the_Royal_Meteorological_Society.pdf |
genre |
Denmark Strait Nordic Sea Nordic Seas North Atlantic Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Denmark Strait Nordic Sea Nordic Seas North Atlantic Sea ice |
op_relation |
https://centaur.reading.ac.uk/76411/1/Stoll_et_al-2017-Quarterly_Journal_of_the_Royal_Meteorological_Society.pdf Stoll, P. J., Graversen, R. G., Noer, G. and Hodges, K. <https://centaur.reading.ac.uk/view/creators/90000463.html> orcid:0000-0003-0894-229X (2018) An objective global climatology of polar lows based on reanalysis data. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 144 (716). pp. 2099-2117. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.3309 <https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.3309> |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.3309 |
container_title |
Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society |
container_volume |
144 |
container_issue |
716 |
container_start_page |
2099 |
op_container_end_page |
2117 |
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1810441093446107136 |