The basic ingredients of the North Atlantic Storm Track. Part II: Sea surface temperatures
The impact of North Atlantic SST patterns on the storm track is investigated using a hierarchy of GCM simulations using idealized (aquaplanet) and “semirealistic” boundary conditions in the atmospheric component (HadAM3) of the third climate configuration of the Met Office Unified Model (HadCM3). Th...
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ftunivreading:oai:centaur.reading.ac.uk:25775 2024-06-23T07:54:54+00:00 The basic ingredients of the North Atlantic Storm Track. Part II: Sea surface temperatures Brayshaw, David Hoskins, Brian Blackburn, Mike 2011-08 https://centaur.reading.ac.uk/25775/ unknown American Meteorological Society Brayshaw, D. <https://centaur.reading.ac.uk/view/creators/90000618.html> orcid:0000-0002-3927-4362 , Hoskins, B. <https://centaur.reading.ac.uk/view/creators/90000043.html> and Blackburn, M. <https://centaur.reading.ac.uk/view/creators/90000186.html> (2011) The basic ingredients of the North Atlantic Storm Track. Part II: Sea surface temperatures. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 68 (8). pp. 1784-1805. ISSN 0022-4928 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/2011JAS3674.1 <https://doi.org/10.1175/2011JAS3674.1> Article PeerReviewed 2011 ftunivreading https://doi.org/10.1175/2011JAS3674.1 2024-06-11T14:57:06Z The impact of North Atlantic SST patterns on the storm track is investigated using a hierarchy of GCM simulations using idealized (aquaplanet) and “semirealistic” boundary conditions in the atmospheric component (HadAM3) of the third climate configuration of the Met Office Unified Model (HadCM3). This framework enables the mechanisms determining the tropospheric response to North Atlantic SST patterns to be examined, both in isolation and in combination with continental-scale landmasses and orography. In isolation, a “Gulf Stream” SST pattern acts to strengthen the downstream storm track while a “North Atlantic Drift” SST pattern weakens it. These changes are consistent with changes in the extratropical SST gradient and near-surface baroclinicity, and each storm-track response is associated with a consistent change in the tropospheric jet structure. Locally enhanced near-surface horizontal wind convergence is found over the warm side of strengthened SST gradients associated with ascending air and increased precipitation, consistent with previous studies. When the combined SST pattern is introduced into the semirealistic framework (including the “North American” continent and the “Rocky Mountains”), the results suggest that the topographically generated southwest–northeast tilt in the North Atlantic storm track is enhanced. In particular, the Gulf Stream shifts the storm track south in the western Atlantic whereas the strong high-latitude SST gradient in the northeastern Atlantic enhances the storm track there. Article in Journal/Newspaper North Atlantic CentAUR: Central Archive at the University of Reading Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 68 8 1784 1805 |
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CentAUR: Central Archive at the University of Reading |
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ftunivreading |
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description |
The impact of North Atlantic SST patterns on the storm track is investigated using a hierarchy of GCM simulations using idealized (aquaplanet) and “semirealistic” boundary conditions in the atmospheric component (HadAM3) of the third climate configuration of the Met Office Unified Model (HadCM3). This framework enables the mechanisms determining the tropospheric response to North Atlantic SST patterns to be examined, both in isolation and in combination with continental-scale landmasses and orography. In isolation, a “Gulf Stream” SST pattern acts to strengthen the downstream storm track while a “North Atlantic Drift” SST pattern weakens it. These changes are consistent with changes in the extratropical SST gradient and near-surface baroclinicity, and each storm-track response is associated with a consistent change in the tropospheric jet structure. Locally enhanced near-surface horizontal wind convergence is found over the warm side of strengthened SST gradients associated with ascending air and increased precipitation, consistent with previous studies. When the combined SST pattern is introduced into the semirealistic framework (including the “North American” continent and the “Rocky Mountains”), the results suggest that the topographically generated southwest–northeast tilt in the North Atlantic storm track is enhanced. In particular, the Gulf Stream shifts the storm track south in the western Atlantic whereas the strong high-latitude SST gradient in the northeastern Atlantic enhances the storm track there. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Brayshaw, David Hoskins, Brian Blackburn, Mike |
spellingShingle |
Brayshaw, David Hoskins, Brian Blackburn, Mike The basic ingredients of the North Atlantic Storm Track. Part II: Sea surface temperatures |
author_facet |
Brayshaw, David Hoskins, Brian Blackburn, Mike |
author_sort |
Brayshaw, David |
title |
The basic ingredients of the North Atlantic Storm Track. Part II: Sea surface temperatures |
title_short |
The basic ingredients of the North Atlantic Storm Track. Part II: Sea surface temperatures |
title_full |
The basic ingredients of the North Atlantic Storm Track. Part II: Sea surface temperatures |
title_fullStr |
The basic ingredients of the North Atlantic Storm Track. Part II: Sea surface temperatures |
title_full_unstemmed |
The basic ingredients of the North Atlantic Storm Track. Part II: Sea surface temperatures |
title_sort |
basic ingredients of the north atlantic storm track. part ii: sea surface temperatures |
publisher |
American Meteorological Society |
publishDate |
2011 |
url |
https://centaur.reading.ac.uk/25775/ |
genre |
North Atlantic |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic |
op_relation |
Brayshaw, D. <https://centaur.reading.ac.uk/view/creators/90000618.html> orcid:0000-0002-3927-4362 , Hoskins, B. <https://centaur.reading.ac.uk/view/creators/90000043.html> and Blackburn, M. <https://centaur.reading.ac.uk/view/creators/90000186.html> (2011) The basic ingredients of the North Atlantic Storm Track. Part II: Sea surface temperatures. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 68 (8). pp. 1784-1805. ISSN 0022-4928 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/2011JAS3674.1 <https://doi.org/10.1175/2011JAS3674.1> |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1175/2011JAS3674.1 |
container_title |
Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences |
container_volume |
68 |
container_issue |
8 |
container_start_page |
1784 |
op_container_end_page |
1805 |
_version_ |
1802647236757159936 |